无限均布压力作用下弹性地基的应力和位移

通过两个典型的半无限体实例,对水平表面作用无限均布压力下弹性地基的应力和位移解答进行研究,结果表明:对边界条件不明确的无限边界仅采用解答的必要非充分条件——平衡条件来等效处理,其应力解答不是唯一的,因为此时该边值问题不是一个适定的数学问题.对弹性地基梁板中的半无限大地基、底部完全位移约束的有限深地基和底部光滑刚性支承的有限深地基在水平表面作用无限均布压力时的应力和位移分量进行了比较,认为底部完全位移约束的有限深地基模型较其他两种地基模型更合理.     

CO、N2在金属Y表面的吸附行为

对Y原子采用相对论有效原子实势(RECP/SDD),C、O、N原子采用6-311 G**基函数,利用B3LYP方法计算了YCO和YN2分子的微观结构以及不同温度下的热力学函数.以气态分子总能量中的振动能EV代替该分子处于固态时的振动能量,以电子运动和振动运动熵SEV代替分子处于固态的熵的近似方法,计算了不同温度下金属Y与CO、N2反应的ΔHΘ、ΔSΘ、ΔGΘ及反应平衡压力,导出了反应平衡压力与温度的关系.计算得出在标准条件下,YCO(s)的生成焓为-69.88 kJ.mol-1,YN2的生成焓为-46.34 kJ.mol-1.比较YCO(s)、YN2(s)和YH2(s)的G ibbs自由能ΔGΘ,可得到在常压及298.15~998.15 K温度条件下,吸附平衡压力pH2Kp(CO)>Kp(N2).比较YCO(s)和PdCO(s)的G ibbs自由能ΔGΘ以及YN2(s)和PdN2(s)的Gibbs自由能ΔGΘ,得到在常压及298.15~998.15 K温度条件下,Y对CO和N2的吸附弱于Pd对CO和N2的吸附.由此,可以认为在纯钯中加入钇,一方面增强了H2在合金膜表面的吸附,另一方面减弱了杂质气体CO和N2的吸附,从而有效提高了渗氢速率.     

P systems based multi-objective optimization algorithm

Based on P systems, this paper proposes a new multi-objective optimization algorithm (PMOA). Similar to P systems, PMOA has a cell-like structure. The structure is dynamic and its membranes merge and divide at different stages. The key rule of a membrane is the communication rule which is derived from P systems. Mutation rules are important for the algorithm, which has different ranges of mutation in different membranes. The cooperation of the two rules contributes to the diversity of the population, the conquest of the muhimodality of objective function and the convergence of algorithm. Moreover, the unique structure divides the whole population into several sub populations, which decreases the computational complexity. Almost a dozen popular algorithms are compared using several test problems. Simulation results illustrate that the PMOA has the best performance. Its solutions are closer to the true Pareto-optimal front     

动态混合行为交通网络平衡的遗传算法求解

采用遗传算法对动态交通网络平衡微分博弈模型进行求解,将动态混合行为交通网络平衡模型构造为一个开环信息结构下N个局中人非合作非零和博弈,并考虑了一个单OD对之间有两个平行弧的简单网络和两类局中人——用户平衡(UE)和古诺-纳升(C-N)——在拥挤现象中的相互作用,针对此简单网络阐明了遗传算法求解模型的具体步骤。遗传算法求解不必要求目标函数连续可微,大大提高了模型的适用性。通过算例对所设计的算法进行了验证,在算例中将Wie BW(1993)的研究中部分参数取值作了修改,使其更加合乎交通实际,并将计算结果与Wie B W(1993)采用最小值原理计算结果进行了对比分析,通过对比分析表明,其计算结果更符合交通实际。     

The equilibrium between diagenetic calcites and dolomites and its impact on reservoir quality in the sandstone reservoir of Kela 2 gas field

Based on the equilibrium theory of chemical reactions between water and rocks, this paper establishes a thermodynamic phase relationship diagram among calcites, dolomites and water solution under the condition of diagenesis based on the thermodynamic database of related minerals and fluids and dolomite’s degree of order parameters. It has been discovered that the equilibrium between calcites and dolomites in the diagenetic environment is strongly impacted by temperature and the Ca/Mg ratios in groundwater, and that the dolomite’s degree of order in the diagenetic environment is a function of crystallization temperature and time, not controlled by water solution. Hereby, the authors make a further analysis of the close relationship of chemical reaction between carbonate cements and pore water in the sandstone reservoirs of Kala 2 gas field in Kuche sag. It can be seen that there are different impacts on sandstone reservoir quality among the equilibrium system of calcites, dolomites and pore water at different depths of reservoirs.     

光谱法研究Ni[（C4H9O）2PS2]2与2，2＇-联吡啶的加合反应

用光谱法研究了Ni[（C4H9O）2PS2]2（简称NiL2）与2，2’-联吡啶（简称B）温度为32℃时在乙醇溶剂中的加合反应．Ni[（C4H9O）2PS2]2与2，2’-联吡啶生成1：1的六配位的加合物NiL2·B，且加合物的吸收光谱是由NiS4N2的发色基团所引起的．实验测定了加合反应的平衡常数值K^θ=3．40×10^6．     

食草动物、地上植物、地下植物三种群生态模型的建立及其稳定性分析

本文建立了食草动物、地上植物、地下植物三种群生态模型,并对其稳定性进行了分析.讨论了这个系统的边际平衡点的稳定性,并证明了这个系统的正平衡点存在性.     

On the Effects of Central Japan Expressway＇s Commuter Toll Discount Policy in Nagoya Area

Road pricing policies have two equally important objectives that have to be considered： the optimal use of the road network and the fiscal sustainability for the management of the network. The aim of this work is to examine the effects on these two objectives of a recent pricing policy implemented in Japan＇s expressway networks. Recently the Nippon （Japan） Expressway Companies （NEXCO, operators of Japan＇s nation wide expressway network） have implemented several toll discount policies for users equipped with electronic toll collectors （ETCs）. One of the policies is the commuter discount policy that discounts 50% for a journey on the NEXCO expressway no longer than 100 km during the commuting peak hours. This paper examines its effect on congestion reduction in the road network of Nagoya area and its influence on the use of expressways operated by another major local public expressway company in Nagoya. The congestion easing effect of this policy is compared with a potential marginal cost pricing scheme. These observations suggest that policy coordination regarding toll levels is needed for expressway corporations and transportation authorities for improving transportation efficiency of utilization of the whole network.     

天然气水合物形成条件的实验研究与理论预测

利用可视化高压流体测试装置在273.58-288.96K的温度范围内测量了甲烷和合成天然气（甲烷，乙烷和丙烷的混合物）水合物的形成条件。实验结果表明，温度越高，水合物形成的压力越高，而且压力的增加率越大。根据van dew Waals-Platteeuw的理想溶液等温吸附理论，应用气体不合物相平衡计算数学模型对实验体系水合物的形成条件进行了预测计算，取得了较好的结果（甲烷水合物相平衡温度的平均相对误差为0．1554％，合成天然气相平衡温度的平均相对误差为0．2403％）。     

黄河下游河道输沙用水量研究

从上游来水来沙状态、下游河道输沙目标、下游河道水流输沙能力和水利枢纽调控调度4个层次分析了黄河下游河道输沙用水效率。根据1950－1997年期间的实测资料，分别讨论了黄河下游不同河段在自然、受控、复杂和异常状态下的输沙用水量。在各种状态下根据河道和输沙特性的差异，分别按照均衡和平衡输沙目标计算了下游河道输沙用水量。在设定输沙目标下，以年内不同时段水流挟沙能力为依据，对比了可能提高输沙用水效率的不同调控方案，例如在汛期或7－8月输送全年泥沙的方案等，以便减少黄河下游输沙用水量并缓解黄河水资源的紧张趋势。这些方案有可能通过水利工程枢纽的调控来实现，为此中给出了不同状态下均衡、平均输沙用水量可调控的阈值。