过度训练对大鼠心肌线粒体MDA，SOD，GSH—Px，PLA2及Ca^2＋浓度的影响

为探讨过度训练状态下心肌组织损伤的变化规律,笔者采用过度训练大鼠模型,将40只大鼠随机分为训练对照组和过度训练组,分别进行8周的中等强度和大强度跑台训练,于第8周周末运动后处死全部大鼠,取心室肌测定线粒体丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、磷脂酶A：及Ca^2＋浓度．结果表明：过度训练状态下,大鼠心肌线粒体丙二醛含量、磷脂酶A2活性及Ca^2＋浓度显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶活性显著下降．过度训练后,大鼠心肌线粒体自由基产生增加,抗氧化能力下降,引起线粒体膜脂质过氧化水平增加,膜降解反应增强,从而导致大鼠心肌线粒体损伤和心肌组织的损伤．     

纳米蒙脱土/PAE/PLA复合材料制备及性能研究

聚乳酸(PLA)材料极易脆性断裂,为了提高其韧性,采用片状纳米级蒙脱土颗粒与医用级聚酰胺弹性体(PAE)对PLA进行共混改性。测试并分析了不同混合比例条件下复合材料的力学性能,并通过SEM、DSC对材料的性能进行表征。结果表明：所得到的三元复合材料具有优良的力学性能,其中当纳米蒙脱土含量为2.5%、PAE含量为10%、PLA含量为87.5%时,材料的韧性更好,综合力学性能最佳。纳米蒙脱土及PAE的含量对体系的分散形态均有影响：当纳米蒙脱土含量为2.5%时,其在聚合物中能够均匀分散,含量继续增加时易出现团聚现象;当纳米蒙脱土含量为2.5%、PAE含量为20%时,相与相之间界面较为模糊,形成了一定厚度的界面过渡层。纳米蒙脱土被引入聚合物体系后起到成核作用,提高了PLA的结晶度,从而有利于复合材料力学性能的提高。     

冷结晶对杨木纤维/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

采用杨木纤维与聚乳酸(PLA)粉末共混压制成一种新型生物质复合材料,以不同升温方式对纯PLA板材及其复合材料进行冷结晶,并通过示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、偏光显微镜(POM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和万能力学试验机等对其进行测试和表征。结果表明:通过冷结晶方法,纯PLA板材和复合材料的结晶度分别由6%和18.3%提高到50%左右,两者的密度和冲击强度没有发生明显变化; 但是复合材料弯曲强度和模量分别下降了约30%和16%,纯PLA板的弯曲强度也有一定程度的下降。通过SEM对复合材料微观结构进行表征,发现力学强度的下降是由于结晶后的PLA基体与木纤维之间的界面相容性变差造成的。通过POM观察冷结晶过程,发现纯PLA板及其复合材料形成大量的微小晶体,导致两者的透明性下降,因此,调控晶体结晶度有望成为改变PLA材料透明性能的新方法。     

聚己二酸乙二酯的合成及其与聚乳酸的共混研究

分别采用对甲苯磺酸与钛酸丁酯两种催化剂,通过缩聚反应制备了脂肪族聚酯——聚己二酸乙二酯(PEA)。研究了催化剂的种类和用量对PEA分子量的影响,考察了PEA样品对聚乳酸力学性能的改性效果。结果表明,两种催化剂用量相同时,钛酸丁酯的催化效率高;用钛酸丁酯做催化剂时,最佳用量为酸的摩尔量的1‰;用对甲苯磺酸做催化剂时,最佳用量为酸的摩尔量的5‰;不同分子量的PEA对PLA改性效果不同,采用较高分子量的PEA与聚乳酸(PLA)共混,在PEA含量达到10%之后,可以取得较好的改性效果。     

Preparation Process and Mechanical Properties of PLA/PCL Intravascular Stent

A hand-made biodegradable intravascular stent with zig- zag structure has been developed, which made from polylactic acid （ PLA ） braided thread and poly-eaprolactone （ PCL ） tube. This paper showed the preparation process of the PLA braded thread and stent, and discussed the heat setting process of the stents. The sixteen groups of stents were made for the heat setting experiments, discussing two factors on four levels. Radial compression behavior of stents was tested by plate compression method. The result showed that both the heat setting temperature and time had significant effects on stent compression strength. The compression recovery rate was mainly affected by heat setting temperature. The optimized heat setting condition should be 90-100℃ for 45 rain.     

Preparation and Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Nano-SiO2 Composite Master Batch with Good Thermal Properties

In order to improve the thermal properties of polylactic acid( PLA) master batch,the nano-SiO2 was applied to mixing with PLA. The structure and thermal properties of the composite master batches were studied. The results showed that the nano-SiO2 modified by 3% coupling agent KH-570 could be dispersed evenly in PLA in small scale. The thermal decomposition temperature of composite master batches increased by 6. 20-10. 80 ℃, the glass transition temperature increased by 0. 22-5. 16 ℃,and the heat enthalpy at the glass transition temperature increased by 0. 574-2. 437 J /g,compared with pure PLA. The composite master batch possessed superior thermal stability and heat resistance.     

MDI对聚氨酯／聚乳酸热塑性弹性体的增容作用

以生物材料聚乳酸（PLA）、聚氨酯（PU）弹性体为原料,4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）为增容剂,制备了共混型热塑性弹性体（PU／PLA TPV）;研究了MDI对PU／PLA TPV性能的影响。结果显示：MDI能明显提高PU／PLA TPV力学强度,当MDI用量为7份时（PU100,PLA60,DCP3,SA1,均为质量份）,PU／PLA TPV综合性能最佳;MDI可改善PU／PLA TPV耐热性能,并且提高PU的玻璃化转变温度;通过SEM观察,增加MDI用量,PU／PLA TPV试样的断面表现出“脆-韧”转变;通过FTIR分析,MDI上的异氰酸根与PLA的羟基能够发生化学键合反应,使PLA与PU之间的界面张力减小,PU与PLA的相容性提高。     

功能化聚乳酸大分子单体的合成与表征

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)为共引发剂引发消旋-丙交酯(D,L-LA)开环聚合,制备了末端双键功能化的聚乳酸大分子单体(MC),采用FT-IR、 1H NMR、GPC、拉伸强度和表面接触角测定等方法研究了大分子单体的结构与性能.结果表明,大分子单体中HEMA结构单元的含量与单体投料比中HEMA的含量基本一致;单体投料比对大分子单体的结构与性能有显著影响.     

Melt rheology of poly (lactic acid) plasticized by epoxidized soybean oil

This study investigated that epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was blended as plasticizer with poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and its effects on the melt rheological properties, such as melt flow index, apparent shear viscosity, and melt strength of the blends. PLA was blended by the twin-screw plastic extruder at five mass fractions: 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% (based on PLA mass). Melt flow index (MFI) was examined with a melt flow indexer. The results indicate that the blends of PLA/ESO had higher MFI than pure PLA, except for MFI at 9% reaching to the lowest point, even lower than that of pure PLA. Melt rheological properties were studied by a capillary rheometer in a temperature range of 160–180 °C. The blends ends exhibited shear-thinning behavior and the apparent shear viscosity was well described by the power law in this shear rate region. The melt strength of PLA plasticized with 6% ESO reached the maximums. ESO was more effective in increasing the melt strength at the mass fractions less than 6%, which could toughen the blends to some extent. Therefore, the authors suggested the optimum addition level of 6%–9% ESO will get good melt rheological performance balance. Biography: XU Yuqiong (1974–), female, Ph.D., research direction: polymer composites.