木质素降解菌L1原生质体的形成和再生

从自然界筛选出一株降解木质素高的白腐真菌 L1,对其原生质体的形成和再生进行了研究。在 OS培养基中生长的菌丝体 ,原生质体数量较高。在液体培养条件下 ,于 OS培养基中培养 60 h的菌丝体 ,用 0 .3% β-巯基乙醇与酶液同时处理菌丝体 ,采用 p H5 .0的混合酶 (蜗牛酶∶纤维素酶∶溶菌酶的最佳浓度比为 5∶ 4∶ 1 ) ;在 30℃酶解 4h;用 0 .4mol/L NH4Cl,1 0 mmol/L Mg SO4作渗透压稳定剂时 ,原生质体数量达到 4.32× 1 0 5个 /mg。 OS双层再生培养基最适于原生质体再生     

脱水对番木瓜体细胞胚贮藏和萌发的影响

由悬浮培养获得的番木瓜体细胞胚含水量高达90％以上，成苗率低，不能贮藏。经脱水，含水量为50％－70％的干燥体细胞胚在MSO培养基上的成苗率为82％，在室温（25℃）下贮藏60天后存活率为83％。贮藏期间体细胞胚无一萌, 但含水量小于30％的干燥体细胞胚存活率低。扫描电镜观察表明，新鲜细胞胚表面存在很多突出细胞，当体细胞胚萌发时，这些细胞进一步分裂，形成愈伤组织或次级体细胞胚，妨碍体细胞胚的正常萌发。而含水量50％－70％的干燥体细胞胚表面细胞枯死，但生长点却完成无损。     

苏南丘陵杉木萌芽更新的效果分析

杉木萌芽更新适于短轮伐作业，在实践中对其利弊尚存在争议，本文根据在苏南丘陵地区的长期试验，对萌芽林与实生林的生长、树干圆满度，树干基部弯曲根系分布与重量和更新费用作了分析比较，得出萌芽林无论在生长和干形上均不比实生林逊色，而投资却仅占实生林1/3，具有投资少，更新可靠，经济效益好的特点，文内还比较了伐桩萌条存留株数对高生长的影响，在去萌定株时以保留两株萌条者高生长最佳。     

木槿（Hibiscus syriacusL.）耐盐变异体的选择

木槿愈伤组织耐盐细胞系是在含ＮａＣｌ的培养基上通过屡代选择产生的，在无盐培养其中进行几代继代培养后的愈伤组织，由其分化的芽以及脱分化增殖的愈伤组织均表现了耐盐性，木槿耐盐细胞由于对ＮａＣｌ的反应比未经选择的细胞积累了更多的Ｎ＾＋，Ｋ＾＋，而且细胞体积较小。     

冷再生基层的应用与质量控制

结合通顺路大修工程冷再生基层的施工工艺,对冷再生基层的应用施工中应注意的问题以及施工过程中的质量控制进行总结并提出建议。     

Expression of nerve growth factor-like polypeptides and immunoreactivity related to the two types of neurotrophin receptors in earthworm tissues

Nerve growth factor (NGF) belongs by sequence homology to the neurotrophins, a family of proteins binding the same p75 receptor and closely related members of the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Fundamental in the vertebrate nervous system, neurotrophin signals have also been suggested as essential for relatively complex nervous systems occurring in invertebrate species that live longer than Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Mammalian neurotrophins have been found to influence invertebrate neuronal growth. However, there are only a few data on the presence of molecules related to neurotrophin signalling components in invertebrates. Our studies provide evidence that analogues of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors are expressed in Eisenia foetida earthworms. In particular, NGF-like and Trk-like immunoreactive proteins are both expressed in the nervous system, whereas p75-like positivity identifies tubular structures associated with dorsal pores that are involved in the earthworm response to mechanical irritation or stress. Received 12 November 2001; received after revision 8 January 2002; accepted 8 January 2002     

Neuronal plasticity and regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals: morphological and functional recovery following olfactory bulb deafferentation

The mammalian olfactory system has the unique property in the permanent turnover of the olfactory sensory neurons under normal conditions and following injury. This implies that the topographical map of the epithelium-to-bulb connections generated during ontogenesis has to be maintained despite neuron renewal in order to insure olfactory information processing. One way to investigate this issue has been to disrupt the peripheral connections and analyze how neural connections may be reestablished as well as how animals may perform in olfactory-mediated tasks. This review surveys the main data pertaining to both morphological and functional recoveries taking place in the peripheral olfactory system following olfactory bulb deafferentation. Conclusions from these studies are enlightened by recent data from molecular biology.     

Increased demyelination and axonal damage in metallothionein I+II-deficient mice during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Metallothioneins I+II (MT-I+II) are antioxidant, neuroprotective factors. We previously showed that MT-I+II deficiency during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) leads to increased disease incidence and clinical symptoms. Moreover, the inflammatory response of macrophages and T cells, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death during EAE were increased by MT-I+II deficiency. We now show for the first time that demyelination and axonal damage are significantly increased in MT-I+II deficient mice during EAE. Furthermore, oligodendroglial regeneration, growth cone formation, and tissue repair including expression of trophic factors were significantly reduced in MT-I+II-deficient mice during EAE. Accordingly, MT-I+II have protective and regenerative roles in the brain. Received 31 October 2002; received after revision 23 November 2002; accepted 26 November 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author. M. Penkowa and C. Espejo contributed equally to this paper.