水葫芦提取植物蛋白废液培养小球藻初步研究

为提高小球藻培养的经济效益和高效资源化综合利用水葫芦,初步研究了水葫芦提取植物蛋白废液对小球藻生长、叶绿素和蛋白质含量的影响。研究结果表明,光照条件下,培养藻液中添加不超过6%体积的水葫芦废液,小球藻的生长速度及藻体叶绿素和蛋白质含量均随废液添加量的增加而提高,即使培养藻液中不添加任何营养元素而只添加1%～6%体积的废液,小球藻的生长速度及藻体叶绿素和蛋白质含量即可达到和超过基础营养液培养组的小球藻,说明水葫芦提取植物蛋白的废液可极大地提高小球藻培养的经济效益,甚至可完全替代营养盐的添加;但在无光条件下,添加废液对小球藻生长无效,说明未经处理的水葫芦废液尚不能作为小球藻异养培养的营养源。     

Phylogeography of the Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris orientis) on the boreal island of Hokkaido,Japan

To test postglacial population expansion in small arboreal mammals dependent on boreal and subboreal forests, we used complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bases) to investigate the phylogeography of the Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris orientis) on the Hokkaido Island of Japan. This subspecies is common in the boreal and subboreal forests of Hokkaido. We examined 61 specimens from 27 localities in Hokkaido. Phylogenetic relationships among 29 haplotypes found in the Hokkaido populations were not associated with geographic distribution of sampling localities. There were four mitochondrial DNA phylogroups. Phylogeographic analyses support sudden expansion of S. vulgaris orientis from restricted refugium in the southern part of Hokkaido during the last glacial period. The phylogeographic structure of this subspecies directly reflects the boreal and subboreal forest dynamics occurring in Hokkaido.     

蛸类养殖生物学研究现状及展望

对蛸类养殖生物学的研究现状进行了综合论述，系统地阐述了蛸类生态习性、繁殖生物学、养成以及加工和市场前景，并对发展前景和方向进行了分析．     

变形杆菌引起实验小鼠菌血症成批死亡报告

本实验通过小鼠心血细菌培养，系统生化鉴定，药物敏感试验，及毒力试验对一组试验小鼠成批死亡原因进行了分析。结果证实：本组小鼠死亡原因是由普通变形杆菌引起的菌血症而致。提示：虽然变形杆菌为条件致病菌，在环境中广泛存在，但在特殊情况下，可以造成小鼠菌血症，导致其成批死亡。     

单冻熟切块章鱼加工工艺研究

报告了单冻熟切块章鱼的加工工艺，以新鲜章鱼为原料，经盐擦，切块，蒸煮，单冻等工序制成的单冻熟切块章鱼，其风味，口感均与新鲜章鱼熟制后即食时相似，且在－18℃冷藏下，保质期可达一年。     

微量元素铁对3种水华藻类生长的影响

在温度为25℃,光照强度为2500lx,光暗比为14h∶10h的实验室条件下,研究微量元素铁对3种水华藻类(铜绿微囊藻、小球藻和小环藻)生长的影响.结果表明:当其他营养盐富足时,培养液中的微量元素铁对3种水华藻类的生长均有显著的影响.在培养中期,较高的铁浓度对细胞密度和叶绿素a质量浓度均有明显的促进作用;在培养20d后,当培养液中的铁浓度分别低至0.19~0.24、0.22~0.47和0.15~0.16mg·L~(-1)时,铜绿微囊藻、小球藻和小环藻细胞增殖缓慢.因此,有效调节微量元素铁的浓度也会影响到自然水体中藻类的生长.     

艾蒿化学成分研究

将干燥艾蒿用无水乙醇浸泡提取,提取液浓缩后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,制得石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取物,从两种萃取物中分离得到7种单一化合物,分别鉴定为:正十八酸(1),α-菠甾醇(2),β-谷甾醇(3)、水杨酸(4),7-羟基香豆素(5),对羟基苯丙醇(6),3α-羟基-1(10),4(5),11(13)-吉马三烯-12,6-内酯(7),其中化合物1,4,6,7为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Introduction of AtNHX1 into beet improved salt-tolerance of transgenic plants

AtNHX1 gene encoding the Na ^＋/H ^＋ antiport on the vacuole membrane of Arabidopsis was transferred into small bud tips of 1-3mm in length derived from immature inflorescence cultures of six genotypes of beet （ Beta vulgaris L. ） by the infection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and transgenic plants with improved salt-tolerance were obtained. When transgenic plants at 5-leaf stage were potted in sand and irrigated with solutions containing a range of concentrations of NaCl （171-513mM）, they showed minor symptoms of damage from salinity and better tolerance than the controls. There were considerable discrepancies of salt-tolerance between transgenic plants originated from the same genotype and also between different genotypes. After vernalization, bolting transgenic plants were enveloped with two layers of gauzes for self-pollination. T1 seedlings tolerant to 342-427mM NaCl were obtained respectively. These results revealed that it was feasible to improve salt-tolerance of beets by the introduction of AtNHX1 gene into cultured bud cells.     

微射流处理对芸豆蛋白构象和功能特性的影响

采用高压微射流纳米均质机处理芸豆分离蛋白, 探讨了不同压力微射流处理对芸豆蛋白构象和功能特性的影响. 结果表明: 微射流处理诱导不溶性蛋白聚合物解聚, 增加蛋白质的溶解度,改善蛋白的乳化活性指数; 圆二色光谱和荧光光谱分析表明微射流处理对蛋白质构象在二级和三级结构水平没有明显的影响, 热分析表明蛋白热稳定性和有序结构均未受到明显的影响.