红枣体外肠道微生物发酵特性的研究

目的研究红枣体外发酵特性,评价红枣营养性能。方法通过体外模拟人体肠道内部环境条件,接种人体新鲜粪便悬浮液进行厌氧发酵,定时记录发酵液产气量、测定pH值、NH3-N值和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)含量。结果红枣发酵液产气快、产气量多,p H值下降幅度大,NH3-N值变化不明显;红枣发酵液中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量明显高于空白组(P0.05)。结论红枣能有效地被人体肠道微生物发酵利用,改善肠道内部理化环境,促进肠道微生物发酵产生乙酸、丙酸和丁酸短链脂肪酸。     

丹磺酰氯作为氨基酸柱前衍生试剂衍生条件的研究

用丹磺酰氯为柱前衍生试剂,对19种氨基酸的衍生物进行了高效液相色谱分离,研究了衍生试剂的用量、缓冲体系的pH值,衍生时间等条件的变化对衍生反应的影响,得到了用丹磺酰氯对氨基酸的最佳衍生条件。     

油脂中脂肪酸的分析测定

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定了几种油脂的脂肪酸含量。对测定条件进行了选择,色谱柱为SE-30弹性石英毛细管柱(25 m×0.22 mm×0.2μm),柱温为190℃,载气流速为1 mL/min,分流比为1∶100。对棉籽油、花生油、大豆油、小米乳芽油、猪油中所含脂肪酸进行了分析,结果表明,所测油脂中不饱和脂肪酸的含量普遍高于饱和脂肪酸,其中大豆油中亚油酸的质量分数(下同)最高,达60.02%;植物油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量高于猪油,其中小米乳芽油的最高,达84.33%,而猪油只有50.43%。     

胰岛素受体底物1和2的氨基酸网络特征研究

在胰岛素对脂质代谢的调控作用中,胰岛素受体底物2(IRS2)比胰岛素受体底物1(IRS1)发挥了更加重要的作用。为研究两者发挥作用的差异,分别选择IRS1、IRS2的4个结构数据,构建氨基酸相互作用网络,计算整体拓扑特征,分析网络的hub氨基酸差异,计算7种中心性特征。实验表明,IRS2氨基酸相互作用网络的平均度及聚类系数高于IRS1的1QQG、5U1M、6BNT;IRS2中的hub氨基酸ATP、LYS、ILE是IRS1所没有的;除子图中心性和特征向量中心性外,IRS2网络中节点的其他中心性特征均优于IRS1。结果表明,IRS2的氨基酸相互作用网络中,节点聚集程度较高,更容易形成模块,更容易到达其他节点,与其他节点发生通讯。可以推测:IRS2在胰岛素对肝脏的代谢调控中比IRS1发挥着更加重要的作用。     

几种油脂生成分的同质多晶晶型

针对固态油脂中大量共同存在的对称型脂肪酸甘油酯进行详尽的研究，报告它们的多晶态种类及晶型结构等问题。     

Effect of taurine administration on liver lipids in guinea pig

Summary The oral administration of 0.4% taurine in drinking water for 14 consecutive days showed the following hepatic effects in male guinea pig. The percentage of tauro-conjugated biliary bile acids was increased from 17.2–54.2%; the ratio liver weight/body weight was increased, and fatty change was induced. Liver triglyceride concentration was accordingly increased; diglyceride and phosphatidylcholine concentrations were reduced by the treatment, while phosphatidylethanolamine level was not affected. These changes suggest an adverse effect of taurine administration on phosphatidylcholine hepatic synthesis.     

Implications of toxins in the ecology and evolution of plant pathogenic microorganisms: Bacteria

This review attempts to rationalise what is known about bacterial phytotoxins and associate it with the ecology and possible evolution of the producing organisms. Study of non-toxin producing variants gives insight into the ecological role of the toxin. Elucidation of chemical structures of phytotoxins has shown that many exist as families of analogous compounds. Studies on the variation of chemical structures and how they are distributed across species and genera can lead to development of hypotheses on evolutionary relationships. Knowledge on biosynthetic pathways to tosins allows recognition of specific enzymatic steps involved in developing the characteristic features of the structures. Phytotoxins often have a potent biochemical activity, and in some cases the producing organism has associated mechanisms to prevent action of the toxin upon itself; in such cases toxigenesis is clearly not a chance event. The various aspects of bacterial toxigenesis indicate that bacterial phytotoxins are special secondary metabolic products that play beneficial roles to the producing organisms in their various ecological niches.     

N-酰基谷氨酸系表面活性剂的研制

本文报道了性能优越、用途广泛的氨基酸类阴离子表面活性剂——N-酰基谷氨酸系列产品的研制情况.