夏枯草规范化种植正交试验及栽培技术研究

采用正交试验,分析不同播种期(B1、B2、B3)和不同施肥方式(F0、F1、F2)对3种不同夏枯草品种(湖北蕲春品种,Q;江西樟树品种,J;河南确山品种,H)的产量和品质的影响,确定适合蕲春地区的品种及规范化栽培技术。结果表明:在施肥方式F2中,(1)在B1期,品种Q的鲜果球重、有效果球总数和干果球重都高于J和H品种(P﹤0.05),而迷迭香酸含量在3个品种中基本一致(0.36%以上),表明品种Q在B1期表现最佳;(2)在B2期,品种H的鲜果球重、有效果球总数和干果球重都高于其他2个品种(Q和J)(P﹤0.05),表明H品种在B2期表现较好;(3)在B3期,3个品种所有参数差异均无统计学意义。在施肥方式F1和F0中,3个品种的迷迭香酸含量在不同播期总体低于F2施肥方式。综合评价表明,品种Q为优先培育品种,其播种期为B1期,施肥方式为F2,而品种H可适度种植。     

钙泊三醇软膏治疗寻常型银屑病的组织病理改变

目的：观察钙泊三醇软膏治疗寻常型银屑病的组织病理改变，并评价其疗效。方法：对60例寻常型银屑病患，应用质量分数为0．005％钙泊三醇软膏，每日2次，局部涂用，治疗前60例均经皮损活检确诊，治疗后6周对8例又进行了组织病理学复查，对比治疗前后组织病理的变化。结果：治疗前60例均有典型的寻常型银屑病组织病理改变，8例患治疗6周后复查，典型的银屑病组织病理变化基本消失，恢复到大致正常皮肤组织结构。结论：钙泊三醇软膏能有效改善银屑病患皮肤组织病理变化，促进皮损区病变消失，是目前治疗银屑病较理想的外用药物之一。     

小球藻与2株藻际异养细菌相互作用的研究

探讨了2株海洋细菌Z-QD08、Z-QS01与小球藻的相互作用关系.Z-QS01抑制小球藻的生长,低密度Z-QD08促进小球藻的生长,达到107cells/mL时小球藻受到抑制,Z-QS01优势组对生长初期的小球藻有抑制作用.Z-QD08优势组和等量混合组则促进小球藻的生长,生长后期均促进小球藻的生长且Z-QD08占优势.对数期的小球藻抑制Z-QS01的生长(p<0.05),对Z-QD08有促进作用;混合培养体系中小球藻选择性抑制Z-QS01.实验结果可为生态调控防病技术在海水养殖中的应用以及发展微生态制剂提供理论支持.     

Octopus mimicking its follower reef fish

We describe a possible example of social mimicry between Octopus insularis and the small grouper Cephalopholis fulva, which frequently associate during foraging at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. The octopus, when swimming backwards, jet‐propelled, becomes similar in colour and shape to accompanying C. fulva individuals and is therefore less conspicuous within the fish group. We regard this as an instance of social mimicry, a form of protection against visually‐oriented predators in which different species similar in shape and colour mingle for the advantage of grouping. Even when swimming backwards alone, O. insularis may become similar to foraging C. fulva individuals, another putatively protective behaviour. We suggest that the feeding association commonly found between O. insularis and C. fulva minimized the evolutionary costs for the origin of mimicking by the octopus.     

Enhanced expression of antifreeze protein genes drives the development of freeze tolerance in an Antarctica isolate of Chlorella vulgaris

eze tolerance of the Antarctica isolate.     

The performance of the octopus circulatory system: A triumph of engineering over design

Summary Despite the very considerable difficulties presented by the basic molluscan anatomy and the possession of a blood pigment with an oxygen carrying capacity that never exceeds 4.5 vols%, the cephalopod circulatory system contrives to deliver oxygen at a rate fully comparable with that of an active fish. This is achieved by adding accessory pumps to push blood through the gills, by a multiplicity of pulsatile veins and by raising the systemic blood pressure considerably above the levels found in other molluscs. Detailed control of blood distribution is a necessity in a system where the peripheral resistences may be expected to change dramatically when the animal starts to move and large parts of the central nervous system are apparently dedicated to this task. In this account we have reviewed blood pressure and flow at rest and in exercise. We have further examined the evidence which indicates how the animals modulate the cardiac output, drawing attention to the very different response found in cephalopods and the higher vertebrates.     

The neurosecretory system of the octopus vena cava: A neurohemal organ

Summary Endings of about two million small neurones form a voluminous neuropil inside the vena cava of cephalopods, in direct contact with the blood. These nerve endings are filled with masses of typical neurosecretory granules. By immunocytochemistry we could distinguish three different populations of secretory endings in the vena cava neuropil ofOctopus vulgaris: 1) a population of endings which were immunoreactive with antibodies against the pentapeptide proctolin; 2) a population with oxytocin/vasopressin- and neurophysin-like immunoreactivity; 3) a population immunoreactive with antibodies which were raised against the molluscan cardioexcitatory peptide Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-amide, against -melanotropin, and against atriopeptin. Extracts of the octopus vena cava stimulated amplitude and frequency of the isolated octopus heart preparation. Similar effects were exerted by peptides with the C-terminal structure-Arg-Phe-amide. Recently, we could isolate and identify in vena cava extracts four peptides; Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-amide, Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide, Ala-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide and Thr-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide. Other peptides have not yet been identified. The fact that the peptides against which the immunoreactive antibodies were raised affected, in different organisms, blood volume, blood pressure, renal function and heart contraction suggests that one of the main functions of the neurosecretory system of the vena cava is a hormonal control of circulation.     

川蔓藻水浸提液的克藻效应与机理

采用普通小球藻在不同浓度的川蔓藻水浸提液中纯培养的方法，研究了川蔓藻对普通小球藻的克藻效应与机理、结果显示，川蔓藻的水浸提液对普通小球藻的抑制作用显著并具有浓度效应、96h的抑制率与浸提液浓度的对数线性相关．半抑制浓度（IC50）为6．332g（dw）／L．川蔓藻的水浸提液使藻细胞内丙二醛的含量急剧增高，并显鲁改变了藻细胞外可溶性蛋白和多糖的比值、透射电镜观察显示，川蔓藻的水浸提液主要损伤藻细胞的膜系统,川蔓藻水浸提液对普通小球藻的抑制机理为：损坏藻细胞的膜系统和改变胞外聚合物的含量，从而增加小球藻表面的疏水性，最终藻细胞絮凝沉降死亡.     

甜菜高分子量核DNA的分离

研究了从甜菜中分离高分子量核DNA的方法．利用离心分离细胞核，经低融点琼脂糖块包埋、蛋白酶K原位裂解，结合低融点琼脂糖脉冲电泳去除淀粉制备高分子量核DNA．结果表明利用幼叶制备高分子量核DNA分子量高，更容易去除其中的淀粉；并且利用该方法得到的高分子量核DNA纯度高，适于部分酶切．     

盐胁迫对芸豆体内可溶性糖含量的影响

文章讨论了单盐(Na^ )条件下，芸豆根和叶中可溶性糖的含量变化情况．为进一步研究单盐毒害对植物的生理影响提供依据．实验得到，不同盐浓度对芸豆根和叶中可溶性糖的含量有不同影响．叶中的可溶性糖含量在受到50mmol／L和100mmol／L浓度NaCl胁迫时，随盐浓度增长而呈上升趋势，而在175mmol／L时出现下降趋势；根中的可溶性糖在50mmol／L NaCl胁迫时出现上升趋势，而在100mmol／L，175mmol／L NaCl胁迫时随盐浓度升高，出现下降趋势．