RBCC二元进气道起动性能数值模拟研究

根据RBCC动力飞行器的弹道特点,RBCC进气道的设计点马赫数往往较高,导致低马赫数下的起动性能较差。针对某宽工作马赫数范围,设计点Ma=5的RBCC变几何二元进气道,对其引射-亚燃转级马赫数附近的起动性能进行了数值研究。数值模拟计算表明:(1)进气道工作于低马赫数下(即非设计点),不起动时唇口附近存在一道"λ"激波产生溢流和激波损失,导致性能相对起动时有明显下降;(2)进气道内收缩比越大自起动马赫数越高;相同内收缩比下"脉冲起动"比自起动容易;(3)采用吸除措施可以降低进气道的自起动马赫数,改善进气道的起动特性;(4)采用调节进气道唇口的措施可以在牺牲少量流量的代价下实现进气道的自起动,同时提高进气道的总压恢复系数。     

试论在非惯性系中惯性力的真实性

本文对在非惯性系中引入的惯性力,从理论上,工程实践上,以及它所产生的效果上,论证了它是一种真实的力。     

爆轰波在金属板面斜反射现象的实验观测与分析

采用脉冲X射线照相、高速扫描照相、压阻测压及电探针测时等技术对B炸药-铜板系统中爆轰波斜反射现象进行了系统观测.确认在入射角φ_0=65°时的确发生了非正规斜反射(马赫反射)现象.但压阻测压表明,此时的压力却比理想爆轰理论的预告值低约30％.这与Los Alamos实验室学者们获得的结果极为相似.结合二维数值计算结果,对这一现象进行了分析,并提出了见解。     

喷管内流体流动状况的理论分析和数值模拟

对喷管内流体的流动状况做了详细的理论分析,主要对喷管中管道截面积和几个状态参数之间关系进行分析,如管道截变化对流体流速、马赫数、压力、温度等参数的影响,得到喷管截面的变化规律不仅仅取决于流速的变化情况,而且还与其他状态参数有关,尤其是马赫数.最后通过模拟缩放喷管与理论进行对比分析,表明模拟是正确的,且管道内气体流场特性的数值模拟在实际工程中是可行的.     

测量单模振动的时间平均曝光法

采用ＭａｃｈＺｅｈｎｄｅｒ干涉仪测量简谐振动．引入圆柱形透明介质对物光束调制,产生一组带有振动信息的散斑干涉条纹,由此确定振动参数,同时提高测量灵敏度．     

喷气织机封闭式喷气引纬管道内气流的测试分析

本文以封闭式喷气引纬管道为研究对象,分析计算了喷嘴内气流速度的变化规律,得出一组喷嘴内气流马赫数 M 与位置 x 的关系曲线;并分析研究了封闭引纬管道内气流速度的变化规律以及气流速度的计算方法,并对封闭引纬管道内气流速度进行了测试分析。     

Mach and Hertz’s mechanics

The place of Heinrich Hertz’s The principles of mechanics in the history of the philosophy of science is disputed. Here I critically assess positivist interpretations, concluding that they are inadequate.There is a group of commentators who seek to align Hertz with positivism, or with specific positivists such as Ernst Mach, who were enormously influential at the time. Max Jammer is prominent among this group, the most recent member of which is Joseph Kockelmans. I begin by discussing what Hertz and Mach had to say about one another, and I specify certain respects in which their views are indeed similar. I then go on to detail their differences, looking at Hertz’s attitude to the atomic theory, to the mechanical world-view, to simplicity, to unobservables and metaphysics, and his objections to Newtonian forces. I conclude that the positivist interpretation of Hertz’s mechanics significantly overplays its similarities to Mach’s views.     

The empirical basis of equilibrium: Mach, Vailati, and the lever

About a century ago, Ernst Mach argued that Archimedes’s deduction of the principle of the lever is invalid, since its premises contain the conclusion to be demonstrated. Subsequently, many scholars defended Archimedes, mostly on historical grounds, by raising objections to Mach’s reconstruction of Archimedes’s deduction. In the debate, the Italian philosopher and historian of science Giovanni Vailati stood out. Vailati responded to Mach with an analysis of Archimedes’s deduction which was later quoted and praised by Mach himself. In this paper, my objective is to show that the debate can be further advanced, as Mach indicated, by reframing it in terms of the empirical vs. the logical dimensions of mechanics. In this way, I will suggest, the debate about Archimedes’s deduction can be resolved in Mach’s favour.     

变压器油中氢气浓度检测

推导了变压器油中溶解气体的分离数学模型，建立了一种用光纤Ｍ－Ｚ干涉仪对低浓度氢气进行检测的实验系统．通过对气室引入声波调制手段，消除了环境因素对干涉仪的干扰，大大地提高了氢气检测的灵敏度     

气相爆轰波与空气冲击波在斜劈上Mach反射的特征参数比较

以传统的烟迹技术记录胞格结构,证实了气相爆轰波 在管道中与斜劈要互作用发生Mach反射,得到了系统的实验结果,在此基础上详细地分析了爆轰波反射后流场的特征参数（三波咪这线与楔面的夹角X与斜劈楔角X与斜劈楔角及气体初压P0的关系等）,并与空气冲击波在斜劈上Mach反射后流场的特征参数进行了比较,初步探讨了参数偏差的原因,这一研究有助于比较深入,全面地了解爆轰波的前导冲击波和横波在Mach反射中所起的作用。