Influence of alloplasm on resistance to wheat scab

Using alloplasmic wheat as test materials, the genetic effect of cytoplasm on wheat scab resistance was studied by three methods including the determination of resistance of explant calli toGibberella zeae toxin, the identification of inoculating single fixed position and the identification of field resistance. The results showed that among “the homonucleo-heterocytoplasmic lines”, resistance of calli toG. zeae toxin was different; the difference of cytoplasmic effect among different nucleoplasm combinations showed certain nucleoplasm interaction relation. Resistance of hybrid F₁ plants of reciprocal cross between alloplasmic line and disease-sensitive wheat variety to wheat scab was of clear difference. Hybrid F₁ of reciprocal cross betweenAe. ventricosa cytoplasmic wheat and disease-sensitive or -resistant wheat variety all exhibited fine resistance effect of alloplasm. Compared with general common wheat variety, most alloplasmic wheats tested have stronger resistance. A few selected lines havingAe. ventricosa cytoplasm have a strong and stable resistance to scab. They can be a finer new resistant source.     

我国水机磨蚀研究及防护措施

水力机械的磨蚀是我国多泥沙河流上运行的机组长期以来面临的疑难问题。多年来,不少水利工程技术人员对此进行了大量的研究工作,从磨蚀机理的研究到磨蚀的治理均取得了一定的进展。本文对我国近年来关于磨蚀的研究成果及各种防护措施的应用情况作了回顾和综述,同时提出了水力机组应注重在线监测,选择适宜时机对机组进行检修以减轻磨蚀破坏的设想。     

Regulation of the cell cycle following DNA damage in normal and Ataxia telangiectasia cells

A proportion of the population is exposed to acute doses of ionizing radiation through medical treatment or occupational accidents, with little knowledge of the immedate effects. At the cellular level, ionizing radiation leads to the activation of a genetic program which enables the cell to increase its chances of survival and to minimize detrimental manifestations of radiation damage. Cytotoxic stress due to ionizing radiation causes genetic instability, alterations in the cell cycle, apoptosis, or necrosis. Alterations in the G1, S and G2 phases of the cell cycle coincide with improved survival and genome stability. The main cellular factors which are activated by DNA damage and interfere with the cell cycle controls are: p53, delaying the transition through the G1-S boundary; p21^WAF1/CIPI, preventing the entrance into S-phase; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and replication protein A (RPA), blocking DNA replication; and the p53 variant protein p53as together with the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), with less defined functions during the G2 phase of the cell cycle. By comparing a variety of radioresistant cell lines derived from radiosensitive ataxia talangiectasia cells with the parental cells, some essential mechanisms that allow cells to gain radioresistance have been identified. The results so far emphasise the importance of an adequate delay in the transition from G2 to M and the inhibition of DNA replication in the regulation of the cell cycle after exposure to ionizing radiation.     

钢管砼增强高强砼柱的抗震性能研究

在轴压力及水平反复荷载作用下，对３８根截面核心用钢管砼增强的高强砼柱的抗震性能进行了试验研究．根据试验结果，分析了柱的破坏机理和影响柱强度及延性的主要因素．对最小体积配箍率、最小钢管面积比以及最大轴压比等参数提出了建议，以保证设计所要求的延性     

防灾工程投资减灾效益的动态评价

灾害防御作为一个系统工程，其经济效果的评价应包括对灾工程投资，日常维护费用、工程加固费用以及灾害损失等诸方面的综合考虑，文中通过随机过程这一假设的建立，提出了防灾工程投资和灾害损失的动态估算模式，为正确评价防灾工程投资经济效果和工程方案的优化打下了基础。     

碱法造纸废液化学改性法制高温堵剂的研究

碱法造纸废液与苯酚、甲醛反应,生成的改性水溶液在200～300℃的高温条件下能生成凝胶,其胶凝时间为24～8小时,胶凝时间受组分的浓度、胶凝反应温度、溶液的pH值、溶液含盐量等因素的影响,生成的凝胶具有较高的强度,且耐高温,不溶于水,将其用于蒸汽开采稠油中,对不均质地层的高渗透层进行封堵,可提高稠油采收率。     

20%Cr合金中碳化物在高温磨损时的作用

用自行研制的高温磨粒磨损试验机对含碳量为0.82%～2.94%的Fe20%Cr合金进行了800℃下的高温磨粒磨损试验。通过对磨损面的形貌分析并结合磨损面亚表层的组织变化,讨论了合金中共晶碳化物在高温磨损时的作用。结论指出:在高温磨损过程中共晶碳化物可以起到提高材料抗磨性的作用,但在很大程度上还取决于基体组织对它的支撑。如果两者能够很好地配合,则可更进一步提高在高温磨损工况下材料的抗磨粒磨损性能。     

耐高温高分子材料的热分解动力学

本文用热重法研究了四种耐高温分子材料:聚芳醚酮酮、热致性液晶共聚芳酯、溶致性液晶聚芳酰胺和聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺的热分解动力学.采用Ozawa方法和Coata-Redforn方法处理并计算了热分解动力学参数:活化能Ed、反应级数n、频率因子A．     

低噪声晶体管放大器的设计

以实现声频放大器低噪声化为出发点，阐述了具体设计的几个方面．从低噪声放大器设计的基本原理和方法入手，对晶体管放大器的噪声模型（Ｅｎ－Ｉｎ模型）作了分析，并推导出一种实用的最佳源电阻Ｒｓｏｐｔ近似求法．还对系统电路的低噪声设计略加探讨．     

压力自动检测系统的抗干扰设计

讨论压力自动检测系统中模－数转换前的模拟量的抗干扰处理，主要是对反映压力变化的电信号传送／变换的设计和同步式采样／保持电路的设计。