脱脂棉富集分光光度法测定痕量铜

研究了在表面活性剂Tween-80存在下,Cu(Ⅱ)-PAN-碘化物体系显色反应,其λmax=550 nm处,ε550=6.15×104L@mol-1@cm-1,铜含量在0～14 μg/25 mL范围内符合比耳定律.为了提高体系的选择性,本文提出了用脱脂棉富集铜的方法,简便、快速,用于江水、河水、人发及茶叶的测定,回收率为91%～103%,结果满意.     

定语形容词语义指向的顺应—优选过程分析——基于词汇语用学的视角

关联—优选模式采用生产和评估作为理解的两个阶段,而顺应—优选模式的运作机制则由评估和选择构成。在词汇语用学视角下,在定语形容词逆向修饰的顺应—优选过程中,词语编码的形容词属性概念的外延先被扩大,生成一个外延较大的过渡性实体概念,继而该过渡性实体概念的外延又被缩小到与人相关的某一个方面,最终被构建成表达说话人思想的逆向修饰结构。语用充实和语用强化作为词汇语用处理过程中的评估手段,对各项制约条件进行评估,而此间涉及的语用选择调整过程则非语用收缩或语用扩充所能涵盖。     

Applications of M/N/C analogue catalysts in PEM fuel cells and metal-air/oxygen batteries: Status quo,challenges and perspectives

To meet the sharp increase in demand for clean and renewable energy, it is necessary to develop new energy-conversion and storage technologies, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and metal-air/oxygen batteries (MABs). Due to the sluggish reaction kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the cathodes of PEMFCs and MABs, significant amounts of precious metal catalysts need to be used, driving up the cost of fuel cells and MABs and thereby hindering their commercialization on a large scale. Transition metal and nitrogen co-doped carbonaceous catalysts (M/N/C) have high catalytic activity towards the ORR and OER once the catalysts are modified with certain promoters/additives. In addition, M/N/C catalysts can be prepared from abundant, inexpensive materials, making their cost negligible compared with precious metal catalysts, a development that would efficiently decrease the cost of PEMFCs and MABs. In last decade, numerous researchers have attempted to realize these applications of M/N/C catalysts, and some exciting results have been achieved, making these promising replacements for precious metal catalysts. However, some serious problems and significant challenges remain. In this paper, we review the research on the application of M/N/C analogue catalysts in PEMFCs and MABs in the last 10 years, indicate the remaining challenges, and suggest the future research directions.     

中国人钢琴文化产品消费理念的探讨

随着钢琴文化产业的发展,有越来越多的钢琴文化产品投入到大众中来。近些年中国人对钢琴文化产品的消费更重视也更为普及。建立科学理性的消费观,加快文化产业发展步伐,才能让我们更好地使用钢琴文化产品。     

Biotemplated fabrication of hierarchical mesoporous CeO2 derived from diatom and its application for catalytic oxidation of CO

Hierarchically hollow nanostructures have been the focus of numerous studies due to their prominent physicochemical properties that differ significantly from bulk materials and their potential for extensive applications. We present a novel diatom-based scaffold for the synthesis of hierarchically biomorphic CeO2 with special porous structure via incorporating Ce ions into the frustule. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measure- ments were adopted to characterize the products. Owing to its unique hierarchical structure and periodic meso-macro scale features, the obtained CeO2 exhibits high catalytic activity in CO oxidation. This facile strategy may design a new way towards replicating desired biological structures for metal oxide catalyst in other potential applications.     

渤海湾盆地潜山油气富集特征与主控因素

以渤海湾盆地潜山油气勘探实践为基础,综合前人研究成果,系统对比分析不同凹(坳)陷潜山油气成藏条件、油气富集差异性,并探讨其主要控制因素。研究表明:前古近纪构造演化造就了Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型三类基底,新生代构造差异演化形成了早期型、继承型和晚期型三类凹陷,凹陷演化的差异性控制了烃源岩层系由盆地外围早期型凹陷到中心晚期型凹陷逐步变浅,由Ⅰ类基底向Ⅲ类基底,优质储层规模逐渐减小,输导条件逐步变差;潜山油气的宏观分布受前古近纪与新生代演化共同控制,主要富集在Ⅰ、Ⅱ类基底与继承型、早期型耦合的富油气凹陷中;潜山油气的富集程度受凹陷的富油气性、烃源岩层系、优质储层发育规模以及供油窗口等综合因素控制;对不同成藏条件进行定量化,建立潜山油气藏形成的"源-储-导"三元耦合控藏模式,储集条件为首要控制因素。     

基因功能预测的整合算法及其在结核分枝杆菌基因表达谱分析中的应用

基因功能预测是后基因组时代生物信息学领域的重要课题.生物学机理的阐释需要准确的基因功能的信息,但目前还缺少大规模测定基因功能的实验手段,这使得运用计算方法对基因功能进行预测显得尤为重要,对这些算法的效率和准确性要求也越来越高.在本项研究中开发了一种新的整合算法,将3种比较典型的基于蛋白质序列预测基因功能的算法GOtcha、PFP和conFunc整合起来,并将其应用于结核分枝杆菌的全基因组功能预测中.预测结果通过不同的角度得到了验证,结果表明该整合方法不仅使得基于序列进行基因功能预测的算法可以达到较高的准确度,而且较原来3种方法大幅度提升了预测的性能.另外,预测结果也被用于分析结核分枝杆菌受到卷曲霉素处理前后的基因表达谱,功能富集分析揭示了卷曲霉素新的可能的抗菌作用机制,从而显示出基因功能预测重要的潜在应用价值.     

不同精制法松树木醋液中生物活性组分的富集

采用GC-MS分析法研究了3种精制法所得木醋液对小兴安岭松树木醋液中主要生物活性组分羧酸和酚类的富集,包括物理静置法所得原松木醋液、蒸馏法所得松木醋液和膜过滤法所得松木醋液。结果表明,3种精制方法中,蒸馏法和膜过滤法都可以进一步去除原木醋液中的有色有害大分子,使颜色变浅。蒸馏法松木醋液有利于木醋液中乙酸等羧酸的富集;膜过滤法松木醋液有利于对苯酚和愈创木酚等酚类的富集,且对羧酸和酚类总的生物活性成分的富集较有优势。     

南极-艾肯盆地Th异常的富集特征和机理

遥感探测表明月表Th元素分布存在全球不均衡性,形成分别以雨海-风暴洋和南极-艾肯（SPA）盆地为中心的Th异常区.研究认为雨海-风暴洋的Th主要来源于对其下覆KREEP物质的开掘,但对SPA盆地的Th来源有各种不同的认识.本文通过对SPA盆地的地形、盆地构造、撞击坑分布、火山作用和地球化学特征的分析,以及对Th富集机理的探讨,认为SPA盆地内Th更可能来源于撞击作用对富Th下月壳物质的开掘;Th的弧形富集特征与盆地构造有很大相关性,并可能受到Apollo盆地形成的影响.