汽车风阻系数试验与数值模拟的对比分析

汽车风阻系数（C_d）可以通过道路滑行试验、风洞试验和数值模拟获得。其中，滑行试验最接近实际使用工况，但受环境因素影响较大，风阻系数重复性稍差；风洞试验重复性最好；数值模拟具有不确定性，其原因在于湍流模型、网格策略等的选择对结果可能产生直接影响。为此，对15款乘用车滑行试验、风洞试验和数值拟模结果进行分析，结果发现以滑行试验作为对比基准，其结果大多介于风洞试验和数值模拟的0°~5°偏航角之间。此外，通过对以滑行为代表的道路行驶工况、风洞试验与数值模拟的差异点进行讨论，并对某款电动车车型使用3种方法获得的风阻系数进行对比分析，对误差产生原因进行初步解析。     

海洋鱼类和青蟹抗菌肽hepcidin和scygonadin的研究

抗菌肽或抗微生物肽因具有杀死或抑制微生物的共同特性,近年来科学家又将这些肽类称为"天然抗生素",有望在将来作为一种新型的生物药物替代现有的化学类抗生素.海洋动物中蕴藏着世界上丰富的抗菌活性物质,研究与开发应用海洋动物抗菌肽成为近年来的研究热点.结合国内外的相关研究进展,简要总结了课题组近年来在我国海水养殖鱼类抗菌肽hepcidin和青蟹抗菌肽scygonadin的研究进展,从抗菌肽的蛋白分离、纯化、基因克隆、基因表达模式、基因工程表达以及抗菌肽合成与表达产品的抗菌活性等进行了简要细致的叙述,对深入探索海洋动物抗菌肽在我国水产养殖业的开发应用具有重要的参考价值.     

浙江沿岸养殖贝类有毒有害物质污染状况监测研究

2009-2010年对浙江沿岸三门湾、乐清湾和嵊泗海水贝类养殖区采样151批次,连续2年监测了贝类微生物、贝类毒素和重金属有毒有害物质的污染状况.结果表明浙江沿岸贝类产品尚存在一定风险,部分样品有贝类毒素检出或重金属含量超标现象,应引起贝类消费者和相关渔业管理部门的重视.     

民族地区和东南沿海上市公司综合财务能力比较研究

通过对民族地区和东南沿海所选地区整体上市公司以及基础设施、采掘业、旅游、医药等重点或者特殊行业上市公司在2008年金融危机前后共3年的综合财务指标进行对比分析,得出了民族地区虽然整体财务状况不如东南沿海地区,但民族地区存在部分优势产业和潜在优势产业,应找出其优势产业和潜在优势产业进行重点培育,从而带动民族地区经济和社会的发展,拉近与东南沿海地区的差距,实现共同、平衡发展.     

基于遥感资料的夏季广东沿岸上升流分布特征

【目的】研究广东沿岸夏季上升流的时空变化规律及其对沿岸区域气候的影响。【方法】采用Sobel梯度算法,综合MODIS海表温度和QuikSCAT海面风场资料对2003年夏季广东沿海上升流的范围、强度、持续时间等时空分布特征进行综合分析。【结果】广东沿岸海域存在明显的上升流现象,整体呈现强弱强的特征,在7月初出现具有明显上升流特征的低温表层水,至7月底低温水活动减弱至最低,于8月初又存在一个增强的过程;同时,上升流并非始终稳定存在。【结论】对比海表温度数据和风场资料可以发现,上升流的强度、持续时间等与风场的变化存在密切联系,风场是上升流的一个重要影响因素,此外,沿岸水团的分布也是影响广东沿岸上升流空间分布的重要因素。     

5000年来秦皇岛至成山角海岸新构造运动分析

在列举全新世渤海海岸３１００－３９００ａＢ．Ｐ和５００－６００ａＢ．Ｐ．两期海平面遗迹资料的基础上，分析了沿海岸走向同期异地古少平面遗迹高度的变化规律，发现５０００ａ来郯庐断裂的活动对古海平面遗迹分布高度变化的影响，从而讨论了渤海海岸带的新构造特征。     

Sediment dynamic responses of coastal salt marsh to typhoon “KAEMI” in Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province, China

−In order to understand the mechanisms of coastal protection by salt marshes during typhoon events, in situ measurements of water level, tidal current speed and direction, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were carried out using Electromagnetic Current Meter (EMCM, AEM HR), miniature pressure sensor (MkV/D) and Seapoint Turbidity Meter (STM) sensor on a tidal flat in Quanzhou Bay, during the period when the typhoon “KAEMI” was passing through the region. The analysis of the data obtained shows that the near-bed current speed within the Spartina alterniflora marsh was generally below 5 cm s⁻¹, which was apparently smaller than on the adjacent bare flat (i.e. 5―30 cm s⁻¹). The change in the near-bed current speed in response to the typhoon event was not significant within the S. alterniflora marsh, but the current direction was influenced by the typhoon. The effect of the typhoon on the SSC was highly significant, with the SSC reaching 13 to 19 times the values on the bare flat or within the marsh under fair weather conditions; the near-bed SSC within the marsh was higher than on the bare flat, after the typhoon landed. The near-bed suspended sediment fluxes within the marsh and on the bare flat during the typhoon event were both enhanced, i.e., 4 times larger than under fair weather conditions. During the ebb, the bottom shear stress on the bare flat exceeded the critical shear stress for sediment motion for most of the ebb duration of the tide and, therefore, the bed sediment was eroding, with the erosion flux after the typhoon landed being around 2 to 3 times the value associated with fair weather conditions. In contrast, within the S. alterniflora marsh, the bottom shear stress was mostly lower than the critical shear stress for sediment motion, or lower than the critical shear stress for the maintenance of suspension; hence, the marsh surface was dominated by settling processes, with a settling flux during the typhoon being 3 to 6 times compared with the fair weather situations. The settling flux during the ebb was up to twice the magnitude for the flood. The comparison of sediment dynamic processes between the S. alterniflora marsh and the bare flat demonstrates that during the typhoon event the bare flat was dominated by erosion, whilst the presence of S. alterniflora favored the accretion of suspended sediment.     

浙江沿海端足类Amphipoda(甲壳纲)的研究

首次对浙江沿海的１１种端足类（分属３亚目，８科）作了研究，对各种的主要形态特征及生活习性作了记述．     

鲧、禹神话原型研究中的“捞泥造陆说”献疑

鲧、禹父子治水相关记载既有超自然的神话，也有远古历史传说，一般认为先有超自然的神话，经过历史化改造，转变为远古历史传说。鲧、禹故事无论历史化发生之前，还是之后，其基本内容都是治理洪水，和创世神话似乎无关。部分神话学家认为这组治水神话的原型是创世神话之一即所谓“捞泥造陆”型似乎根据不足。     

砂泥交互储层定向井压裂裂缝穿层扩展真三轴实验研究

对于低渗透砂泥互层储层,为沟通更多砂岩层并增加泄油面积,通常采用斜井结合水力压裂技术进行开发。与直井和水平井相比,斜井中水力裂缝的起裂、转向形态复杂,而近井区域的裂缝复杂程度决定了压裂效果。针对储层中砂泥互层的情况,利用物理模拟实验,研究了砂泥互层中不同钻完井参数及地应力条件下水力裂缝起裂、转向和垂向扩展形态。研究结果表明:方位角和水平应力差对裂缝扩展能力有很大影响,当方位角较大,水平应力差较小时,近井区域裂缝扭曲程度大,数量多,不利于裂缝垂向扩展和施工后期加砂;泥岩层会阻碍裂缝垂向扩展,砂岩层与泥岩层之间应力差越高,阻碍作用越大,裂缝越不容易从砂岩层进入泥岩层。根据实验所得结论,提出了组合及分层压裂的判断依据。