3D virtual reconstruction of the Pleistocene cheetah skull from the Tangshan, Nanjing, China

The development of computer tomography and image processing has made it possible to establish virtual 3D reconstruction and non-invasive dissection of fossil specimens. We used these methods to reconstruct a virtual 3D skull of a Pleistocene cheetah skull from the Tuozi cave, Tangshan, Nanjing, and virtually dissected it for anatomic studies, and measured the volumes of different parts of the endocranium. The endocranium of the cheetah skull has showed that its frontal sinus is beehive-like, the frontal lobe of cerebra is relatively large but the temporal lobe is relatively small, its cerebral sulcus and gyrus are more complicated than those of the domestic cat, similar to those of the domestic dog, but simpler than those of giant panda, pig, cattle and horse. The technology of virtual 3D reconstruction and non-invasive dissection of fossil specimens can extend the morphological study from the exterior to the interior, and it can also help to study fragile specimens and virtually backup rare and precious specimens.     

原位聚合/原位增容法制备PPO/PPO-g-PA6/PA6共混物的动力学研究

通过原位聚合与原位增容同步实施的方法制备PPO/PPO-g-PA6/PA6纳米共混物.在此基础上,对PPO介质中己内酰胺（CL）的聚合动力学的各种影响因素进行探讨.发现引发剂含量、小分子活化剂含量以及大分子活化剂活性点数目对聚合反应速度是有利于CL聚合的正效应,而PPO含量增加,使体系黏度增大,对CL聚合反应速度是不利于CL聚合的负效应.大分子活化剂的存在影响中后期的聚合反应速度.     

Magnetic resonance imaging based volumetry:a primary approach to unravelling the brain

Magnetic resonance(MR)imaging based volumetry is recognized as an important technique for studying the brain.In this review,two principle volumetric methods using high resolution MR images were introduced,namely the Cavalieri method and the voxel based morphometry(VBM).The Cavalieri method represents a manual technique that allows the volume of brain structures to be estimated efficiently with no systematic error or sampling bias,whereby the VBM represents an automated image analysis which involves the use of statistical parametric mapping of the MR imaging data.Both methods have been refined and applied extensively in recent neuro- science research.The present paper aims to describe the development of methodologies and also to update the knowledge of their applica- tions in studying the normal and diseased brain.     

二维椭圆形介质柱光子晶体的负折射成像特性

本文利用时域有限差分方法研究了由椭圆形介质柱组成的二维正方晶格光子晶体平板的负折射成像特性.研究表明对于光子晶体第二个能带中的特定频率区域,靠近晶体平板放置的点光源可以经过矩形光子晶体在另一侧形成一个高质量的实像,并且可以实现有效折射率为-1的负折射现象.     

PVC/低熔点尼龙6共混物力学性能的研究

采用(苯乙烯/马来酸酐)无规共聚物(R-SMA)为增容剂制备低熔点尼龙6(uPA6)与PVC共混材料,研究了SMA和uPA6的加入量对PVC/uPA6共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明,SMA是PVC/uPA6体系的有效增容剂,SMA的加入能使uPA6在PVC中的分散相尺寸降低,大幅度提高PVC/uPA6的力学性能。     

基于声线跟踪法的稳态声场空间分布计算

使用一种新的声线跟踪模型来预测稳态声场的能量分布,声场空间分布能通过一次仿真就得到预测并成像.接收球在这种方法中没有被使用,因为预测的目标不是一个点而是整个三维空间.首先建立一个三维的能量数组以模拟整个声空间,该数组的行数,列数和层数分别与声空间的宽,长和高成正比.能量数组中的每一个元素被用于记录声空间中某一个小立方体的声强,而该元素在数组中的位置与该立方体在声空间中的位置相同.每根声线的传播路径都被跟踪,其传播路径将被离散化为一系列均匀分布而又密集的节点,每个节点的坐标都被计算出来以找到能量数组中位置相同的元素,该节点的声强将被记录在它所对应的数组元素中.当全部声线都被跟踪完毕时,声强空间分布就已经建立在能量数组中了.某一个平面内或某一条线上的声强级和声压级分布都可以直接根据能量数组中的值计算出来并成像.在进行的实验中对稳态声场的声压级进行测量和预测,发现预测结果与实验结果吻合很好,因此这种新的声线跟踪模型的有效性得到证明.     

抗反射层结构平板声子晶体棱镜成像

采用数值模拟的方法，分析了抗反射层结构对平板声子晶体棱镜的透射压力场分布及成像的影响．分析发现：利用抗反射层结构可以减小棱镜界面的反射，提高成像质量，从而增强其实用性．该结论对声子晶体功能器件的实际应用具有一定的指导意义．     

粘弹性介质地震波聚焦成像技术

在复杂地质条件和深层油气资源的勘探中，基于声波方程的常规地震勘探技术的局限性日益突出．作者在以大地介质为粘弹性介质的前提假设下，推导出基于三阶波动方程的波场外推公式，分析了上行波随传播距离的增加而逐步丢失其高频成分的原因．并以小波分析为工具，提出了粘弹性介质地震波聚焦成像技术．这种方法不同于Bleistein的线性化方法，是通过1个虚拟的中间波场用多尺度方法去重建真实的地下波场，进而成像．同时，利用小波分析的时频局部性特征和优良的去噪功能，提高了成像的质量．通过用常规的处理技术和聚焦成像技术对塔里木盆地实际地震资料进行对比实验，结果表明采用新方法取得了较理想的成像效果，能够较好地解决沙漠、戈壁等厚低速层覆盖下的地震勘探高品质成像问题．     

Nonlinear RCMC method for spaceborne/airborne forward-looking bistatic SAR

In the spaceborne/airborne forward-looking bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SA-FBSAR),due to the system platforms’ remarkable velocity difference and the forward-looking mode,the range cell migration (RCM) not only depends on the target’s twodimensional location,but also varies with the range location nonlinearly.And the nonlinearity is not just the slight deviation from the linear part,but exhibits evident nonlinear departure in the RCM trajectory.If the RCM is not properly corrected,nonlinear image distortions would occur.Based on the RCM model,a modified two-step RCM compensation (RCMC) method for SA-FBSAR is proposed.In this method,firstly the azimuth-dependent RCM is compensated by the scaling Fourier transform and the phase multiplication.And then the range-dependent RCM is removed through interpolation.The effectiveness of the proposed RCMC method is verified by the simulation results of both point scatterers and area targets.     

高密度电阻率成像探测法在地质超前预报中的应用

通过大理至丽江线松桂2号隧道地质超前预报的实例，介绍了高密度电阻率成像探测法在地质超前预报中的成功运用。