青藏高原北部晚三叠世伟齿蛤动物群的发现及其意义

青藏高原北部雀莫错附近发现大量保存完好的伟齿蛤类等双壳类化石,包括Neomegalodon cornutus(sp．nov．),Quemocuomegalodon orientus Yao et a1．,Q．longitatus Yao et a1．,Q．circularis(sp．nov．),共生有Bakevellia praecursor(Quenstedt)等．据此,该含化石地层确定为上三叠统;指出它们属典型的特提斯动物群;并为修订伟齿蛤科的现行分类方案奠定了基础。     

近20年黄土高原干旱变化特征及其影响因素

为促进黄土高原农业和生态环境可持续发展,基于2001—2020年MODIS蒸散产品和气象站点数据,利用作物缺水指数(crop water stress index, CWSI)、Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验和偏相关分析等方法,探讨了黄土高原干旱变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明：(1)年际上,2001—2020年黄土高原CWSI呈显著线性下降过程,下降速率为0.005 8 a^-1(P<0.01)。干旱程度呈先减(2001—2018年)后增(2018—2020年)过程;(2)空间上,CWSI以减少趋势为主,显著减少趋势占区域总面积91.24%,其中青海、甘肃、宁夏、陕西南部地区CWSI下降速率较快;(3)黄土高原CWSI与气温以负偏相关关系为主,显著负偏相关占区域面积的7.78%,集中分布于青海东部、山西南部和河南北部;与降水以负偏相关关系为主,显著负偏相关占区域总面积60.88%,集中分布于黄土高原西南部和东部地区。气温升高背景下,降水增加促使黄土高原实际蒸发显著增加、潜在蒸发不显著减少,导致CWSI显著下降。研究结论认...     

鄂南黄土塬高密度地震勘探关键技术

鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬地区表层结构复杂,地震波吸收衰减严重,纵向目标层系多,构造幅度低,储层微断裂发育、非均质性强、预测精度低,岩溶孔隙及断缝尺度小,难以识别。为此,在该地区系统开展了高密度三维地震采集、目标处理、综合解释一体化技术攻关。基于地质效果优化采集方案设计,采用小组合、适中面元、宽方位、高覆盖的观测系统,应用井震联合宽频激发与全节点接收,在保障地震资料一定信噪比的基础上进一步提高分辨率。在保真、保幅的前提下,应用高精度融合静校正技术、特色噪声衰减技术及煤层屏蔽下弱信号成像技术,获得了高品质的地震资料。针对断缝体及上古生界成藏主控因素的地震地质特点,建立了高分辨率储层预测、高精度断裂识别与圈闭描述技术,最终形成了一套黄土塬高质高效地震勘探关键技术体系。将该技术应用于鄂尔多斯盆地南部HS工区高密度三维地震勘探,获得了高品质的地震资料,取得了较好的勘探效果。     

中国新近纪哺乳动物演化对重大气候环境变化的响应

新近纪是全球环境发生重大变化的时期,而青藏高原的形成与演变是亚洲乃至全球气候环境变迁的重要驱动力。认清新近纪哺乳动物从青藏高原到蒙古高原的分布规律和生态特征,是了解青藏高原隆升对我国地貌和气候的改造及其对全球气候格局的影响的重要手段。哺乳动物对气候环境的变化非常敏感,而中国在新近纪哺乳动物方面有着得天独厚的优势。临夏盆地和蒙古高原中部分别处于青藏高原隆升的堆积区和影响区,有广泛发育的能够反映隆升和古气候的沉积物,地层出露完好,保存有非常丰富的哺乳动物化石。在两个地区进行对比研究的结果对于理解全球新近纪一系列重大环境和生态事件,特别是青藏高原隆升以及亚洲季风形成和生物交流等问题具有重要科学意义。     

内蒙古高校体育课程现状调查与对策研究

运用文献资料法,问卷调查及数理统计等方法,通过对内蒙古高校体育课程教学实施状况的综合调查,总结出体育课程教学实施过程中出现的诸多问题,利用社会学、心理学等理论,对其进行深入分析,提出相应对策,为进一步推进内蒙古高校体育课程改革向纵深方向发展提供科学的理论依据．     

蒙药地格达-4味汤的研究进展

对蒙药“地格达-4味汤”进行了化学成分、药理作用、剂型改进、质量控制、临床研究等方面的文献综述,为进一步深入研究和开发应用该蒙药提供参考依据．     

青藏高原退化高寒草地生态系统恢复和可持续发展探讨

近年来,青藏高原草地生态环境安全引起人们的高度重视,但是其生态环境仍处于不断恶化的状态。本文分析了青藏高原高寒草地生态系统的草地退化现状、退化因素和改良技术研究等,并针对其现状和恢复目标,为高寒草地生态系统和草地畜牧业的可持续发展提出了一些建议:加强高寒草地生态系统的基础研究,建立综合的草地改良和恢复技术体系,加强草地生态系统的管理,建立合理的草地放牧制度体系,并建立高效的饲草供应人工草地,在退化草地上建立集约化的高效社区模式草地畜牧业体系,改变退化草地生态功能,是实现退化高寒草地生态恢复、生物多样性保护和经济可持续发展的最佳措施。     

《蒙古-卫拉特法典》立法伦理思想初探

《蒙古-卫拉特法典》是古代蒙古族三大法律文献之一,被俄国著名东方学家雅金夫·比丘林称为“十七世纪蒙古社会的一面镜子”。该法典最具代表性立法伦理思想包括：“天人和谐”的生态伦理思想,“尚善行善”的黄教伦理思想,尊重妇女的社会伦理思想。     

Indian monsoon influences altitude effect of δ~(18)O in precipitation/river water on the Tibetan Plateau

The δ^18O variation in precipitation acquired from 28 stations within the network of Tibetan Observation and Research Platform （TORP） is studied, with the focus on the altitude effect of δ^18O in river water during monsoon precipitation in an effort to understand the monsoon influence on isotopic composition in annual river water. It is found that δ^18O in precipitation on the Plateau is influenced by different moisture sources, with significant Indian monsoon influence on δ^18O composition in plateau precipitation and river water. The δ^18O of water bodies in the monsoon domain is generally more depleted than that in the westerly domain, suggesting gradual rainout of southwesterly borne marine moisture in the course of long-distance transportation and lifting over the Himalayas. The lapse rate of δ^18O in river water with altitude is the largest during monsoon precipitation, due to the increased temperature vertical gradient over the southern Plateau region controlled by monsoon circulation. The combination of δ^18O in river water in monsoon （wet） and non-monsoon （dry） seasons shows a larger lapse rate than that in non-monsoon （dry） season alone. As the altitude effect of δ^18O in precipitation and river water on the Tibetan Plateau results from the combined effect of monsoon moisture supply and westerly moisture supply, the δ^18O composition and its altitude effect on the Plateau during monsoon seasons should be considered in the reconstruction of paleoelevation of the Tibetan Plateau.     

Eclogites in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau and their geodynamic implications

Eclogites have been recently reported in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau, including in the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt, in the Basu metamorphic massif of the eastern Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, and at Songdo and Pengco in the eastern Lhasa terrane. Some typical ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） metamorphic phenomena, e.g., garnet exsolution from clinopyroxene, were documented in the Basu and Pengco eclogites. The UHP metamorphism in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau marked by these eclogites generally took place in the Early Mesozoic. Along with exhumation of these eclogites, （post-） collision-related magmatism extensively occurred around the central Qiangtang belt, the eastern Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, and the eastern Lhasa terrane. The occurrence of these Early Mesozoic eclogites manifests an out-of-sequence evolution of the Tethys, and they could be a product of diachronous collision between the eastern Qiangtang terrane and the irregular continental margin of the united western Qiangtang-Lhasa plate, along the linked eastern Bangong-Nujiang-central Qiangtang zone. The collision-related magmatic rocks could have been originated from lithospheric thickening, melting, or detachment due to the collision. The presence of UHP metamorphic rocks in central Qiangtang and Basu implies likely continental deep-subduction, and the denudation of these two metamorphic zones could have served as the source of the Triassic turbidites in the Songpan-Garze complex and the Jurassic turbidites in the western Bangong-Nujiang zone, respectively. However, studies of the eclogites in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau just began, and many principal aspects still remain to be explored, such as their distributions, typical lithologies and minerals, temperature-pressure conditions, timing of formation and exhumation, protoliths and tectonic setting, and relationship with the evolution of the Tethys and large-scale basins in Tibet.