奇异原子能级与光学模型势

为进一步研究K^-介子原子和∑^-超子原子2类奇异原子中的相互作用和能量问题,基于二阶线性偏微分方程的差分数值解法求解了Klein-Gordon方程和Dirac方程,得到K介子原子和∑-超子原子的相应能级．其结果与实验数据的最大误差分别仅为-0．051％和0．035％,这表明光学模型势应用于奇异原予能级计算能够提高理论结果的准确性．此结果连同π^-原子、P原子的情况支持了Batty光学模型势在奇异原子中应用的正确性,进而表明核子间的强相互作用力为排斥力．     

2-甲氧基萘用作锂离子电池过充保护添加剂

在1mol／LLiPF6／EC＋EMC（体积比1：1）电解液中,用恒流充放电池测试系统测试了2-甲氧基萘对磷酸铁锂电池电化学性能的影响,结果表明添加剂对电池容量特性基本没有影响．过充实验结果则表明添加5％的2．甲氧基萘表现出最优的磷酸铁锂电池的耐过充性能．     

基于原子分解的多Chirp信号到达时差估计

针对多Chirp信号交叠的复杂环境下的到达时差估计问题,引入原子分解理论进行分析。首先对主站信号进行自适应Chirplet原子分解,获取交叠信号个数并分解得到相应的主要原子,然后利用获得的主站信号原子参数进一步估计和构建辅站转发信号的原子库,分别计算主辅站间各个对应原子的相关结果,利用相关峰值的位置可以估计出主辅站间各个Chirp信号的到达时差,从而进一步可以为实现同时对多Chirp辐射源的侦察定位提供依据,最后通过仿真验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

Understanding electrode materials of rechargeable lithium batteries via DFT calculations

Rechargeable lithium batteries have achieved a rapid advancement and commercialization in the past decade owing to their high capacity and high power density.Different functional materials have been put forward progressively,and each possesses distinguishing structural features and electrochemical properties.In virtue of density functional theory(DFT) calculations,we can start from a specific structure to get a deep comprehension and accurate prediction of material properties and reaction mechanisms.In this paper,we review the main progresses obtained by DFT calculations in the electrode materials of rechargeable lithium batteries,aiming at a better understanding of the common electrode materials and gaining insights into the battery performance.The applications of DFT calculations involve in the following points of crystal structure modeling and stability investigations of delithiated and lithiated phases,average lithium intercalation voltage,prediction of charge distributions and band structures,and kinetic studies of lithium ion diffusion processes,which can provide atomic understanding of the capacity,reaction mechanism,rate capacity,and cycling ability.The results obtained from DFT are valuable to reveal the relationship between the structure and the properties,promoting the design of new electrode materials.     

Preparation of Chitosan-g-PAMPS in H2O/scCO2 Inverse Emulsion

Chitosan(CS)was successfully modified in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2)by grafting method to enhance its water solubility.In this work,a three-arm star-like fluorinated polymer was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)method and applied as a surfactant in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2).Then 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid(AMPS)was grafted onto CS(CS-g-PAMPS)in H2O/scCO2inverse emulsion.The effects of mass ratio of water and surfactants(R w/s)and pressure of scCO2on the grafting reaction were investigated.The grafting rate,particle size,and dispersity in water of CS-g-PAMPS varied greatly as R w/s and pressure of scCO2changed.It could be found that the value of R w/s at 12 and the pressure of scCO2at 30 MPa were the optimum conditions for the grafting reaction.CS-g-PAMPS prepared in this reaction system has higher grafting rate,smaller particle sizes,and better dispersity in water than those prepared via conventional methods.     

基于热力耦合的摩擦系数计算模型与仿真研究

基于界面摩擦过程中摩擦功耗散为界面原子热振动的原理,通过对界面原子在界面势能场激励作用下热振动分析,建立了基于摩擦界面热力耦合过程的滑动摩擦系数计算模型。仿真分析表明：滑动摩擦系数随摩擦速度增加而增高;当摩擦界面实际接触面积与载荷成线性关系时,摩擦系数与接触面积无关,当实际接触面积接近名义接触面积时,摩擦系数随载荷的增加而降低;此外,滑动摩擦系数随晶格常数增大而降低,随原子质量减小而升高。     

铬原子束激光感生荧光强度的理论和实验

采用铬原子束激光感生荧光激光稳频技术解决铬原子光刻实验中激光频率随时间漂移的问题.从理论和实验两个方面对铬原子束激光感生荧光强度随激光功率和坩埚温度的变化情况进行了研究.结果显示,在坩埚温度一定的情况下,由于铬原子的饱和效应,当激光功率增大到6 mW左右时,荧光斑点的中心强度会达到饱和然后随激光功率的增加变化不大.另外,随着激光功率的增加,荧光斑点轮廓曲线的半高宽在变大的同时,对比度减小.在激光功率一定的情况下,由于铬原子喷射的个数与坩埚温度成正比,荧光斑点的中心强度随坩埚温度的增加而增加,并且不出现饱和效应;随着坩埚温度的升高,荧光斑点轮廓曲线的半高宽基本不变,而对比度增大.这些变化趋势和理论结果符合地很好.     

强激光场中模型氢原子高次谐波的特性研究

通过数值计算求解含时的薛定谔方程,研究了单个激光脉冲作用下4个不同势函数对应的一维模型氢原子产生的高次谐波,并将其与三维真实氢原子的高次谐波比较。结果表明:势函数势阱的形状对一维模型氢原子的高次谐波强度产生较大影响,但是谐波的截止位置不变。     

与双模压缩真空场共振作用下的Λ型三能级原子体系的量子相干性

在Λ型三能级原子初态处于叠加态时,通过与双模压缩真空场发生相互作用,讨论了t>0时原子体系的相干性,研究结果表明:随着双模真空场压缩因子的增大,没用光场联系的两个能级间的相干强度有所减小,但是不会出现退相干;用光场联系的两个能级间的相干性逐渐减小,最终会出现退相干。     

场频率变化对保真度的影响

利用数值计算、数学推导,对比研究等方法,研究了场频率作正弦微小变化时原子与光场相互作用系统中保真度的演化.研究表明:场频率变化的幅值越大,即失谐量越大,则系统、光场和原子的保真度就越大;另外,场频率变化的角频率只影响系统、光场和原子的保真度演化曲线变化频率,当场频率变化的角频率增大一倍,则演化曲线的频率也增大一倍.