核受体LXRa靶基因研究进展

核受体的研究近几年已有飞速的发展。LXRa(Liver X Receptor a)是一种与脂类代谢有关的核受体。研究发现LXRa的靶基因具有调节脂类的吸收、运输、转化和生物合成的功能,此外,LXRa在糖类的代谢等方面也有重要的调控作用。研究结果表明LXRa与动脉粥样硬化的发生有非常密切的关系。目前利用LXRa为靶标进行抗动脉粥样硬化药物筛选已经成为一个重要的研究方法。     

中西药合用治疗肝硬化腹水

中西药合用治疗肝硬化腹水疗效较好.笔者就近6年来有关本病的中西医结合治疗综述如下.     

Postischemic ATP levels predict hepatic function 24 hours following ischemia in the rat

Summary Hepatic function was assessed by the aminopyrine breath test (ABT) in male Sprague Dawley rats 24 h after partial hepatic ischemia. ABT decreased progressively to 26.3 (p<0.05) and 19.7% of dose (p<0.05) after 90 and 120 min of ischemia, respectively. ABT at 24 h after injury was correlated to the concentration of ATP in the ischemic lobes 1 h after the onset of reperfusion (r²=0.971) but not to ALT activity in plasma at 1 h (r²=0.391). We conclude that postischemic ATP levels are a better index of subsequent hepatic function than ALT.     

Age-related changes of the pattern of non-histone proteins in active and condensed fractions of mouse liver chromatin and hepatocarcinoma

Summary Electrophoretic analysis of histones and non-histone acid-soluble proteins in active (nuclease sensitive) and inactive chromatin from liver of young and old CBA mice and in age-related hepatocarcinomas showed a higher ratio of NHP: histones in active chromatin in old cells. Some liver- and hepatoma-specific fractions of non-histone proteins have been identified as chromatin matrix proteins.     

瘦素在肝纤维化中的作用探讨

目的观察慢性乙型肝炎患者血清瘦素(Leptin)与Ⅲ型前胶原(PCEE)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)和肝脏纤维组织增长的关系.方法采用放射免疫吸附实验(RIA)测定105例慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化患者血清瘦素、HA,LN,PCⅢ含量做定量分析.结果各型乙肝患者血清瘦素水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05).瘦素与血清HA,LN,PCⅢ呈正相关(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化患者血清瘦素水平明显升高,并与HA,LN,PCⅢ含量呈正相关.瘦素在慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化发病机制中起一定作用.     

应用人工辅助体外静脉循环进行猪原位肝移植的研究

我们应用人工辅助体外静脉循环进行了脾一颈静脉分流猪原位肝脏移植。在没有循环泵的情况下,可以利用人工的方法进行脾一颈静脉转流,减轻门静脉的淤血。提高原位肝移植的成功率。     

Oxygen consumption and biosynthetic function in perfused liver from rats at different stages of development

Changes in mitochondrial function were studied in perfused liver from rats aged 24 – 365 days. Oxygen consumption together with the rates of gluconeogenesis, urea synthesis and ketogenesis were determined. Basal mitochondrial respiration as well as the ability of the liver to synthesize glucose, urea and ketone bodies declined from 24- to 365-day-old rats. On the other hand, on transition from 24 to 60 days the liver oxidation rate of hexanoate, sorbitol and glycerol is enhanced, but not of ketone bodies or palmitate. Our results show that the transition from weaning to middle age is accompanied by defined changes in hepatic substrate oxidation. From the observed time course of the decrease in basal and substrate-stimulated oxygen consumption, it is concluded that in rat liver cells a decline in respiratory chain function, long-chain fatty acid and ketone body metabolism, gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis occurs at a relatively early life stage. Received 19 June 1998; received after revision 11 September 1998; accepted 11 September 1998     

壬基酚对金鱼丙二醛含量变化率的影响

以金鱼为研究对象,探讨了在壬基酚（Nonylphenol）暴露下金鱼肝脏组织内丙二醛（Malondialdehyde）含量变化率的改变。实验研究表明：壬基酚对金鱼肝脏组织脂质过氧化的损伤效应随着剂量的不同而不同,在一定范围内具有明显的剂量-效应关系,剂量超出一定范围后,这种关系不再明显。在“时间-效应”关系上,壬基酚对金鱼肝脏组织脂质过氧化损伤随着时间的推移有明显的改变,但这种关系因剂量不同而不同,低剂量组时间累积效应较弱,高剂量组时间累积效应较强,中剂量组时间累积效应最强。     

疏肝中药复方对慢性束缚应激大鼠下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺轴的调节

目的　从神经内分泌学角度探讨慢性束缚应激的发生机制及疏肝中药对其调节作用。方法　建立慢性束缚应激大鼠模型 ,通过行为学实验评估大鼠应激状态下的行为变化 ,并测定大鼠肾上腺、胸腺指数及体内单胺递质含量变化 ,通过对疏肝中药复方柴胡疏肝散的防治作用的观察探讨中药复方的作用机理。结果　柴胡疏肝散可对抗应激引起的体能及情绪改变 ,并对各种单胺递质有不同的调节作用。结论　柴胡疏肝散在一定程度上调节了慢性束缚应激模型动物的行为表现 ,而且使不同组织单胺递质含量呈现动态变化趋势 ,提示其参与慢性束缚应激的内在调节     

D－胺基半乳糖（D－galactosamine）对小白鼠肝脏的损害作用

给小鼠一次性腹注Ｄ－胺基半乳糖（Ｄ－Ｇａｌｎ）６００和１２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，或１６小时内连续６次腹注３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，停药后４８小时，血清谷丙转氨酶（ＳＧＰＴ）明显升高，局部肝细胞呈现肝炎病理形态改变。病变机理是过量Ｄ－Ｇａｌｎ入肝代替了尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖的代谢途径所引起的。