柠檬酸钠生产新工艺研究

提出了以柠檬酸母液、ＮａＯＨ为原料,在乙醇存在下生产柠檬酸钠的新工艺,研究了结晶温度、乙醇用量和溶液的ｐＨ值等因素对产品收率的影响,确定了适宜的生产工艺条件。新工艺在不同程度上解决了现行工艺中存在的生产成本高、周期长和环境污染等问题。     

沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备纳米Mg(OH)2的研究

该文利用沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备粒径分布均匀的纳米Mg(OH)2,并采用热重/差示扫描法(TG-DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(IR)等现代分析测试技术对颗粒结构进行表征.结果表明,用正丁醇共沸蒸馏能有效地防止干燥过程中颗粒间的硬团聚,获得分散性良好的纳米粉体.     

Metal oxide and hydroxide nanoarrays: Hydrothermal synthes is and applications as superc apacitors and nanocatalysts

The development of nanotechnology in recent decades has brought new opportunities in the exploration of new materials for solving the issues of fossil fuel consumption and environment pollution.Materials with nano-array architecture are emerging as the key due to their structure advantages,which offer the possibility to fabricate high-performance electrochemical electrodes and catalysts for both energy storage and effcient use of energy.The main challenges in this feld remain as rational structure design and corresponding controllable synthesis.This article reviews recent progress in our laboratory related to the hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide and hydroxide nanoarrays,whose structures are designed aiming to the application on supercapacitors and catalysts.The strategies for developing advanced materials of metal oxide and hydroxide nanoarrays,including NiO,Ni(OH)2,Co3O4,Co3O4@Ni–Co–O,cobalt carbonate hydroxide array,and mixed metal oxide arrays like Co3 xFex O4and Znx Co3 xO4,are discussed.The different kinds of structure designs such as 1D nanorod,2D nanowall and hierarchical arrays were involved to meet the needs of the high performance materials.Finally,the future trends and perspectives in the development of advanced nanoarrays materials are highlighted.     

电沉积法制备Co(OH)_2薄膜及其电化学性能研究

在硝酸钴溶液中,通过电沉积在镍箔基底上制备出了Co(OH)2薄膜.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)表征了产物的结构和形貌,用红外光谱(FT-IR)对所制样品的组分进行了分析,用循环伏安和恒电流充放电等测试方法对其电化学性能进行了研究.结果表明,具有均匀片状网络形貌的Co(OH)2表现出优良的电化学性能,其单电极比电容值达1042F.g-1,有望成为电化学电容器电极材料.     

机械化学法合成 Mg-Al-OH 类水滑石的研究简

以MgO和Al2O3为起始反应物,用机械水热法制备出高结晶度单相纳米晶Mg—Al—OH类水滑石．用x射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）及红外光谱（FT-IR）等表征方法对合成产物进行了表征,结果表明：制备的Mg—Al-OH类水滑石具有高度的分散性;前期的碾磨操作在后期的水热处理形成类水滑石的过程中发挥着重要的作用．Mg—Al-OHHTlc晶体形成经历了机械活化和扩散两个过程．