Seifert and Van Kampen定理的一种特殊情形的有关讨论

代数拓扑是拓扑学的重要分支,它的特征是借助于一系列代数的对象、方法,如群、环、同态等,进行研究拓扑空间在连续形变下的不变性质.同伦论是代数拓扑的基础,而基本群是同伦论的一个重要概念.Seifert-Van Kampen定理主要用来确定某些较复杂的空间的基本群的结构,对于此定理的证明需要许多代数方面的知识,而且证明过程篇幅较长,本文仅用点集拓扑所涉及的方法给出Seifert-Van Kampen定理的一种特殊情形的证明.     

短命植物异喙菊胚胎学研究

短命植物异喙菊,直生胚珠,双珠被,薄珠心,合点受精,合点端有帽状珠孔塞,合点端胚胎基部有短柱状装饰物,孢原细胞1个,直接发育成大孢子母细胞,经减数分裂,形成大孢子四分体,合点端大孢子发育成功能大孢子,其他三个退化.合点端、胚囊中都有不定胚发生.     

银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的提取研究(Ⅰ)——溶剂选择

本文对银杏叶用不同浓度乙醇溶液热浸和冷浸两种方法进行了提取黄酮类化合物的试验，结果表明热浸６０％乙醇为溶剂、冷浸７０％乙醇为溶剂时浸取效果最佳。     

灰色预测在安全生产中的应用

采用灰色系统理论中的ＧＭ（１，１）模型对矿井的百万吨死亡率进行了预测，并通过残差修正提高了预测的精度。结果表明，该法具有较高的准确性。     

The strong cooperativity of dioxygen binding by dicobalt (II) diporphyrin compounds in nonaqueous solution at room temperature

Thermodynamic data were determined for the reversible binding of O₂ to two compounds of dicobalt(II) di(meso-tetra-phenyl)porphyrin derivatives with different lengths of diamidoaliphatic bridge (abbreviated to Co₂PP₈ and Co₂PP₄) in N,N-dimethylformamide at room temperature. The partial pressure of dioxygen necessary for half-oxygenation (P _1/2) and hill coefficient (n) at 298 K were determined as follows:P _1/2=54.2 kPa,n=2.0 for Co₂PP₈ andP _1/2=6.8 kPa,n=1.8 for Co₂PP₄, respectively. The rate equations of reversible oxygen binding by Co₂PP₈ were determined and the reaction path was proposed. The results of ther-modynamic and kinetic studies indicate that there exists strong cooperative effect during oxygenation of the compounds. The ESR observation reveals that the dioxygen complexes formed in the solutions are of superoxo (Co-O ₂ ⁻ ) type. Supported by the Research Foundation of the State Education Commission of China Zhou Xiaohai: born in 1962, Ph.D. Associate professor     

The electrical conductivity of H_2O at 0.21-4.18 GPa and 20 -350℃

The electrical conductivity of H2O in solid and liquid phases has been measured at 0.21-4.18 GPa and 20-350℃. The results indicate: ( i ) different phases of H2O in solid have different relations between electrical conductivity and temperature and pressure. The conductivity changes continuously with temperature, but discontinuously with the pressure between 2.11 and 2.58 GPa, which corresponds to the transforming pressure between ice (Ⅵ) and ice ( Ⅶ ) ; ( ii ) the con-ductivity of H2O in liquid all increases with temperature and pressure, but there are discontinuities at pressures between 0.57 and 0.9 GPa, and between 2.11 and 2.58 GPa, which are also consistent with the polymorph of ice (ice ( Ⅴ), ice (Ⅵ) and ice ( Ⅶ ) ) . This reflects that H2O in liquid at different pressures has quite different properties of electron chemistry. It is prob-ably the important reason that causes the layers with high electrical conductivity and low velocity in the earth's crust and upper mantle.