X－ray reflectivity investigation of the foam bilayer film formed by hexaethylene glycol dodecyl ether

When the thickness of soap foam film varies in adefinite region, color changes of a soap bubble will be observed due to the interference of light. Black soap films are the final stages of thinning of soap films due to the drainage of water in the absence of evaporation and are generally formed from solutions of an ionic surfactant in the presence of salt. After a bubble is formed, in the beginning the soap film is relatively thick and it appearswhite; then the film thins gradually and finally …     

黑洞熵公式的简单推导

　Black hole is treated as 2-D membrane. Starting from the usual state equation of thermal radiation, the black hole entropy is technically computed, and the result that is proportional to the area of horizon is briefly obtained.     

含氢类金刚石膜沉积过程的分子动力学模拟

含氢类金刚石膜(diamond-like carbon, DLC)的超低摩擦特性与其沉积制备过程密切相关. 采用分子动力学模拟的方法, 计算了以CH₃基团为沉积物, 在多种不同入射能下制备含氢DLC膜的动力学过程. 通过沉积原子数统计分析、薄膜密度和sp杂化分析考察了含氢DLC膜的结构特性. 通过比较模拟结果, 发现随着入射轰击能量的增加, 含氢类金刚石膜中碳的含量总体上呈现增加的趋势; 在含氢DLC膜中所沉积的氢原子数存在峰值, 峰值前后变化趋势相反, 大于80 eV以后趋于饱和与稳定, 薄膜相对密度也随之增加, 达到50 eV时趋于稳定值; 膜中碳原子比氢原子具有更强的成键能力, 易与基底发生化学吸附; 沉积源基团的氢含量决定生长成膜以后的薄膜氢含量, 沉积源基团中的氢含量高, 则所生长薄膜的氢含量高.     

质子交换膜燃料电池混合建模研究

支撑向量机（SVM）理论完备,泛化能力强,很适合对燃料电池建模。但是建立高维SVM模型需要大量的实验数据,为了克服这一困难,使用SVM和压力增量机理模型相结合的方法对质子交换膜燃料电池进行混合建模：SVM模型只考虑电流和温度对电压的影响,而压力增量模型则在此基础上预测阴极压力和阳极压力对电压的影响。混合后的模型能够预测不同电流、温度、阴极压力和阳极压力下的输出电压。结果表明这种方法建立的数学模型误差小于1.6%,能够达到很好的拟合精度。     

新型刀具涂层Ti-Si-N复合膜的制备、性能及应用

现代金属切削对刀具有很高的技术要求,涂层刀具是20世纪70年代以后出现的一种新型刀具材料,是刀具发展中的一项重要突破.涂层刀具是在一些韧性较好的硬质合金或高速钢刀具基体上涂覆一层耐磨性高的难熔金属化合物而制成的,有效地解决了刀具材料的硬度、耐磨与强度、韧性之间的矛盾.     

一种燃料电池用高氧化稳定性的聚合物电解质(英文)

合成了一种磺化基在侧链上的聚芳醚。由于特殊单体结构的设计,磺化反应仅发生在聚合物的侧链上。这些磺化聚很容易溶于常见的有机溶剂,能够用溶液浇膜法制备光滑,坚韧的膜。通过Fentons试剂和沸水测试表明,这种膜具有高的抗水解性和抗氧化性。     

光接枝聚合制备双极膜的影响因素研究

以丙烯酸(AA)为接枝单体,二苯甲酮(BP)为主引发剂,二乙烯基苯(DVB)、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯(NPGDA)为交联剂,在均相阴离子交换膜表面,通过光接枝聚合得到聚丙烯酸型阳离子交换层,形成单片型双极膜结构.考察了光照时间、交联剂用量、引发剂浓度等对光接枝聚合反应的影响.不加交联剂时,单纯以BP为引发剂,接枝程度随反应时间延长而增加,但接枝程度低;交联剂的加入可明显的提高接枝程度,在反应时间为60s左右,接枝程度最大;NPGDA做交联剂时,接枝程度高于二乙烯基苯;以2,4,6-三甲苯甲酰基-二苯基氧化膦(TPO)为共引发剂,NPGDA用量为单体量的2.5%时,接枝程度最高,为30.1%.采用均聚型引发剂与接枝型引发剂(BP)复配,可提高接枝程度,但在浓度相同时接枝程度最低.     

赤魟软骨新生血管抑制组分的制备及其活性的初步研究

以赤魟软骨为原料,对赤魟软骨中新生血管抑制组分的提取方法及其生物学活性进行了初步研究。采用盐酸胍抽提、冷冻离心、透析、冷冻干燥等方法,得到分子量为3～300 kDa的活性组分,研究结果表明:赤魟软骨提取物显著地抑制了鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管的生成,并且抑制效果具有一定的浓度依赖性。     

Coherent thermal radiation in thin films and its application in the emissivity design of multilayer films

The infrared transmission spectra of a 0.54-μm-thick Ge film and a 20-μm-thick Si film were experimentally measured. As the incident radiation was in the wavelength range from 1.5μm to 10μm, the Ge film demonstrated a strongly spectral coherence. However, thermal radiation of the Ge film was found to be spatially incoherent due to its extreme thinness. The Si film exhibited significantly spectral and spatial coherence. The results confirmed that thermal radiation of a monolayer film could be coherent spectrally and spatially if the film thickness was comparable with the wavelength. The optical characteristic matrix method was applied to calculate the transmission spectra of the Si and Ge film, and the results agreed well with the measurements. This method was further used to analyze two multilayer films composed of five low emissive layers. Their emissivities were found to be highly emissive at a certain zenith angle, and the emissive peak could be controlled by careful selection of film thickness.     

膜振动Dirichlet问题的带权特征值上界估计

考虑膜振动Dirichlet问题的带权特征值上界估计，利用试验函数、分部积分以及不等式估计等方法，建立了用前n个特征值来估计第n＋1个特征值的上界估计，其估计系数与区域度量无关。这个结果在力学和物理学中有着广泛的应用。