评杜鲁门时期的美国东南亚政策

随着冷战向亚洲扩展和亚洲冷战格局的形成,杜鲁门政府出台了一系列关于东南亚的政策文件,在美国历史上首次制订了系统、完整的东南亚政策,为美国东南亚冷战政策奠定了重要基础.通过对这些文件的研究,探讨杜鲁门时期的美国东南亚政策.     

Carton nest building and trophobiont manipulation in the south-east Asian ant Dolichoderus sulcaticeps (Mayr 1870) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Dolichoderus sulcaticeps, a rare canopy living dolichoderine ant, was studied in the rainforest of Malaysia. It forms large polycalyc colonies comprising partial nests on trees and climbers. The three dimensional multichambered partial nests are situated on the leaf underside. Fibrous nest material is gathered from the surface of the nesting plants and soaked with water from the plant surface. Building activity, therefore, is strictly dependent on the presence of rainfall or dew. Within the cell with plant leaf surface contact, as well as on free feeding sites, non specific coccid and membracid throphobionts, are tended. Free feeding sites are permanently protected. Mealybugs are transported between existing and new free feeding sites, as well as to and from nest pavilions, especially during their construction or destruction. Prey hunting has not been observed in D. sulcaticeps. The workers, however, recruit to offered dead prey, and scavenged. During the day they were permanently on the surface of plants around their nests and feeding sites.     

Stegana castanea species group (Diptera,Drosophilidae) from the Oriental region

The Stegana castanea species group is established as a morphological group within the subgenus Steganina, based on two known and six new species from the Oriental region: Stegana (Steganina) bacilla Chen and Aotsuka, 2004 Chen, HW and Aotsuka, T. 2004. A survey of the genus Stegana Meigen from southern Japan (Diptera, Drosophilidae). J Nat Hist., 38: 2779–2788. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; S. castanea Okada, 1988 Okada, T. 1988. Family Drosophilidae (Diptera) from the Lund University Ceylon Expedition in 1962 and Borneo collections in 1978–1979. Entomol Scand (suppl)., 30: 109–149.  [Google Scholar]; S. (S.) reni sp. nov.; S. (S.) tiani sp. nov.; S. (S.) tongi sp. nov.; S. (S.) wangi sp. nov., S. (S.) weiqiuzhangi sp. nov. and S. (S.) xui sp. nov. from southern China. A key to all the species of this group is provided.     

Moss-inhabiting flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) with description of a new genus from Cangshan,China

The world diversity of moss cushion-inhabiting and moss-feeding flea beetles is documented and discussed. A new genus (Cangshanaltica) with a single new species (Cangshanaltica nigra sp. nov.) from Yunnan Province in China is described and illustrated. It is similar to Benedictus Scherer, Ivalia Jacoby, Minota Weise, Paraminota Scherer, and Phaelota Jacoby. An identification key for all flea beetle genera known to occur in mosses in the eastern hemisphere is provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6341724E-BA3F-4979-B226-108D0CA64B92     

Japanese white-eyes (Aves: Zosteropidae) as potential pollinators of summer-flowering Taxillus kaempferi (Loranthaceae)

The pollination of summer-flowering plants by birds has rarely been reported in temperate Asia and Europe. However, we recorded the Japanese white-eye Zosterops japonicus (Passeriformes: Zosteropidae) visiting the flowers of the hemiparasitic plant Taxillus kaempferi (Loranthaceae) during mid-summer (July to August) in a temperate forest in central Japan. Field observations showed that Z. japonicus was an almost exclusive flower visitor of T. kaempferi. Specifically, Z. japonicus inserted their bills frequently into the flower tubes of T. kaempferi. The corollas of T. kaempferi were shorter than Z. japonicus bills, suggesting that Z. japonicus is able to obtain floral nectar from T. kaempferi. Close-up pictures of Z. japonicus visiting flowers showed that the upper bill and facial feathers of Z. japonicus came into contact with the reproductive organs of T. kaempferi, leading to the attachment of pollen to these body parts. Thus, Z. japonicus might act as an important pollinator of the summer-flowering plant T. kaempferi.?     

美国重返亚洲战略下的中国对外政策调整

当前,全球经济复苏问题凸显,亚洲作为世界经济新的引擎,出现整体性复兴的迹象。在新的国际局势下,积极寻找经济复苏途径、重塑美国领导形象的奥巴马政府与以和平发展为目标的复兴中的最大发展中国家中国的关系,就不仅仅是中美的双边关系,或是亚太区域的国家关系,而是涉及到全球政治战略、经济秩序、安全生态的大国关系。奥巴马上任不久,就提出美国会提高对亚太区域的关注,随后,美国重返亚洲成为国际社会热议的话题。     

A revision of the Asian and European species in the subgenus Amiota Loew (Diptera,Drosophilidae) and the establishment of species-groups based on phylogenetic analysis

A total of 53 Amiota (s. str.) species (75% of the world total) from Asia and Europe, including 10 new species, kamui, kimurai and planata from Japan, and aristata, cuii, macai, magniflava, nuerhachii, spinata and watabei from China, are reviewed with designation of two new synonymies and phylogenetic analysis. Based upon the result of cladistic analysis with 31 adult male morphological characters, the following conclusions are deduced: (1) The subgenus Amiota is monophyletic, so far as the Asian and European forms are concerned. (2) Seven monophyletic groups are recognized within this subgenus. Two of them correspond to known species-groups, the apodemata and sinuata groups, and the remaining five are established as new species-groups, the nagatai, basdeni, taurusata, alboguttata and rufescens groups. A key to all the studied species from Asia and Europe is provided.     

亚洲夏季风区大气能量谱分析

用1979年FGGE—Ⅲb资料,对亚洲及其邻域的总能量、大气显热源和水汽汇进行谱分析.结果表明:准40天振荡是亚洲夏季风区的主要特征振荡.振荡方差贡献的分布以及振荡源中心位置反映出在印度、孟加拉湾、南海和东亚大陆上空夏季风系统具有一定的独立性。长江以北地区主要受中纬度系统影响,华南沿海和云贵地区则分别受南海和孟加拉湾地区夏季风系统的影响.振荡从主要振荡源向外传播,东亚季风区振荡主要从东南向西北传播.总能量和水汽汇振荡的传播还表明,从南半球有明显的向北传播通道.这些通道与越赤道气流通道大致相对应.大气显热源的振荡则无此特征,但它对大气环流准定常状态的维持有一定的影响,孟加拉湾湾头和南海既是热源中心,亦为准双周振荡的源区.     

台湾对东盟国家和大陆投资比较分析

台湾对东盟国家和大陆的投资情况对比表明,台湾对东盟国家和大陆的投资经历了“此消彼长”的过程,各有优势和劣势。造成这种现象的原因是多方面的。从整体来看,大陆的投资环境略优于东盟国家的投资环境。大陆要吸引更多的台湾资金,需要进一步改善投资环境和投资政策。     

“9·11”后美国中亚政策的调整及其影响

"9·11"后美国鉴于中亚的战略地位以及全球战略,全方位调整了中亚政策,分析其中亚政策调整的目标及实施手段,可以看出它给中亚各国带来了一定的积极影响,但也给中亚地区以及周边大国包括俄罗斯和中国带来了一定的负面影响。