LiNbO_3:Ni~(2+)晶体中Ni~(2+)离子的占位研究

本文研究了Ｎｉ２＋离子在ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体中的占位．采用完全对角化哈密顿矩阵方法，计算了Ｎｉ２＋：ＬｉＮｂＯ３的零场分裂和光谱结构，计算值与实验观测值一致．研究表明，Ｎｉ２＋离子占Ｌｉ＋位并且沿Ｃ３轴向氧八面体中心移动约０．２２     

Mg—RE微合金化对Ni_3Al（B）－Gr熔盐腐蚀及力学性能的影响

研究了Ｍｇ－ＦＥ复合微合金化的双相Ｎｉ３ＡＬ（Ｂ）－Ｃｒ基金属间化合物熔盐腐蚀和力学性能，发现Ｍｇ－ＲＥ复合微合金化能降低Ｎｉ３Ａｌ（Ｂ）－Ｃｒ在ＬｉＣｌ－ＫＣｌ熔盐中的阳极电流密度；同时能在不降低Ｎｉ３Ａｌ（Ｂ）－Ｃｒ屈服强度的条件下，提高延伸率近２０％．     

配位萃取色谱法分离Co（Ⅱ）,Ni（Ⅱ）的研究

采用添加配位剂氨基乙酸于料液中，以取代传统的树脂转型方法．考察了淋洗ｐＨ值、进样量及料液Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ比等因素对分离的影响．在ｐＨ＝３．４０时５ｇ树脂可以将１６００μｇ的Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ比为１～１００的金属完全分离．并就氨基乙酸的配位、缓冲作用对分离过程的影响进行了初步研究     

Ni(OH)2添加剂对碱性介质中MnO2电极可充性的影响

采用球形Ni(OH)2作为正极添加剂,使MnO2电极在7 mol／L KOH溶液中的可充性得到显著改善.对Ni(OH)2和曾广泛研究的Bi2O2添加剂修饰的MnO2电极的循环伏安图谱进行了对比性分析,初步明确了Ni(OH)2的作用机理.模拟电池恒流充放电实验证明,Ni(OH)2添加剂在实际可充碱锰电池中作用效果明显优于Bi2O3.     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75Al10V15 alloy

The kinetic model for a ternary system is introduced based on the microscopic diffusion form of the phase-field equations for a binary alloy. The equation is solved in the reciprocal space. This model is used to investigate the early precipitation process of Ni75-Al10V15 by simulating the atomic pictures of the two ordered phases and calculating the order parameters of γ′(Ni3Al) phase. Simulation results show that the γ′ ordered phases precipitate from the disordered matrix by a non-classical nucleation mechanism, and the nonstoichiometric γ′ ordered phase appears first and then transforms into the stoichiometric one. Clusters of V atoms appear at the γ′ phase boundaries followed by the formation of the nonstoichiometric θ ordered phase. The farther the location from γ′ phase boundary is, the lower the order degree of θ phase is. There exist two kinds of DO22 ordered domains: a horizontal one and a vertical one, related to their adjacent γ′ phase boundaries. The model could describe the atomic ordering and composition clustering simultaneously, and any a priori assumption about the new phase structure and precipitation mechanism etc. is unnecessary.     

Computer simulation for the precipitation process of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy

The precipitation mechanism of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy above the L12 instability line, between the L12 and D022 instability lines and below the D022 instability line are studied using microscopic phase-field kinetic equation. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on precipitation mechanism and morphological evolution of the alloy. Our simulations demonstrate that the precipitation is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition above the L12 instability line. It needs certain thermal fluctuations for nucleation and the number of θ phases is small at this temperature. The precipitation mechanism of γ'phase is congruent ordering followed by spinodal decomposition, and θ phase is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition between the L12 and D022 instability lines. The mechanism below the D022 instability line is similar to that between the L12 and D022 instability lines. With the decrease of the temperature, ordering and phase separation becomes fast, the dimension of γ'phase becomes small, the shape transforms from equiaxed to block, the dimension of θ phase becomes large and the shape transforms from strip to circle.     

微量镍元素添加对铁基非晶/纳米晶磁芯软磁性能的影响

用单辊法制备的宽20 mm,厚25μm的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9和Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材,绕制成外径为40 mm,内径为25 mm的环型磁芯,然后将磁芯在不同的温度下进行退火处理,研究了微量Ni元素添加对合金带材的晶化行为以及对横向磁场退火后的非晶/纳米晶磁芯的软磁性能的影响。结果表明:与Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金带材相比,添加微量Ni元素的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材的一级起始晶化温度Tx1和一级晶化峰温度Tp1降低,其二级起始晶化温度Tx2和二级晶化峰温度Tp2升高,两级起始晶化温度之间的差值ΔTx增大;与横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9非晶/纳米晶磁芯相比,横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8非晶/纳米晶磁芯的起始磁导率μi和饱和磁感应强度Bs减小,矫顽力Hc增大;当测试频率f和最大磁感应强度Bm不变时,有效幅值磁导率μa增大,比总损耗Ps和矫顽力Hc减小;当测试频率f不变时,电感Ls和品质因数Q增大;当励磁电流I不变时,感应电动势E大。     

大型基础下含软弱夹层的层状砂土变形计算

基于饱和土的相关理论,推导了大型基础下层状地基的沉降计算模型.考虑不同的土性,根据修正剑桥模型和摩尔-库伦模型,推导了K_○0条件下且能够考虑其塑性变形的压缩模量.基于平面网格子域法结合分层总和法建立了一个完整的、更加贴近工程实际的大型基础下含软弱夹层的层状砂土地基沉降计算模型.研究结果表明:该模型的计算结果与模拟结果很贴近,且能够突出体现出软弱夹层的变形特性.研究结论可为含软弱夹层的大型基础地基沉降计算提供直接参考依据.     

Simulation of sea surface temperature changes in the Middle Pliocene warm period and comparison with reconstructions

The Middle Pliocene (ca 3.12–2.97 Ma) is a recent warm period in the Earth’s history. In many respects, the warmth of the Middle Pliocene is similar to the probable warm situation of the late 21st century predicted by climate models. Understanding the Middle Pliocene climate is important in predicting the future climate with global warming. Here, we used the latest reconstructions for the Middle Pliocene—Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) version 3—to simulate the Middle Pliocene ...     

SRC框架基于位移的多目标优化设计

将SRC框架的工程造价及结构层间位移差最小定为优化目标,并根据SRC框架结构在不同受力阶段各类构件的受力特性,提出两阶段优化设计的思路:小震作用下,认为混凝土处于开裂的临近状态,假定钢材未发挥作用,仅有混凝土发挥作用,据此对结构构件的截面尺寸与混凝土用量进行优化;在中震及大震作用下,对满足结构性能要求的钢材用量进行优化.综合考虑各种约束条件,运用层次分析OC-GA算法实施SRC框架的抗震优化设计,并通过优化设计实例证实所采用的优化思路是有效、可行的.