非匹配条件下滑动模的鲁棒性

本文研究结构系统在非匹配条件下滑动模的鲁棒性问题，首先提出了变结构系统部分不变性的概念，进而给出了变结构系统具有部分不变性的充分必要条件；最后举一个例子验证所提出的方法，本文结果解决了不确定系统在何种条件下可以直接设计出具有期望动态品质的滑动模的问题。     

制冷循环中的损失分析计算

本文由热力过程损失导出计算制冷循环的总损失ＥＬ的表达式；并证明ＥＬ≥０．用这种分析法计算了使用非共沸工质的劳伦兹循环的总损失ＥＬＺ，并与逆郎肯循环对比．结果表明两者的制冷系数都受到工质吸热过程的平均温度和放热过程平均温度的制约．     

牛顿科学的"推理规则"与科学发现的逻辑

牛顿在<自然哲学的数学原理>中提出的"哲学中的推理规则",不仅浓缩了牛顿时代有关科学方法论的许多内容,而且还蕴涵着在此之后有关"科学发现的逻辑"问题的历史变化的思想根源,甚至这一规则也可以作为今天"复活发现逻辑"的一个典型的科学史范例.     

Compensatory caspase activation in MPP+-induced cell death in dopaminergic neurons

Many have hypothesized that cell death in Parkinsons disease is via apoptosis and, specifically, by the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway. We tested this hypothesis using a mouse dopaminergic cell line of mesencephalic origin, MN9D, challenged with the Parkinsonism-causing neurotoxin MPP⁺ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion). Apoptosis was the main mode of cell death when the cells were subjected to MPP⁺ treatment under serum-free conditions for 24 h. Caspase-3 and caspase-9, however, were not activated, thus indicating the existence of alternate or compensatory cell death pathway(s) in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Using caspase inhibitors, we demonstrated that these pathways involve caspase-2, –8, –6 and –7. A time-course study indicated that activation of caspase-2 and –8 occurred upstream of caspase-6 and caspase-7. Upon MPP⁺ challenge, the apoptosis-inducing factor was translocated from the mitochondria into the MN9D cytosol and nucleus. These results suggest the existence of alternative apoptotic pathways in dopaminergic neurons.Received 20 September 2004; received after revision 5 November 2004; accepted 22 November 2004     

Functional and physical communication between oncoproteins and tumor suppressors

The discovery of oncogenes (c-onc’s) and tumor suppressors (TS’s) has led to the concept that cancer arises from defects in each of these classes of genes or their products. More recently, it has been appreciated that c-onc and TS proteins often affect one another’s functions. Within this context, I review the two classical TS’s, p53 and the retinoblastoma protein, and the consequences of their inactivation. The various forms of genomic instability (GI) that underly the high mutation rates of transformed cells are then discussed. Particular emphasis is placed upon the concept that GI is not only an integral part of the transformed state but is a prerequisite. Increased oxidative DNA damage, and/or an inabiliy to repair it, can lead to GI. The review then discusses recent observations showing that loss of the TS protein peroxiredoxin 1 (prdx1) and increased expression of the c-onc protein c-Myc, each leads to increased oxidative DNA damage. The critical nature of the c-onc-TS interaction is underscored by that occurring between prdx1 and c-Myc, with the former protein regulating the production of DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species by the latter. The intimate association between these proteins and others serves as a paradigm for the exquisite balancing act that c-onc’s and TS’s must maintain in order to properly control normal DNA replication and cellular proliferation while simultaneously minimizing the acquisition of potentially neoplastic mutations. Received 10 May 2005; received after revision 3 July 2005; accepted 19 July 2005     

与图的支配性有关的不变量的若干不等式

证明了关于图的支配数、上支配数、全支配数、连通支配数、点－边弱（强）支配数及边－点弱（强）支配数的一些不等式，并继而讨论了这些不变量的若干介值性质     

拟差集关联矩阵的应用

以计算循环行列式的方法讨论了拟差集关联矩阵在建立存在性条件中的作用，同时也导出了几个有用的组织式，求和与求积式。     

有偿债基金机制的公司债定价模型

有偿债基金的公司债是发行公司专门提取偿债基金以保证本息偿还的公司债券,它具有提前偿还的性质.由于计提偿债基金会引起公司资产的跳跃,给出了公司在计提偿债基金前没有违约的概率以及在此条件下公司资产的条件分布,并利用首次通过模型得到债券定价公式,通过数值计算作图分析了债券价格随参数变化的金融意义.