Cr-Ni-Mo-Cu堆焊合金与304不锈钢的空蚀

将Cr-Ni-Mo-Cu合金通过钨极氩弧焊堆焊到304不锈钢表面,利用超声波振动设备模拟空蚀环境,研究Cr-Ni-Mo-Cu合金作为不锈钢堆焊层,在人工海水环境下的空蚀行为及耐空蚀性能,测定Cr-Ni-Mo-Cu堆焊合金空蚀过程中的失重量和失重率,并与同样空蚀条件下的304不锈钢进行对比,用扫描电镜(SEM)对试样堆焊层的空蚀后的表面与截面进行观察.结果表明:Cr-Ni-Mo-Cu合金材料比304不锈钢具有更好的耐空蚀性能;空蚀过程中合金在晶界薄弱处易产生裂纹,并在延伸和扩展后促使材料发生剥落;空蚀冲击使合金发生了加工硬化,提高了堆焊层的耐空蚀性能.     

SBS调Q双包层光纤激光器

报道了包层泵浦调Q光纤激光器的实验研究。采用连续光泵浦方式,在激光谐振腔中,利用多模硅光纤中的非线性效应-受激Brillouin散射(SBS)进行自调Q,得到了纳秒量级的脉冲输出;改用脉冲光泵浦方式,实现了重复频率连续可调,稳定的纳秒量级光脉冲输出,脉宽(FWHM)小于2ns,峰值功率大于8kw。     

Fabrication of Fe–TiC–Al2O3 composites on the surface of steel using a TiO2–Al–C–Fe combustion reaction induced by gas tungsten arc cladding

The aim of the present study was to fabricate Fe–TiC–Al₂O₃ composites on the surface of medium carbon steel. For this purpose, TiO₂–3C and 3TiO₂–4Al–3C–xFe (0 ≤ x ≤ 4.6 by mole) mixtures were pre-placed on the surface of a medium carbon steel plate. The mixtures and substrate were then melted using a gas tungsten arc cladding process. The results show that the martensite forms in the layer produced by the TiO₂–3C mixture. However, ferrite–Fe₃C–TiC phases are the main phases in the microstructure of the clad layer produced by the 3TiO₂–4Al–3C mixture. The addition of Fe to the TiO₂–4Al–3C reactants with the content from 0 to 20wt% increases the volume fraction of particles, and a composite containing approximately 9vol% TiC and Al₂O₃ particles forms. This composite substantially improves the substrate hardness. The mechanism by which Fe particles enhance the TiC + Al₂O₃ volume fraction in the composite is determined.     

激光熔覆技术在工业中的应用

对激光熔覆的理论研究、工艺及其组织性能研究、应用研究三方面作一介绍,并指出今后的发展方向.     

不锈钢基体NiCrBSi/NiCrBSi(SiC-Mo)合金层的激光熔敷

为提高不锈钢叶片的耐磨损和气蚀的性能,在材料表面以激光熔敷NiCrBSi合金层。对合金层的显微结构、与不锈钢基体结合方式和SiC等颗粒增强改性对组织结构的影响进行了研究。采用5kW连续二氧化碳激光器对不锈钢上等离子喷涂预置NiCrBSi合金层进行表面熔敷。扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析结果表明:涂层显微结构为细化树枝晶,由γ基体与γ/γ′和NiB的共晶组成。合金粉中添加SiC-Mo颗粒后,熔敷层显微组织更加细化,成为与基体具有一定取向关系的枝晶组织,形成过饱和固溶体和极细的共晶体。SiC弥散分布于自溶性镍基合金中,熔敷不出现裂纹,可进一步提高涂层抗磨蚀性。该激光熔敷自溶性NiCrBSi合金挂片在黄河三门峡3号水轮机中环上现场测试结果表现出优良的抗磨蚀性。     

铝合金表面激光改质工艺效果的研究

表面重熔、表面合金化及表面熔覆是铝合金激光表面改质的３个主要方法．重熔工艺虽然简单,但强化潜力有限,以重熔为基础的后两种工艺比较复杂,但强化潜力大．通过一系列实验,对比性地揭示了这些工艺对铝合金表面组织的影响及强化效果．     

激光熔覆原位合成TiC的Ni／TiC复合层显微组织与性能研究

利用5kW CO2激光器和同轴送粉的方法,在Q235钢基材表面原位合成强化相为TiC的Ni／TiC复合材料层。研究了不同Ni相对含量对熔覆层的显微组织形貌和相组成的影响,并进行了耐磨性试验。结果表明,熔覆层的物相构成为Ni和TiC,熔覆层耐磨性随Ni相对含量的减少而增大。     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitaniurn and asphalt pyro- lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers： one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles （〈500 nm） are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5（HR30N）. In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about Ⅱ times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

T8钢表面激光熔覆钴基硬面合金层的相组织与性能的研究

应用横流式连续ＣＯ２激光器,采用不同的激光工艺参数在Ｔ８钢表面上熔覆钴基硬面合金,然后用Ｘ射线衍射法、电解萃取法、比色法、耐磨试验及理论计算等研究了合金层的组织结构及性能．研究表明：激光熔覆的钴基硬面合金层,其显微硬度提高主要由ｒ（ＣｏＣｒ）基体相的过饱和度所贡献,而耐磨性能提高主要是Ｍ７Ｃ３碳化物析出量增加起了更大的作用．     

Characterization of Fe3Si-based coatings on low silicon steel by pulsed Nd:YAG laser cladding

The Fe₃Si based coating was produced on the Fe-1 Si steel surface by a pulsed Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser. Its phase constitution and microstructure were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) with associated energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hyperfine structure of the coating was studied by Mrssbauer spectra (MS) and the magnetic property was also measured at room temperature by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The obtained coating is pore and crack-free with dense microstructure and high Si content. The metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate was realized. The microstructure of the coating is typical fine dendrites. The major phase was confirmed by XRD and TEM to be the ordering D0₃ structured Fe₃Si phase. In addition, there were smaller amounts of the Fe₅Si₃ phase and the γ-Fe phase in the coating. Compared with the substrate, the laser cladding coating has a lower saturation magnetization and a higher coercive force. The poor magnetic property might be because of rapid solidification microstructure and phase constitution in the coating.