我国海相碳酸盐岩层系石油地质基本特征及含油气远景

中国海相碳酸盐岩层系经历了三大沉积构造演化阶段:早古生代海相碳酸盐岩层系演化阶段,晚古生代海相及海陆过渡相演化阶段,中新生代海相碳酸盐岩层系改造阶段.三大阶段造就了中国海相碳酸盐岩层系具有上、下油气组合.与国外海相沉积盆地和国内陆相沉积盆地相比,我国海相碳酸盐岩层系具有形成时间早,热演化程度高,经历了长期演化和复杂的生烃与成藏过程,勘探目的层埋藏深等特点.海相碳酸盐岩层系油气富集明显受控于以下几个方面:有效烃源岩发育与空间分布;优质盖层的发育与分布.尤其是膏盐岩的分布:有利储集相带发育与分布.同时,我国大中型海相碳酸盐岩层系油气田往往发育于沉积盆地古隆起、古斜坡及构造活动枢纽部位.目前我国大中型油气田的勘探前景主要应聚焦在海相碳酸盐岩层系发育的塔里木盆地、四川盆地及周缘、鄂尔多斯盆地.中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气资源丰富,具备形成大中型油气田的物质基础.在保存条件良好和有利油气聚集的部位仍可发现大规模的油气田,勘探潜力巨大.     

船用起重机磁流变防摆装置动力学分析及实验验证

为了解决船用起重机在执行吊装转运作业时,货物出现摆动降低工作效率且极易造成安全事故的问题。将磁流变技术引入到船用起重机防摆领域,设计了一种机械式防摆装置。推导了船-起重机-吊点-防摆装置-吊重的三维动力学模型。对装置的防摆效果进行分析,结果表明,当输入给磁流变防摆装置恒定电流时,随着电流增大,防摆效果愈加明显,在设定工作背景下,当给定电流2A时,对面内角及面外角的抑制分别为75%、82%。为了优化控制策略,降低能耗,提高防摆的鲁棒性,设计了变论域模糊PID(VUFPID)控制器。采用VUFPID控制器时,防摆装置对吊重摆动的面内角及面外角的抑制分别为85%,83%,能耗约为113J;采用A组恒定电流时,防摆装置对吊重摆动的面内角及面外角的抑制分别为60%,68%,能耗约为140J;采用B组恒定电流时,防摆装置对吊重摆动的面内角及面外角的抑制分别为50%,58%,能耗约为110J。可见采用VUFPID后,能实现低能耗,效果明显的防摆作用。最后搭建实物样机,验证了磁流变防摆装置的有效性。     

Ciliated protozoa from a volcanic crater-lake in Victoria,Australia

We have investigated the ciliated protozoa living in the crater-lake of an extinct volcano in Australia. Our principal objective was to discover if such a habitat— geographically distant and isolated from Europe (the latter having provided most of the diversity on which ciliate taxonomy is based)— could yield species that were unusual, and perhaps new to science. Numerous samples were taken from the superficial layer of lake sediment, and examined fresh in the laboratory. Thereafter, the samples were manipulated to encourage growth of rare and cryptic ciliate species. Eighty-five species of ciliated protozoa were identified. None of these was new, all having been found previously in fresh-or brackish water, sea water, or soil. All, apart from one (Oxytricha salmastra), are already known from Europe. In order to test our ability to discover new ciliate species, we examined a variety of water samples from other lakes, including those known to harbour endemic algae. One new ciliate species (Lembadion curvatum) was discovered in a lake in Western Tasmania. We conclude that the ciliate fauna of Australia is remarkably similar to that in Europe and other parts of the world. This is supported by the example of those ‘endemic’ ciliate species described in the literature which have, in response to additional sampling, been found elsewhere in the world.     

Four new species of Hargicotyle Mamaev, 1972 (Diclidophoridae) parasites on sciaenid fishes from Peru and Chile

Hargicotyle magna sp. nov., Hargicotyle paralonchuri sp. nov., Hargicotyle sciaenae sp. nov., from the gills of the Sciaenids Sciaena fasciata, Paralonchurus peruanus and Sciaena deliciosa, respectively, and Hargicotyle menticirrhi sp. nov. from the gill and mouth of Menticirrhus ophicephalus are described from the northern Chilean and central Peruvian coast. Distinct characteristics of the new species are the distribution of the vitelline follicles; the number and distribution of the testes, the size, shape and number of larval hooks; and the presence of one or two suckers in each clamp.     

某型海警舰艇电站自动化控制设计

为了提升某型海警舰艇在不同工况下电力负荷可靠有效分配的能力,依据舰艇电站系统结构,基于可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controlle,PLC)技术设计该型舰艇电站自动化控制系统.结合TPC人机界面完成舰艇电站自动化监控系统总体结构分析,给出控制系统I/O配置方案,设计包含电网参数采集和系统电...     

海洋遥感的研究进展

对国内外海洋遥感的发展情况进行了简单的回顾;以海冰冰情,海面风场,海洋水色等的监测为代表,重点介绍了海洋遥感的应用;最后对海洋遥感的研究重点和未来发展方向进行了评述。     

清水江三板溪水库浮游植物现状及影响评价

三板溪水库属于多年调节水库。本文对该水库建库前的浮游植物的现状及水库工程兴建后对其影响进行了研究和有关的评价     

红枫湖浮游植物分布(1995～1996)与水质污染评价初步研究

通过１９９５年４月至１９９６年６月逐月采样,对红枫湖浮游植物的种类组成、种群数量、季节变化、污染指示种、多样性指数、综合藻商、绿藻指数等方面进行研究,初步查清了红枫湖浮游植物的分布现状;选用生物指示法、藻类综合指数、绿藻指数、生物多样性指数等指标对水质污染及营养水平进行评价。红枫湖已受到重污染,属蓝———绿藻型富营养湖泊。     

有机氮化合物对海洋浮游植物生长的影响

研究了苯丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、尿素以及生活污水中的溶解有机氮化合物对骨条藻等海洋浮游植物生长速率的影响．结果表明这些有机氮可作为藻类生长的一种氮源，能被藻类间接或直接地吸收利用，对藻类的生长起到维持或促进作用。     

超声辐射对海水小球藻的生物效应

设计了一个超声频率、超声功率和辐射时间三因素四水平的正交实验,研究超声辐射对海水小球藻的生物效应.实验结果表明,在适宜超声频率条件下,采用低功率、短时间超声辐照可以提高海水小球藻生长速率和脂肪酸不饱和度及主要不饱和脂肪酸的百分含量.方差分析表明,在正交实验所确定的最佳超声条件下,其生长速率常数k×100(h