利用外加偏压导体法控制球形托卡马克电磁扰动实验研究

MHD(Magneto hydrodynamic,磁流体力学)不稳定性是托卡马克磁约束聚变等离子体中的基本物理现象,是影响装置放电稳定性及等离子体约束性能的重要因素,通过磁探针诊断对球形托卡马克上的Mirnov扰动进行测量和分析,并利用外加偏压导体方法首次对扰动进行抑制。     

JET装置中的离散阿尔芬本征模探讨

当前的磁约束聚变装置常常运行在先进托卡马克区域内,先进托卡马克区域内存在负磁剪切,s<0(s=rdq/dr)。在JET(Joint European Torus)装置中探讨了一种新型的离散阿尔芬本征模式——αTAE(α-induced to-roidal Alfvén eigenmode),研究其模式随s或α变化的特性,α=-q2Rdβ/dr。这里,q是安全因子,β是等离子体压力与磁压力之比,R和r分别代表托卡马克的大半径和小半径。     

行星际日冕物质抛射中的磁流体波动观测

日冕物质抛射（CME）是最大尺度的太阳活动现象,灾害性空间天气的主要驱动源．行星际日冕物质抛射（ICME）中的等离子体波动性质与ICME的演化密切相关．由于ICME中的平均磁场较大,其中的Alfven低频扰动研究较少．前人的研究只分析了0．3AU和0．68AU处的个别ICME中的Alfven波动．ICME在1AU处的Alfven波观测较少．本文对第23太阳周1995—2006年期间所有引起大磁暴（Dst≤－100nT）的单个ICME事件进行统计分析,结果表明：（1）大约30％的ICME中长时间存在Alfven波（超过ICME持续时间的30％）;（2）约一半的ICME的鞘层中存在快磁声波;（3）所有ICME中都存在短时间段的慢磁声波．这些观测结果为研究CME在行星际传播过程时其中的Alfven波演化机制及其动力学演化提供了观测基础．     

Exact solutions of dispersion equation for MHD waves with short-wavelength modification

Dispersive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves with short-wavelength modification have an important role in transforming energy from waves into particles.In this paper,based on the two-fluid mode,a dispersion equation,including the short-wavelength effect,and its exact solution are presented.The outcome is responsible for the short-wavelength modification versions of the three ideal MHD modes (i.e.the fast,slow and Alfve’n).The results show that the fast and Alfve’n modes are modified considerably by the shortwavelength effect mainly in the quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular propagation directions,respectively,while the slow mode can be affected by the short-wavelength effect in all propagation directions.On the other hand,the dispersive modification occurs primarily in the finite-β regime of 0.001 < β < 1 for the fast mode and in the high-β regime of 0.1 < β < 10 for the slow mode.For the Alfve’n mode,the dispersive modification occurs from the low-β regime of β < 0.001 through the high-β regime of β > 1.     

托卡马克中离散阿尔芬不稳定性的动理学分析

动理学是描述等离子体的重要方法。本文介绍了动理学的一种近似处理——回旋动理学,并在简单模型下演示了线性回旋动理学方程近似过程。结合ITER(International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)设计参数和模拟放电实验数据,利用线性回旋近似研究环形聚变等离子体中高能量粒子的动理学效应对离散阿尔芬本征模(αTAE)的影响。     

细磁通量管运动的本性方程

本文从Spruit给出的孤立细磁通量管的运动方程出发,推导了以弧长为自变量,沿自然三面体的轴向分解的本性形式的运动方程,并讨论了导出的一维方程的物理意义和应用。     

三维磁场奇点的结构及稳定性

根据无散条件,给出了三维磁场各种可能的奇点结构,并讨论了在Lorentz力作用下,各种奇点结构的不稳定性问题。     

Simulation of the dawn-dusk magnetosheath asymmetry under quasi-steady states

The dawn-dusk asymmetry of the magnetosheath under quasi-steady states has been studied by using a newly developed 3D MHD magnetosphere simulation model. The results show that the dawn-dusk asymmetry is substantial because of the Parker spiral IMF. It is found that the dawn-dusk magnetosheath thickness asymmetry is the effect of different shock conditions. The plasma density and flux asymmetry are mainly caused by the different thickness of the dawn-dusk magnetosheath, and the magnetic reconnection on the magnetopause has no significant effects. It is also showed that the Plasma Depletion Layer in front of the dayside magnetopause can cause duskward plasma flow, and the total plasma flux on the dusk side will be higher.     

弱磁化等温吸积盘脉动不稳定性

在不引入粘滞律的条件下详细讨论了弱磁化等温吸积盘对各种扰动形式所表现的不稳定性．结果表明,径向扰动能与环向扰动和垂向扰动相耦合,产生不同类型的脉动不稳定振荡模式．这些结果不仅对进一步理解脉动不稳定性与活动天体的光变现象的联系有理论意义,而且在某种程度上对Ｂａｌｂｕｓ和Ｈａｗｌｅｙ等人提出的弱磁场与吸积盘中湍流粘滞有关联的解释是一种支持与补充．     

Anisotropic propagation of flare-induced shocks

It is demonstrated that the fastest propagation direction of a flare-induced shock deviates eastwards by about 4° at 1 AU relative to the flare normal if the shock introduced at 0.1 AU propagates along the local magnetic field, whereas it deviates westwards by about 1° if the introduced shock propagates in the radial direction instead.