重金属胁迫对泥鳅肝胰脏ATPase和SOD活性的影响

以泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）为研究对象,研究不同重金属离子（Cd、Pb、Zn）在不同暴露时间（1、2、4、7、14、21、28、35 d）、不同暴露浓度（0.05、0.5、5.0 mg/L）下对泥鳅肝胰脏ATPase和SOD活性的影响.结果显示,处理组中ATPase和SOD活性分别为0.300～1.820和0.206～2.477;活性变化表现为先下降后上升再下降;低浓度处理组（Cd0.05和Zn0.5对ATPase;Cd0.05组对SOD活性在1 d时）对它们的活性有极显著诱导作用（P〈0.01）,高浓度处理组（Cd5.0、Pb0.5和Pb5.0组对ATPase;Pb5.0、Zn0.5和Zn5.0对SOD活性在1 d时）则表现为显著抑制作用（P〈0.05）;混合重金属离子间相互作用十分复杂,既有协同作用也有拮抗作用,但均表现为毒性增强作用,对ATPase和SOD活性的诱导作用减弱,抑制作用增强.     

几种因素对泥鳅排卵量的影响

试验研究了体长、催产剂、水体温度、水体盐度及水体pH值对泥鳅排卵量的影响。结果表明 ,泥鳅的排卵量随其体长的增长而增加 ;催产剂具有促进泥鳅的排卵作用 ,其效果与催产剂的种类有关 ;培育温度的变化对排卵量的影响较小 ;随盐度的增大 ,排卵量逐渐减小 ;在微酸性的环境中 ,泥鳅排卵较好     

光照强度对水质和泥鳅生长的影响

研究泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)在Ⅰ(0.1~10 lx)、Ⅱ(10~100 lx)、Ⅲ(100~1 000 lx)、Ⅳ(1 000~10 000 lx)4个光照强度下的生长和水质的情况.研究结果表明:1随着养殖的进行,水体氨氮含量是先增高后降低;30 d内Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ水体的亚硝酸盐氮含量逐渐上升,Ⅳ水体亚硝酸盐氮含量先增大后降低;2光照强度对泥鳅的日摄食量、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料效率有显著影响(P0.05).泥鳅的日摄食量随光照强度降低呈增大的趋势,当光照强度降低到Ⅱ,泥鳅的日摄食量保持恒定.泥鳅的特定生长率、饲料效率随光照强度的降低而增大.     

泥鳅规模化人工催产与孵化的研究

于2009年5月17日至6月5日,在浙江省湖州市进行了5次泥鳅人工繁殖试验。结果表明:累计催产种鳅314 kg,约21 980尾,获受精卵2 340万粒,得泥鳅水花苗1 850万尾。其催产率为68.3%～95.5%,平均值为84.2%;孵化率为56.8%～93.3%,平均值为81.21%。对种鳅筛选、抓捕器具、催产激素剂种配伍、产卵水流及水温等影响泥鳅人工繁殖因素进行了探索和试验,为泥鳅规模化繁殖提供参考。     

施其乐对泥鳅外周血红细胞核异常的诱导效应

采用施其乐对泥鳅进行染毒试验,用常规方法制备血涂片,以研究其不同浓度在不同时间范围内对泥鳅红细胞核异常的诱导效应。结果表明:施其乐能不同程度地引起泥鳅红细胞核异常率的升高,各浓度处理组泥鳅红细胞核异常率随着时间的延长而增加;整体来看,在各取样时间段内,红细胞核异常率随着浓度的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势。     

两种洗衣粉对泥鳅血清EST同工酶表达的影响

为探讨洗衣粉对泥鳅血清同工酶表达的影响,选择两种不同的洗衣粉（代号为AJ、BJ）分别以其24 h半数致死浓度（（LC50））为参考浓度,等差设定四个剂量组（18.25 mg/L,29 mg/L,39.75 mg/L和50.5 mg/L）,采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（PAGE）电泳法研究了洗衣粉对泥鳅血清酯酶（EST）表达的影响.结果表明两种洗衣粉在不同浓度染毒下均使泥鳅血清酯酶（EST）同工酶的酶活性变化显著,两种洗衣粉对泥鳅血清同工酶表达具有一定的影响,且不同洗衣粉对其影响程度不同.     

Chorion surface ultrastructure of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: adaptation to the environment and correlation with the reproductive strategy

The ultrastructure of the egg chorion surface in the loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A single micropyle, which belonged to type II, was found at the animal pole of an M. anguillicaudatus egg. Several sinistral grooves which originated at the micropyle probably served for sperm guidance. The egg envelope had numerous pores with bud-like fillings and a regular arrangement like honeycomb. Lots of small knobs were situated on the zona radiata at the vegetal pole. Water contact triggered egg stickiness within about 10 seconds. The egg surface became smooth after treatment with trypsin solution. The features of the micropyle, pores and stickiness were correlated with the reproductive strategy of the loach and are important for egg identification.     

4种鱼中DFF基因的检测

根据人类DFF基因的DNA序列，设计了一对引物，通过PCR扩增得到了该基因的一个片断，经地高辛标记作为探针对4种鱼基因组DNA（经过限制酶消化）进行了Southern杂交检测，结果表明：在鲤鱼和鲫鱼中存在一个大小为3.7Kb杂交带，在泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅中存在的杂交带为4.5Kb，明DFF基因在进化过程中具有保守性，本研究为鱼类DFF基因的克隆奠定了基础。     

Vitellogenic responses of male Chinese loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) exposed to the individual or binary mixtures of 17β-estradiol and nonylphenol

Male Chinese loaches were exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2) and nonylphenol (NP) both singly and in combination for 42 days using semi-static waterborne exposure system. Plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) was chosen as determining endpoint. The results demonstrated that 0.5 μg/L E2 could induce the enhancement of Vtg contents in male Chinese loaches after exposure for 21 days, which showed a time-related increasing manner; NP was also estrogenic to male Chinese loach, and the vitellogenic responses showed in a time-and dose-related manner, which was less potent than that of E2. The bi- nary mixtures of E2 and NP can significantly elicit the production of Vtg in male Chinese loaches, which was more potent than that of individual compounds, and Vtg induced in the binary mixture groups was higher than the summation of Vtg induced in the corresponding single-compound groups at the same concentration.     

人工催产时泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)尾部神经分泌系统单胺荧光和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的变化

在人工催产过程中,我们用单胺荧光结合乙酰胆碱醋酶(AChE)组化方法对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)尾部神经分泌系统进行了研究。给泥鳅注射LRH-A(0.05微克/克)12小时后,尾部神经分泌系统中单胺荧光强度明显比催产前增强,但神经分泌细胞的AChE活性却明显降低;当注射LRH-A 24小时和48小时后,单胺荧光强度减弱,而AChE活性却明显增强。