功能薄膜材料的环境协调性制备技术研究进展

在对环境协调性制备技术进行了概述的基础上,对目前最有希望的几种功能薄膜材料环境协调性制备技术分别进行了介绍,特别重点介绍了软溶液工艺技术的优势和发展趋势。针对上述功能薄膜材料的环境协调性制备技术的不足之处,对今后的发展方向提出了展望。     

阳极氧化法制备Ba1-x-yCaxSryMoO4固溶体薄膜

室温条件下,在碱性的Ca^2＋、Sr^2＋、Ba^2＋溶液中,通过电化学阳极氧化制备了Ba1-x-yCaxSryMoO4多晶固溶体薄膜材料.采用XRD、SEM、XPS、FA（荧光分析）等测试手段分析了薄膜的晶相结构、表面形貌、化学组成及室温光致发光特性.研究表明室温阳极氧化法所制备的Ba1-x-yCaxSryMoO4固溶体薄膜具有四方晶结构,在紫外光的激发下,有较好的光致发光特性.     

X射线荧光光谱法用于CIGS薄膜太阳电池中吸收层的定量分析

介绍了X荧光薄膜分析法测试CIGS薄膜太阳电池中吸收层的4种元素的比例,并对其进行了分析和研究,此方法测量速度快,精确度高,对于制备高效率的CIGS太阳电池具有重要的指导意义。     

Ag膜的取向测定

利用不对称布拉格反射STD（sample tilting diffraction）扫描模式与常规CBD（conventional Bragg diffraction）扫描模式,确定Ag膜的结构及取向。     

高频交流电晕等离子体降解农用地膜的特性研究

地膜的使用为农业发展带来了极大的便利,但大量的残膜同时也造成了极为严重的白色污染,而目前针对残膜的降解处理研究又极为缺乏。低温等离子体降解技术作为一种高效、绿色的污染物处理方法,可以通过在反应空间生成大量高能电子和活性物质对污染物进行降解。本文首先采用高频交流针板电晕放电结构,针对电极结构进行优化设计,提高反应空间内的电场强度的电子密度。然后通过电晕等离子体降解技术对地膜进行处理,最后对比了不同的放电功率、空气湿度、针膜间距、放电间距对地膜降解的影响效果。研究结果表明,针尖的形状和针针之间的距离会对电子密度和电场强度造成不同程度的影响,当针尖斜率为3.33,针针间距为12mm时,电子密度和电场强度最大,分别为1.55×1013m-3和1.2×106V/m;放电功率的增大会导致空间内能量密度的提高,从而提高空间内高能电子和活性物质的产生效率,提高地膜的降解效率,当输入功率为64W时降解效率达到0.96%,但能量效率会随着输入功率的升高先增大后减小,当输入功率为56W达到最佳能量效率为34.29(μg/w·h);空气湿度的增加不仅会导致放电形态发生变化出现稳定的微放电,也会提升活性物质的产生效率,当空气湿度达到70%RH时,地膜降解效率提升1.04倍;地膜与针尖的之间的距离也会导致稳定的微放电产生,将降解效率由0.43%提升至1.02%;此外,针板电极的间距也会对降解效率产生影响,当放电间距为15mm时可以达到最佳的等离子体的辐射范围和辐射强度,使降解效率和能量效率均达到最大,与仿真条件一致,分别为2.3%和68.18(μg/w·h)。     

超级电容器RuO_2·nH_2O电极材料的热处理工艺

以RuCl_3·3H_2O水溶液为电沉积液,采用直流一示差脉冲组合电沉积技术制备超级电容器用钽基RuO_2·nH_2O薄膜阴极材料.借助扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和电化学分析仪,研究RuO_2·nH_2O薄膜的微观形貌、物相结构、循环伏安和充放电性能.实验结果表明:RuCl_3H_2O先驱体经热处理后转变成RuO_2·nH_2O薄膜,呈不定形结构时能获得较大的比电容;随着热处理温度的升高,薄膜材料的附着力提高,RuO_2·nH_2O薄膜由不定形结构向晶体结构转变,随之薄膜的比电容下降;在300℃热处理的RuO_2·nH_2O薄膜电极材料,其比电容为466 F/g,薄膜与钽基体的附着力为11.3 MPa,薄膜的单位面积质量为2.5 mg/cm~2,1 000次充放电循环后比电容为循环前的93.1%.     

氧化硅基底负载TiO2薄膜的制备及其光催化应用研究

以钛酸丁酯为钛源，乙酰丙酮和冰醋酸为水解抑制剂，聚乙二醇为致孔剂，制备了一种稳定的TiO₂水溶胶。采用浸渍提拉法将TiO₂溶胶负载到活化的载玻片上，再经180℃水热或500℃煅烧得到TiO₂薄膜催化剂。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线晶体衍射（XRD）和Raman光谱等分析手段对样品进行了表征，结果表明：TiO₂薄膜是由粒径为8~12 nm的球形颗粒组成的多孔结构，其晶型为结晶度良好的锐钛矿。以甲基橙为光降解物，在紫外灯下测试薄膜的光催化性能，结果显示煅烧处理的TiO₂薄膜催化剂的光催化活性优于水热处理，对低浓度甲基橙的降解效率达90%以上，并且多次重复使用后光催化活性基本保持不变。     

Magnetoresistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions

The magnetoresistance and I-V characteristics at different temperatures of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions of variable width (from 20 to 250 nm) and 10 nm thicknesses, fabricated by electron beam lithography and vacuum thin film deposition are compared. The magnetoresistance and resistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions are not related to the width of the nanoconstrictions. Instead the resistance of the local nano-region in the middle of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstriction has only a minor role compared to that of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes, which contribute the majority of the measured resistance. The magnetoresistances of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions and a 0.2 cm × 0.8 cm thin ferromagnetic film deposited under the same conditions were also compared; the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions have higher magnetoresistances than the thin ferromagnetic film, which implies that the measured magnetoresistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions comes mainly from the local nano-region in their centers. In conclusion, the measured magnetoresistance of the whole sample is similar to the anisotropic magnetoresistance, because the resistance of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes is much higher than that of the local nano-region in the middle of the samples. Comparing the experimental results for the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions and the thin ferromagnetic film reveals that the magnetoresistance of the local nano-region in the middle of the sample is much higher than that of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes attached to it.     

中国三维动画电影与动画设计师

随着计算机软、硬件的不断发展,三维动画电影,作为艺术与技术的高度结合体,逐渐成为动画领域的新型产物,备受动画设计师们的高度关注.通过阐述中国三维动画电影的本质特征,并对其现状进行深入分析,找出它与动画设计师的关系所在,并针对存在的问题,提出几点提高动画设计师综合技能的建设性的思考.     

Biomimetic fluorapatite films for conservation of historic calcareous stones

Fluorapatite protective films were prepared on marble substrates using a biomimetic method. By mimicking the mineralization mechanism of enamel, phosphorus and fluorine were introduced on the surface of the marble substrate. In the presence of a biological template, namely collagen, an integrated fluorapatite film was produced and the marble substrate was entirely covered. The prepared fluorapatite films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The performances of the fluorapatite films were evaluated by color changes, capillary water absorption, and acid resistance tests. The results revealed that the fluorapatite films had good compatibility with the marble substrate; the physical properties such as color and capillary water adsorption of the marble substrates were unchanged. The fluorapatite films also had good acid resistance and were stable even in heavy acid rain.