有机发光材料研究进展

简述了有机发光材料的发光原理、发光性能及特点,综述了有机小分子、共轭聚合物及金属配合物发光材料的国内外研究现状及应用前景。重点讨论了金属配合物发光材料的特点及展望。     

4—氨基—三氮唑树脂对贵金属吸附性能的研究

本文测定了４－氨基三氮唑树脂在盐酸介质中吸附贵金属的吸附容量,吸附白分率及吸附速率,以及酸度,温度等因素对吸附行为的影响,结果表明,随着ＨＣｌ浓度的增加,吸附率下降,温度升高,吸附分配比上升,树脂吸附贵金属的过程为吸热反应,在本实验范围内,树脂吸附贵金属遵循Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ吸附等温式。     

基于MOCVD法制备的NiO薄膜结构与光学特性

用金属有机化学气相沉积法在Si衬底上制备了NiO薄膜。分别采用X光电子能谱、电子显微镜、X射线衍射以及紫外-可见分光光度计对样品的结构和光学特性进行测试。X光电子能谱测试结果表明:薄膜中Ni元素以二价态存在,Ni与O比值接近1∶1,表明制备的样品为NiO薄膜;电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析显示NiO薄膜呈现多晶态;紫外-可见分光光度计测试结果显示:NiO薄膜具有高透过率,400 nm附近最高透过率为96%,通过线性外推法作图得到NiO薄膜的禁带宽度在3.7 eV左右。     

手控注射萃取-光谱多元校正测定痕量金属离子

以含巯基葡聚糖凝胶的吸附柱手控注射萃取,结合偏最小二乘方法PLS开展了快速萃取-可见光谱多元校正分析,建立金属多组分识别数学模型,简便地实现了痕量Pb(II)、Cd(II)和Cu(II)离子的同时测定。研究优化了注射吸附柱的萃取参数,研究了不同组分的光谱相关性、识别模型主成分数和预测准确性。在最佳条件下,Pb(II)、Cd(II)和Cu(II)离子可以被同时测定,最低理论检出限分别可达0.6、0.2和0.2 ng/mL;对于模拟水样,Pb、Cd和Cu的PLS分析与原子吸收光谱法比较,测定偏差在-8.15% ~ 16.27%,2.04% ~ -12.86%和-1.45% ~ 10.49%之间,结果良好。     

Microstructure and wear behavior of Mo–60Si–5B coating doped with 0.5 ​at% La by spark plasma sintering

Mo–60Si–5B coating doped with 0.5 ?at% La was prepared on niobium silicon based alloy by spark plasma sintering. The microstructure and wear behavior of the 0.5La–Mo–60Si–5B (0.5La-MSB) coating were investigated. The results show that the mean grain sizes of the Mo–60Si–5B (0La-MSB) and 0.5La-MSB coatings are calculated to be 3.27 ?μm and 2.85 ?μm, respectively. The addition of La plays a role of refining the grains of 0.5La-MSB coating. The specific wear rate of 0.5La-MSB coating is decreased by up to 26.8% at the oscillation frequency of 20 ?Hz and the sliding load of 11 ?N compared to 0La-MSB coating. The anti-friction performance of Mo–60Si–5B coating is modified by the addition of 0.5 ?at.% La. The improvement of anti-friction performance of the Mo–60Si–5B coating is due to the increased hardness and the provided lubrication function by La₂O₃.     

金属材料的动态静态可切削性研究及切屑的微观分析

本文将工件材料的动态和静态可切削性结合起来进行研究,通过实验分析了45号钢的不同热处理状态对可切削性的影响.同时对切削过程的切屑进行了微观分析研究,以探讨金属被切削的机理.研究表明:金属材料的动态切削特性和静态切削特性有本质不同,其大小亦有相当的差别;选择适当的热处理条件可以改善材料可切削性.     

TiO2光催化还原废水中重金属离子的研究进展

阐述了金属离子光催化还原的机理,并对金属离子光催化还原的可能性进行了热力学上的分析。从光催化还原的影响因素角度,综述了金属离子光催化还原的研究进展,并提出了今后的研究方向。     

Self-supported amorphous nanoporous nickel-cobalt phosphide catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) through electrocatalysis using cost-efficient and long-term stable bimetallic phosphide as electrocatalyst holds a great promise for sustainable clean energy technologies. In this study, self-supported nanoporous Ni-Co-P(np-Ni-Co-P) catalyst with amorphous structure was synthesized by utilizing a facile electrochemical dealloying strategy. The results showed that due to the nanoporous structure, disorder atomic arrangement and alloying effect, the np-Ni-Co-P exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic performance for HER with low overpotential of 114 m V at a current density of 10 mA cm~2, small Tafel slope(57.3 mV dec~(-1)) and good long-term durability in 1 M KOH. The synergetic effect of Ni and Co elements improves the intrinsic activity of the active sites. This research provides a direction for the exploration of bimetallic phosphides toward HER in the water splitting process.     

Non-symmetric hybrids of noble metal-semiconductor: Interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures in formation dynamics and plasmonic applications

Noble metal-semiconductor hybrids have been employed as fundamental structures in modern technologies. In these hybrids, their cooperative multiple functions attract much attention in recent years because of the interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures. In this review, we summarize the interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures in specific kinds of noble metal-semiconductor hybrids, termed as non-symmetric hybrids of noble metal-semiconductor. It particularly refers to metal nanoparticles (or semiconducting quantum dots) at 1-dimensinal (1D) and 2-dimensional (2D) semiconductor (or metal) nanostructures, in contrast to the core/shell and heterodimer nanostructures. First, we discuss the formation dynamics, especially in chemical growth and assembly as well as physical coating and deposition, of non-symmetric noble metal-semiconductor hybrids with nanoparticles on nanostructures. Second, we introduce the plasmon-related applications of these hybrids in heterogeneous catalysis, optoelectronic or photovoltaic devices, all-optical devices, and surface detection or modulation. This review not only provides a comprehensive understanding of the formation mechanisms of the non-symmetric metal-semiconductor hybrid nanostructures, but also may inspire new ideas of novel functional devices and applications based on these systems.     

金属有机骨架材料MOF-235的合成及其对甲基橙吸附性能的研究

对金属有机骨架材料MOF-235的合成、表征及其对甲基橙染料的吸附性能进行研究.采用水热法合成MOF-235材料,通过X-射线衍射、IR、SEM验证并表征其结构特点.运用动力学模型和热力学模型,研究MOF-235对甲基橙溶液的吸附性能.结果显示,该材料对甲基橙的吸附可在极短的时间内达到平衡,温度对吸附效果的影响不大.对实验结果进行吸附等温线和动力学方程拟合,结果表明,MOF-235材料吸附甲基橙的Langmuir等温方程拟合效果更好,吸附过程更符合二级动力学模型.