Supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe2O3 hollow nanospindle for microwave absorption application

A general strategy has been developed here to supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle (Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites) via electrostatic attraction and hydrothermal method. Fe³⁺ was first hydrolyzed and polymerized into Fe₂O₃, then dissolved into [Fe(H₂PO₄)_x]^3?x, resulting in hollow structure. The polyoxometalate existed in polyaniline as a proton-doped counter-ion form, rather than as a separate crystalline state. The protons and anions entered the PANI main chain and combined with N atoms of amines and imines on the PANI chain ((-NH^?+ ?= ?)/α-[SiW₁₁Ni(H₂O)O₃₉]^6-) to form poles and bipolar delocalization into π bonds of the whole polyaniline molecular chain, which leaded to conductance and polarization. The Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites were proven to be excellent microwave absorber in terms of reflection loss (R_L) and bandwidth. The maximum R_L value was up to ?53.6 ?dB at 3.5 ?mm and 6.9 ?GHz. The broadest absorption bandwidth exceeding ?10 dB was 6.3 ?GHz at a thickness of only 1.9 ?mm. Moreover, the ternary composites presented obvious multi-band absorption with the matching thickness range of 1.5–5 ?mm. The absorption peaks bandwidth reached as wide as 14.3 ?GHz, which included all C-Ku bands. The hollow and core-shell structures could provide non-uniform interface for the induced polarization loss and space for the reflecting and scattering of microwave. The carrier, pair-ion carrier and hydrogen bond network could lead to conduction loss. The magnetic losses were caused by eddy current effect and natural resonance. This work can lay a theoretical foundation for the design and performance regulation of new absorbing materials.     

微波提取胡椒碱的工艺研究

运用微波法对胡椒中胡椒碱进行提取,并采用HPLC对胡椒碱的含量进行测定,考察提取时间、提取温度、料液比、乙醇浓度及微波功率对胡椒碱收率的影响.实验结果表明:在提取时间为60min、提取温度为55℃、料液比为80:50、乙醇体积分数为80%及微波功率为500W的条件下,微波辅助提取胡椒碱的效果最佳,胡椒碱收率可达4.12%.     

多元醇对PET降解机理的研究

采用几种不同离子液体作为催化剂,采用微波辅助醇解法,研究废弃聚酯PET在不同多元醇（乙二醇,丙三醇,1,4-丁二醇）中的醇解机理并利用红外光谱初步判定醇解产物结构,综合三种表征,最终得到不同多元醇醇解PET的醇解机理．与此同时微波反应大大缩短了解聚时间,提高了解聚反应的效率．     

磁化等离子体通道天线中电磁波的色散特性

针对现有高功率微波武器辐射天线的不足,提出了将磁化等离子体通道用作电磁脉冲辐射天线的思想--磁化等离子体通道天线（MPCA）,分析了MPCA周围为有耗气体媒质时MPCA所传播的一般模式.简单阐述了MPCA的具体实现方法,根据MPCA的工作原理,建立了MPCA的几何模型,利用边界条件导出了MPCA最严格的色散方程.重点讨论了传播常数随等离子体参数、周围介质参数和外加磁场的变化.结果表明,有限磁场中的MPCA与无穷大磁场时具有一些不同的传播特性,这些结果对于该天线的实现很有参考价值.     

双频段直接检波型微波辐射计

介绍了双频段直接检波型微波辐射计,其工作频率为18.7 GHz和36.5 GHz,每个频率为双极化工作体制.经过性能测试,并与双频段超外差式微波辐射计进行对比.结果表明在性能指标相当的情况下,直接检波型微波辐射计更适于卫星搭载应用.     

苯并噻唑类酰脲化合物的微波合成及生物活性研究

苯并噻唑脲类化合物2可以通过中间体1和取代胺在微波反应条件下非常容易地得到。目标化合物2通过核磁共振氢谱,液质连用质谱,元素分析和单晶衍射的数据来确认。苯并噻唑脲类化合物具有较低的除草活性和杀虫活性,但是具有一定的杀菌活性。其中有些化合物具有较好的植物生长调节作用。     

废弃蛋壳微波合成羟基磷灰石

以废弃蛋壳为主要原料,通过微波法合成了羟基磷灰石。对产品进行了红外光谱表征。探讨了加热温度、反应时间、物料状态、前期处理对合成产物的影响。     

Preparing strong basic zeolite molecular sieve catalytic materials

Progress on preparing strong basic and superbasic zeolites, mainly obtained in China during last decade has been reviewed. Strong basic sites are difficult to be generated on zeolite by common way, e.g. adjusting the chemical composition of frameworks or loading alkali metal oxides/hydroxides owing to the special structure of zeolite. Through some novel methods such as modification with neutral salt of potassium or dispersion of MgO combined microwave irradiation, however, strong basic zeolites can be obtained, and the relationship between formation of superbasic sites and structure of support is discussed. Finally the research on strong basic zeolites is prospected.     

松材线虫病疫木的微波除害处理技术

采用微波技术对松材线虫病疫木板材进行除害处理并获得成功。通过对相关技术指标的测试,计算出松材线虫（Bursaphelenchus xylophilus（Steiner＆Buhrer）Niekle）和松褐天牛（Monochamus altermatus Hope）致死临界温度及不同厚度、湿度板材的有效处理时间。该项处理技术能够100％杀死松材线虫病疫木板材内松褐天牛和松材线虫,符合国家对松材线虫病疫木安全利用的要求。经安全性和稳定性测试,微波泄漏量低干国家标准,微波输出功率稳定,输送系统运转正常。该项处理技术高效快捷、安全可靠,对环境友好、先进适用,可用于一定厚度板材的检疫除害处理。     

微波与超声波辐照下松香的酯化反应研究

该文对在微波和超声波辐照下的松香与醇的酯化反应进行研究,结果表明,微波可显著促进松香的酯化反应.超声波的作用不明显,可能与松香酯在超声波体系易水解有关.