Morphine 6 glucuronide stimulates nitric oxide release in mussel neural tissues: evidence for a morphine 6 glucuronide opiate receptor subtype

We have previously demonstrated that Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia contain opiate alkaloids, i.e., morphine and morphine 6 glucuronide (M6G), as well as mu opiate receptor subtype fragments exhibiting high sequence similarity to those found in mammals. Now we demonstrate that M6G stimulates pedal ganglia constitutive nitric oxide (NO) synthase (cNOS)-derived NO release at identical concentrations and to similar peak levels as morphine. However, the classic opiate antagonist, naloxone, only blocked the ability of morphine to stimulate cNOS-derived NO release and not that of M6G. CTOP, a mu-specific antagonist, blocked the ability of M6G to induce cNOS-derived NO release as well as that of morphine, suggesting that a novel mu opiate receptor was present and selective toward M6G. In examining a receptor displacement analysis, both opiate alkaloids displaced [³H]-dihydromorphine binding to the mu opiate receptor subtype. However, morphine exhibited a twofold higher affinity, again suggesting that a novel mu opiate receptor may be present. Received 1 November 2001; received after revision 1 February 2002; accepted 1 February 2002     

Apoptosis of Spodoptera litura larval hemocytes induced by heavy metal zinc

By adding different amount of zinc into the artificial medium of the insect larvae, the zinc-induced apoptosis of the larvae haemocytes of the herbivorous insect Spodoptera litura Fabricius was investigated with flow cytometer. The results showed that the increase of zinc dose in the artificial feed led to the accumulations of zinc in the larval hemolymph and fat body, and more zinc was accumulated in fat body than in hemolymph. The apoptosis of hemocytes was significantly induced at high zinc concentration （1000 mg·kg^-1） in the insect diet, and the apoptosis rate was 63.63%, which was remarkably higher than that at control and lower concentrations （50--500 mg·kg^-1）. This suggests that the high dose of zinc in the artificial diet of S. litura larvae could induce the apoptosis of the larval hemocytes of S. litura.     

Adsorption of polyelectrolyte on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and the stability of colloidal dispersions

How to prevent flocculation is a universal problem in synthesis and application of nanoparticles. Because of high surface activity, nanoparticles tend to form large di-mension of aggregates with some loose contact interface. When solid particles are suspended in polyelectrolyte so-lution, polymer chains are adsorbed on the surface of par-ticles and they render to stabilize the corresponding parti-cles. The stabilizing property of polyelectrolytes is the reason for wide application in many fiel…     

前驱体溶液对(W, Ni, Fe)复合氧化物粉末制备的影响

研究前驱体溶液状态对喷雾干燥法制备（W, Ni, Fe）复合氧化物粉末特性的影响. 采用高倍扫描电镜对所制备的复合粉末进行形貌观察, 并对所制得复合氧化物粉末的Fsss粒度, 比表面, W、 Ni和Fe含量等进行了测定与分析. 研究结果表明： 在质量分数为20%的（W, Ni, Fe）混合盐溶液中添加0.6 g/L 聚乙二醇-1000所配制的溶胶作为前驱体溶液制备的粉末特性最好, 制得一次颗粒粒度细小（为40～50 nm）、分布均匀、分散性好、非晶化显著且大部分为球形的纳米级（W, Ni, Fe）复合氧化物粉末.     

添加锌电解阳极泥对ZnS浸出过程的影响

在锌焙烧烟尘热酸浸出过程中,来自于铁酸锌溶解的三价铁离子被用作焙烧烟尘中ZnS浸出的氧化剂.为了提高锌的浸出率,研究了在浸出过程中加入锌电解阳极泥对ZnS浸出的影响.考察的浸出条件包括阳极泥加入量、温度、硫酸浓度和反应时间.试验结果表明,阳极泥中的MnO2有助于焙烧烟尘中ZnS的氧化浸出.在最佳的条件下,通过加入阳极泥(锰加入量为焙烧烟尘质量的4%)可将锌的浸出率由94%提高到97%以上.     

人类新基因ZNF322的研究进展

根据计算机克隆的ZNF322基因序列设计引物,从人类胚胎心脏文库中克隆了ZNF322基因.该基因位于染色体6p22.1,编码由402个氨基酸残基组成、含有9个连续排列的C2H2型锌指蛋白质.Northern杂交的结果表明该基因在成人所有被检测组织中表达。亚细胞定位研究证明ZNF322蛋白分布在胞核和胞质中.报告基因分析显示ZNF322是一种潜在的转录激活因子.     

由碳还原KMnO4制备氧化锰/碳超级电容材料

以碳粉为还原剂，在酸性条件下与KMnO₄反应制备了粉末状氧化锰/碳复合材料，研究了碳还原剂种类（活性炭、石墨化中间相碳微球和膨胀石墨）以及镍、钴、铒离子对制备的氧化锰/碳粉末结构及电化学性能的影响。采用X-衍射技术和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了氧化锰/碳的结晶结构及表面形态。结果表明，活性炭具有较强的还原能力，氧化锰/碳材料具有良好的电化学电容行为，其中以活性炭为还原剂制备的氧化锰/碳具有较高的电容量，质量比容量达117F/g，掺杂镍、钴后质量比容量达到185F/g。     

生物法处理含锌废水的试验研究

微生物对处理金属污染的废水具有潜在的优势,本试验在厌氧或兼性厌氧的条件下采用液体培养基对阴沟菌和厌氧菌培养,对污染物Zn的去除率在48h就已经达到了80%左右,大大缩短了微生物吸附降解锌的反应周期,最后锌以硫化锌沉淀的形式从水体中去除.     

氧化栲胶溶液性质的研究

利用溶液的光学性质和渗透性质试验,得出氧化栲胶溶液和栲胶脱硫液属于高分子溶液以及生产上栲胶脱硫液属于胶体溶液的结论。     

Fe3O4聚脲微胶囊的制备及性能

用甲苯2,4（2,6）-二异氰酸酯（TDI）为壁材原料,Fe3O4作为芯材,由原位聚合法制得了Fe3O4聚脲微胶囊.通过红外光谱分析和亲水性的比较,证明了Fe3O4已被聚脲包覆.用热分析方法测定了微胶囊内Fe3O4的质量百分比为5.0%、10.2%、15.2%.扫描电镜观察说明,当原料质量比m（Fe3O4）∶m（TDI）=（0.2~0.4）∶2时,微胶囊的分散性好于Fe3O4,此时,微胶囊磁性与Fe3O4相似.微胶囊化的Fe3O4密度为（1.01~1.45）g/cm3,小于原Fe3O4的密度（3.12 g/cm3）.Fe3O4聚脲微胶囊能分散于丙烯酸异辛酯、丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、二乙烯三胺、甲苯、乙醇、乙醇水溶液[w（C2H5OH）=30%]、二缩三乙二醇等有机溶剂中,且能稳定存在180 d以上,有望用于涂料、油墨、粘合剂等领域.