虾夷扇贝体内尼氏单孢子虫检测方法

为了解中国近海贝类受原生动物寄生虫--尼氏单孢子虫(Haplosporidium nelsoni)污染状况,利用显微镜观察、原位杂交方法(ISH)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法对2007年采集于大连大窑湾和长海县养殖区的虾夷扇贝样品进行尼氏单孢子虫检测,并比较了浮筏式和底播式养殖的虾夷扇贝中尼氏单孢子虫的检测结果.结果表明,在2007年2月大窑湾浮筏式养殖的成体虾夷扇贝体内检出尼氏单孢子虫;在2007年5～8月长海县浮筏式养殖的成体扇贝体内普遍检测出尼氏单孢子虫,而在其他月份的成体扇贝体内以及全年浮筏式养殖的扇贝幼苗和底播养殖的扇贝体内未检出尼氏单孢子虫.     

PCR-DGGE分析湿地植物根际土壤细菌群落实验条件优化

为了更好地利用PCR-DGGE技术分析湿地植物根际土壤样品的细菌多样性,选取3对通用引物,优化了PCR扩增16SrDNA的实验条件,并优化了DGGE的变性剂浓度梯度范围和电泳时间长度.结果显示：PCR时采用退火温度touch-down程序,能够提高扩增特异性.引物357f/518r和357f/907rM扩增靶序列的DGGE变性剂浓度梯度理想范围分别为50%～80%和40%～70%,最佳电泳时间长度分别为17h和14h.比较DGGE分析图谱的条带数以及Shannon多样性指数,357f/518r呈现的结果最好,357f/907rM次之.运用引物357f/518r和357f/907rM扩增靶序列的DGGE分析,能更全面地反映湿地植物根际土壤样品的细菌多样性.     

甘薯HXK基因的克隆、组织表达及生物信息分析

通过RT-PCR技术从甘薯的总RNA中克隆得到了全长的己糖激酶基因,测序结果表明HXK(hexokinase)基因编码区长1491bp,编码496个氨基酸,其翻译的蛋白质分子量为53.4kD,其氨基酸序列与其它已知高等植物HXK基因具有很高的同源性.构建了原核表达载体pET-HXK,经IPTG诱导后可表达获得相对分子量约为71kD的外源融合蛋白,与预测结果一致.并对HXK基因在不同组织中的转录水平进行了数字表达谱和荧光定量分析.     

一种简便有效的PCR扩增片段直接回收克隆方法

作者提供一种简便快速的克隆方法,即直接对琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离的PCR产物进行克隆,可获得较高的阳性克隆率.结果显示,300～700 bp大小的片段阳性克隆率为70.72%,300 bp以下和大于700 bp的片段阳性克隆率分别达到60.38%和45.33%.该方法适用于含有大量不同大小DNA片段的PCR产物并需要同时对其进行回收和克隆的样品,不仅可以大大简化实验过程,也可以降低假阳性出现的机会.     

Mechanism of the interaction between Au nanoparticles and polymerase in nanoparticle PCR

Nanoparticle PCR is a novel method to optimize DNA amplification. It performs well in improving specificity, enhancing sensitivity and speed. Several mechanisms were proposed in previous studies: one was based on the interaction between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA while the other was attributed to the heat transfer property of AuNPs. In this paper, we propose that the interaction between AuNPs and DNA polymerase can significantly influence PCR. First, the addition of DNA polymerase can eliminate the inhibitory effects of excess AuNPs. Second, the addition of AuNPs will increase yield of the desired PCR product and make the optimum concentration of DNA polymerase move to higher value. Third, while excess polymerase might inhibit amplification efficiency, AuNPs can reverse this process and the yield of PCR amplification. Based on these results we propose a possible mechanism that AuNPs might modulate the activity of polymerase and improve PCR amplification.     

应用PCR技术对DMD做基因诊断的研究

杜氏肌营养不良症，是致死性Ｘ链锁隐性遗传病。     

Real-time PCR的研究进展及其应用

本文综述了real-time PCR的原理、定量方法及其在各领域的应用。     

MGB probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNAl1778 mutation in the Chinese LHON patients by real-time PCR

Objective： Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON） is a maternally inherited degeneration of the optic nerve caused by point mutations of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA）. Many unsolved questions regarding the penetrance and pathophysiological mechanism of LHON demand efficient and reliable mutation testing. This study aims to develop a minor groove binder （MGB） probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNA11778 mutation and heteroplasmy in Chinese LHON patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Methods： Forty-eight patients suspected of having LHON and their maternal relatives underwent a molecular genetic evaluation, with 20 normal individuals as a control group at the same time. A real-time PCR involving two MGB probes was used to detect the mtDNA 1 1778 mutation and heteroplasmy. A linear standard curve was obtained by pUCmLHONG and pUCmLHONA clones. Results： All 48 LHON patients and their maternal relatives were positive for rntDNA11778 mutation in our assay, 27 heteroplasmic and 21 homoplasmic. Eighteen cases did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 9 developed the disease among the 27 heteroplasmic mutation cases. Eleven did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 10 cases developed the disease among 21 homoplasmic mutation cases. There was a significant difference in the incidence between the heteroplasmic and the homoplasmic mutation types. The time needed for running a real-time PCR assay was only 80 min. Conclusion： This real-time PCR assay is a rapid, reliable method for mtDNA mutation detection as well as heteroplasmy quantification. Detecting this ratio is very important for predicting phenotypic expression of unaffected carriers.     

JAK2基因单倍型46/1对中国人群骨髓增殖性肿瘤易感性的影响

从91例骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPNs)患者及1 028例健康志愿者(均为中国人)外周血中提取基因组DNA,应用等位基因特异性PCR(ASP)技术,检测作为蛋白质酪氨酸激酶JAK2单倍型46/1标签的rs12343867和rs10974944位点的基因型,并结合临床资料,应用SNPstats软件进行统计学分析.实验结果表明:MPNs患者JAK2单倍型46/1出现的几率明显高于健康志愿者(P0.000 1);MPNs患者的JAK2单倍型46/1更易在JAK2V617F突变阳性MPNs患者(n=70)中出现(P0.000 1);具有JAK2单倍型46/1的中国人群患MPNs的风险增加显著,该结果与测试欧美人群的结果一致.