高温合金冶炼过程中泡沫陶瓷过滤器的作用

使用Ｘ射线衍射仪，ＭＡＡＳ自动图像仪及气体分析，对１（美国ＨＩＴＥＣ公司产）过滤器与２（昌平产ＺｒＯ２基泡沫）过滤器在高温合金冶炼过程中的过滤效果及其组织结构变化进行对比分析，研究结果表明，２种过滤器对钢中氧化物夹杂均有显著去除效果，并且过滤器的组织结构会对其高温性能，冲击性能及过滤作用产生一定的影响。     

Inhibition of stray grains at melt-back region for re-using seed to prepare Ni-based single crystal superalloys

Assisted by the mold preinstalled an alumina tube into seed segment, the influence of the original primary dendrite spacing of seed on the formation of stray grains at melt-back region was investigated during Ni-based single crystal casting using seeding method. The results showed that the interface reaction between the seed and mold as well as the formation of stray grains at the surface of seed were avoid using an alumina tube with surface roughness of 0.35 μm as the mold inner wall. As the original primary dendrite spacing of the seed decreased to less than 201 μm, the morphology of un-melted solid phase in semi-solid zone changed from isolated dendrite stem to the complex network, resulting in the inhibition of the formation of stray grains inside of the seed. The seed with original primary dendrite spacing of 201 μm was also successfully re-used to fabricate single crystal casting.     

Ti对DZ68合金凝固偏析的影响

利用光学显微镜(OM)、电子探针(EPMA)等手段研究了不同Ti含量的DZ68合金的凝固过程和主元素的偏析.结果表明:本实验条件下,随合金中Ti含量的增加,合金的初凝温度和终凝温度逐渐降低,但初凝和终凝的温度区间逐渐增大;Ti含量的增加,促进Ta的正偏析程度,同时也使W的负偏析程度显著增加.为了减少DZ68合金组织中析出的(γ+γ′)共晶,Ti的质量分数应控制在1.7%以下.     

硬质合金刀具车削GH2132高温合金磨损及破损试验

用不同含钴量的超细晶WC-Co硬质合金刀具与普通WC-Co硬质合金刀具对GH2132高温合金进行高速连续切削刀具寿命及断续切削刀具破损的对比试验. 用最小二乘法进行线性回归,建立了刀具寿命与切削速度之间关系的T-v经验公式,用ZEISS体视显微镜及显微摄影系统观察了刀具刃口、前刀面和后刀面的磨损和破损形貌. 试验结果表明:WC-Co硬质合金刀具的磨损和破损的主要机制是黏接磨损;超细晶WC-Co硬质合金刀具的耐磨性明显高于普通硬质合金;适当增加钴黏接相含量有助于超细晶WC-Co硬质合金刀具获得最佳的耐磨损和抗破损性能.      

固溶热处理对一种第三代镍基单晶高温合金组织及高温持久性能的影响

研究了固溶热处理对一种Re含量为6.5%(质量分数)的第三代单晶高温合金组织及持久性能的影响,实验结果表明:合金铸态下存在明显的凝固偏析,枝晶间区域存在大量的(γ+γ′)共晶组织。固溶过程中,共晶组织在1 335℃以上开始快速溶解,但难熔元素,尤其是Re元素的偏析需要在1 360℃以上才能有明显改善;经过1 365℃固溶后疏松含量增加至0.21%(体积分数),接近铸态下疏松含量的5.2倍。铸态及经1 360℃和1 365℃固溶热处理后合金的持久性能测试结果显示:固溶热处理显著改善了合金的持久性能,且固溶温度越高,持久性能越高。在高温持久加载过程中,铸态合金的裂纹主要沿枝晶间分布,在(γ+γ′)共晶组织处萌生;当固溶温度较低时,且枝晶干处析出了较多的TCP(topologically close-packed)相,未能充分降低Re元素的偏析可能是导致枝晶干处TCP相大量析出的主要原因;当固溶温度较高时,TCP相析出量较少。     

Inconel 718微铣削加工表面残余应力有限元仿真

刃口圆弧半径和每齿进给量显著影响微铣削镍基高温合金残余应力,因此进行了基于ABAQUS的Inconel 718微铣削三维仿真研究.基于J-C本构方程模拟材料应力应变关系,得到相同单元在S11和S22两个方向的残余应力值,进而研究每齿进给量对表面残余应力的影响规律.进行Inconel 718微铣削实验,通过X射线衍射法测量不同每齿进给量切削过程中工件进给和垂直进给两个方向上的残余应力.进给方向的表面残余应力实测值与仿真结果最大误差为21.1%,平均误差为8.9%;垂直进给方向的表面残余应力实测值与仿真结果最大误差为31.0%,平均误差为12.3%,验证了Inconel 718微铣削加工三维有限元仿真模型的准确性.     

新型定向凝固高温合金750℃抗热腐蚀性能

研究了涂有75%Na2SO4+25%NaCl盐膜的新型定向凝固镍基高温合金在750℃的热腐蚀行为,采用X射线衍射仪和带能谱的扫描电镜分析腐蚀产物相组成以及微观结构.结果表明:该合金在开始阶段腐蚀速率较大,随着腐蚀时间的延长以及合金腐蚀层厚度的增加,腐蚀速率降低.腐蚀层可分为3个区域:外层是以TiO2和Cr2O3为主相对疏松的氧化层,中间层具有保护性的是富Cr层,内层是以Al,Ti为主的氧化物以及点状分布的硫化物.合金的热腐蚀主要由氧化-硫化共存伴随着表面腐蚀物挥发形成,在此过程中腐蚀持续向合金基体推进,使得腐蚀层不断增厚.     

Experimental Study on Machining Shape Hole of Ni-based Super-heat-resistant Alloy

Inconel 718 and Waspaloy, Nickel-based super-heat-resistant alloy, are high-strength, thermal-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy that are widely used in parts of gas turbines and airplane engines. Due to their extremely tough and thermal-resistant nature, they are well known as materials that are difficult to cut. Shape holes on a disc of an aircraft engine, made of Ni-based super-heat-resistant alloy, are required with good surface integrity and geometric accuracy. This kind of shape hole is produced ...     

长期时效对FGH96合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了长期时效热处理制度对FGH96合金的显微组织、析出相、拉伸性能、持久性能及蠕变性能的影响.采用光学显微镜分析了合金的晶粒组织,用扫描和透射电镜分析了γ'相、碳化物和硼化物的形貌、尺寸和含量.通过力学性能测试分析了拉伸、持久和蠕变性能.结果表明在时效温度550℃和650℃下,时效时间在100 h至7500 h变化时,FGH96合金的晶粒尺寸、γ'相形貌尺寸、MC型碳化物和M3 B2型硼化物相含量、拉伸性能、持久性能等基本保持不变.时效温度为650℃时,随着时效时间的延长,γ'相及Cr23 C6碳化物的含量相比550℃略有增大,导致蠕变性能降低,残余应变增大.     

Microstructure-based hot extrusion process control principles for nickel-base superalloy pipes

The properties of nickel-base superalloy pipes are determined by microstructure, and the microstructure can be tuned by hot extrusion process. There are two major questions in hot extrusion: one is how to successfully extrude pipes without apparent defects, the other is how to make the microstructure under control. However, up to now, there is no systematical report about hot extrusion process and microstructure control for nickel-base superalloys. In present study, a series of technical control principles for hot extrusion are proposed basing on practical manufacture facts, large amounts of experimental studies and finite element simulation of several typical nickel-base superalloys. The common used technical control principles can be applied for hot extrusion parameters determination to maintain safety hot extrusion and microstructure control. In the investigation of microstructure control based hot extrusion principles, the action rules of different working parameters on hot extrusion field quantities were established. The upper and lower limits of different principles were obtained in consideration of materials characteristics and extruder conditions. The limitations were overlapped on the action rules to determine the optimized hot extrusion parameters. The microstructure-based control principle proposed in present work can provide theoretical guidance for hot extrusion parameter determination and optimization.