基本蚁群算法的A.S.收敛性研究

蚁群算法是近几年优化领域中新出现的一种启发式仿生类并行智能进化算法，虽然该算法已经在众多组合优化领域中得到广泛应用，但是对其收敛性尤其是A．S．（AlmostSurely）收敛性问题的研究还存在很多空白．本文在介绍蚁群算法基本原理的基础上，以Markov链和离散鞅作为研究工具，对基本蚁群算法的A．S．收敛性问题进行了理论证明，把最优解集序列转变为下鞅序列来考察残留信息素轨迹向量的收敛性，随后提出了基本蚁群算法首达时间的定义，并对基本蚁群算法首次到达时间的期望值进行了理论分析．     

西部中小城市发展空间走廊的综合开发规划研究--以平凉市崆峒大道为例

目的研究西部中小城市过境公路演变为城市道路的现象,揭示其本质内涵,为编制科学合理的综合开发规划提供理论依据。方法通过平凉市崆峒大道综合开发规划实证分析,探讨城市空间走廊综合开发规划的编制。结果空间走廊的综合开发规划,包括总体布局、道路交通体系、绿地景观体系、地块控制性经济技术指标与规划设计条件、沿街建筑景观设计意向等。结论过境公路改造成城市道路必须从城市发展的角度充分关注其两侧用地的功能、结构、形态、交通和景观等诸因素,采用综合开发的手段,为城市的未来发展提供健康的空间走廊。     

水平环道非沸混合质流动沸腾换热特性及强化

对纯工质及非菜沸混合工质在水平形光滑机加工多孔表面（ＭＦＰＳ）通道上的流动沸换热特性进行实验研究。结果表明：纯工质在光滑表面、混合工质在ＭＦＰＳ上均存在流动沸腾滞后现象；ＭＦＰＳ对两种工质流动沸腾换热均有强化效应，但与池沸腾相比，其强化效应有所减弱，故需从强化对流换热和防止沸腾滞后等方面加以改进。提出了纯工质和混合工质在水平光滑表面、ＭＦＰＳ环形通道中的流动沸腾换算计算式，计算值与实验值的最大偏差     

Expression of nerve growth factor-like polypeptides and immunoreactivity related to the two types of neurotrophin receptors in earthworm tissues

Nerve growth factor (NGF) belongs by sequence homology to the neurotrophins, a family of proteins binding the same p75 receptor and closely related members of the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Fundamental in the vertebrate nervous system, neurotrophin signals have also been suggested as essential for relatively complex nervous systems occurring in invertebrate species that live longer than Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Mammalian neurotrophins have been found to influence invertebrate neuronal growth. However, there are only a few data on the presence of molecules related to neurotrophin signalling components in invertebrates. Our studies provide evidence that analogues of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors are expressed in Eisenia foetida earthworms. In particular, NGF-like and Trk-like immunoreactive proteins are both expressed in the nervous system, whereas p75-like positivity identifies tubular structures associated with dorsal pores that are involved in the earthworm response to mechanical irritation or stress. Received 12 November 2001; received after revision 8 January 2002; accepted 8 January 2002     

Automatic Question Answering from Web Documents

A passage retrieval strategy for web-based question answering （QA） systems is proposed in our QA system. It firstly analyzes the question based on semantic patterns to obtain its syntactic and semantic information and then form initial queries. The queries are used to retrieve documents from the World Wide Web （WWW） using the Google search engine. The queries are then rewritten to form queries for passage retrieval in order to improve the precision. The relations between keywords in the question are employed in our query rewrite method. The experimental result on the question set of the TREC-2003 passage task shows that our system performs well for factoid questions.     

缺血性脑血管病与神经细胞凋亡的研究进展

叙述了细胞凋亡概念及神经细胞凋亡的基本特征。细胞凋亡是迟发性神经元死亡的基本形式，细胞凋亡在短暂性局灶性脑缺血、短暂性全脑缺血及永久性脑缺血中随缺血时间再灌注时间的不同，细胞凋亡发生部位及时间、范围亦不相同。     

Microelectronics-embedded channel bridging and signal regeneration of injured spinal cords

Due to the difficulty in spinal cord regeneration with biological methods, the microelectronic neural bridge, a new concept based on microelectronic technology, is presented. The microelectronic system has been realized in the forms of hybrid and integrated circuits. The integrated circuits for neural signal detection, stimulation, and regeneration are realized in a CMOS process. In animal experiments with 100 toads, 48 rats, and 3 rabbits, nerve signals have been successfully detected from spinal cords and sciatic nerves, and functional electrical stimulation has been carried out for spinal cords and sciatic nerves. When the microelectronic system is bridged between the controlling and stimulated nerve, the relevant motion of legs and nerve signal waveforms, which are stimulated by the evoked or spontaneous nerve signal through such a system, have been observed. Therefore, the feasibility of the presented method was demonstrated.     

浅谈大学英语精读教学

精读教学是大学英语阅读教学的重要内容。文章介绍了精读教学实践中所运用的教学方法，这些方法能切实提高学生的阅读能力和其他相关的语言技能。     

变管径冻结管对地铁联络通道冻结温度场的影响分析

在地铁联络通道的冻结法的设计与施工中,冻结管通常为倾斜放射布置。这导致联络通道不同横截面冻结管间距不同,最终引起冻结温度场的不均匀发展。以郑州地铁5号线联络通道为背景,在冻结管内盐水流量不变的情况下,对现行冻结管的尺寸做出调整,通过改变冻结管尺寸来改变管内的盐水在不同位置的流速,从而改变冻结管不同截面的对流换热系数,使联络通道的冻结温度场得到均匀发展。利用ADINA数值分析软件对联络通道冻结法设计建立三维模型,分析改变管径后,整个冻结过程中联络通道各个截面温度场的发展情况。结果表明,在同一冻结工程中,联络通道各个截面的冻结壁厚度及冻结平均温度趋于一致,且冻土交圈完成的时间得到了缩短,这表明通过改变冻结管的尺寸能够显著改善冻结温度场的不均匀发展问题。     

《齐齐哈尔师范学院学报》(自然科学版)1987～1994年数学、物理、化学学科论文引文分析

本文运用文献计量学方法,对《齐齐哈尔师范学院学报》(自然科学版)1987～1994年8卷共32期中数学、物理、化学学科的论著引用的文献进行了统计分析,引文的分布规律表明该刊的质量较好.同时分析出各学科的外文和中文核心期刊.