疲劳裂纹扩展的门槛值研究

通过对35SiMnMoV复相钢的常温疲劳试验研究和GH4049镍基高温合金的高温疲劳试验研究,获得了大量的试验数据并得出了相应的裂纹扩展行为规律。采用对比分析方法,从疲劳裂纹的门槛值角度出发,归纳总结了疲劳裂纹的扩展规律。     

二硫键影响GH11木聚糖酶稳定性研究进展

低聚木糖具有改善肠道微生态的益生作用,在降血糖、降血压、防止便秘等方面表现出良好的保健效果。近年来,利用生物酶技术制备功能性低聚木糖的相关研究受到广泛关注。糖苷水解酶(glycoside hydrolase, GH)11家族木聚糖酶具有底物特异性强和催化效率高的特点,在低聚木糖生产应用中表现出显著优势；然而,大多数天然GH11木聚糖酶存在稳定性较差的问题,无法满足工业生产中高温、酸、碱等极端条件的要求。利用酶工程技术对天然木聚糖酶进行分子改造,以适应高温、酸、碱等生产条件,使底物特异性强、催化效率高的酶相对稳定地发挥作用,对于制备功能性低聚木糖的工业生产具有重要的实际意义。根据GH11木聚糖酶的分子结构及其特点,通过比较其分子内相互作用力对酶热稳定性的影响,发现二硫键在改善酶的稳定性方面具有十分显著的优势。基于对GH11木聚糖酶结构的分析,总结了引入二硫键的常规策略,比较了酶在不同区域引入不同数量二硫键对GH11木聚糖酶稳定性的改善效果,对引入二硫键后酶稳定性显著变化的几个区域进行定位,并指出多个二硫键对改善酶稳定性的作用方式,希望为提高酶稳定性的酶分子改造研究提供基础数据,为拓宽GH11木聚糖酶工业应用范围提供科学参考。     

Pore defects in a nickel-based superalloy with high Ti content

Pores are uncommon defects in superalloy bars, which deserve to be investigated. In this work, a type of pore defect within GH4710 nickel-based superalloy was investigated by 3D X-ray imaging method combined with metallographic analysis. 3D X-ray imaging was used for locating and visualizing the defects in the alloy. The 3D X-ray imaging result of the defects showed a good agreement with the defect anatomical morphologies. It was observed that the pore defect was accompanied by MC carbides, micro-crack, and non-metallic inclusions. The origin of pore defect was attributed to the shrinkage pores, inclusion and the complex precipitates. The analysis showed that the pore defects in GH4710 alloy was associated with strong micro-segregation and complex phase precipitation during solidification, induced by the high weight content of Ti and C in the alloy.