涠洲岛珊瑚健康及其影响因子分析

根据2007年秋至2008年春间,涠洲岛6条主剖面15条断面的珊瑚和底质覆盖率、珊瑚补充量、死亡指数的一次两阶段的调查数据和同期4个季度月的水环境调查数据,结合以往的研究成果,初步分析了涠洲岛珊瑚健康状况及其影响因子。结果表明,调查断面珊瑚死亡指数平均为40.90%,珊瑚死亡发生于本次调查的两年前;珊瑚有恢复的迹象,但珊瑚补充量小,珊瑚补充量与活珊瑚+死珊瑚覆盖率显著相关(r=0.520,P<0.05);除汞、铅、锌和油类外,涠洲岛珊瑚礁海区水体的理化、生物因子符合一类海水水质标准,大体上呈微营养水平,春季的水体营养指数明显高于其他季节。涠洲岛珊瑚死亡率高和恢复慢,表明珊瑚处于退化中的亚健康状态。     

海南岛红树植物的构筑型及其多样性

海南岛红树植物的构筑型共拥有 5种模式 ,为已知热带树木构筑型的 2 1% ,其中以阿特廷斯模式(Attims smodel)为主 ,它占据了 2 3种海南红树植物的 6 5 2 1% ,而施奥特模式 (Schoute smodel)则仅为 1种 ,即单种属的水椰。海南红树植物的构筑型与属之间的关系并不完全明确。尽管阿特廷斯模式发生于绝大多数的属 ,并存在于整个生态序列中 ,但劳赫模式Rauh smodel和施奥特模式则多少反映出与特定属种和生境的相关性。而木榄是典型的奥布利维尔模式Aubreville smodel,其分枝存在两种并置方式 ,从而导致两种分枝格局。     

鼓浪屿建筑窗饰和地缘文化分析

以鼓浪屿历史文化为背景,基于岛上现有建筑的实地考察及相关资料的查阅、考证,以微观角度入手,从窗户的造型、结构、装饰符号以及文化内涵等几个方面剖析鼓浪屿窗式多样化的特征,挖掘其形式渊源及历史成因.由此,反映鼓浪屿殖民化时期的建筑风格、表现形式及设计理念.对人们认识和理解鼓浪屿建筑及其构件、研究和比较与之类似区域的外来建筑文化、并学习其设计思想和建造理念有所帮助,对建筑设计师在相关风格的建筑设计中起到一定的参考和借鉴作用.     

海南桉林林下植被木本多样性的复合因子分析

 通过野外样方样地调查,在比较分析海南岛年降水量、土壤水分含量及土壤速效养分氮、磷、钾的基础上,试图寻找影响桉树林下植被木本多样性的关键因子.复合因子分析结果表明:在影响林下木本多样性主导因子的主成分分析中发现,年降水量成了木本多样性最主要因子即限制因子,第2因子为土壤水分含量,第3因子为土壤速效氮含量.研究结果还表明,在海南年降雨量小于1000 mm的干旱地区不宜发展速生桉树林.     

宁波梅山岛观赏植物应用价值综合评价

通过对梅山岛观赏植物的应用现状进行现场调查,记录梅山岛观赏植物的种类和生长现状,利用层次分析法对其园林应用价值进行综合评价,并采用K类中心聚类法将评价结果聚类为3种类型。筛选出适合梅山岛特殊环境的优良观赏植物。评价结果表明:第Ⅰ等级的杜英、水果蓝等24种植物在梅山岛极具推广应用价值,第Ⅱ等级植物的应用比例应基本维持现状或稍有提升,第Ⅲ等级植物的应用比例应适当降低。     

The shore fishes of Trindade Island,western South Atlantic

Trindade Island (20°30'S, 29°20'W) is located approximately 620 nautical miles (1160km) off the eastern Brazilian coast. Due to its geographical isolation, its ichthyofauna arouses great biogeographic interest. This work intends to provide the first comprehensive checklist for the shore fishes of Trindade Island. Six expeditions were undertaken (1995, 1997, two in 1998, 1999 and 2000—in total 86 days of fieldwork) to survey the ichthyofauna from tidal pools to reefs 30 m deep. A checklist of 97 species belonging to 44 families is presented, with information on the ecology and geographical distribution of each species. The most representative families were the Carangidae (nine species), Serranidae (nine), Labridae (seven), Pomacentridae (five) and Muraenidae (five). Trindade is zoogeographically related to the western Atlantic, since 32% of its species are also found in the continental margin and 12.3% are shared with the western and central Atlantic. Nearly thirty-five percent of the shore fish fauna of Trindade are widespread pan-Atlantic warm-water species. Another 14.6% are restricted to the Brazilian Province. At least six endemic species (6.2%) were found: Malacoctenus sp. (Labrisomidae), Scartella sp., Entomacrodus sp. (Blenniidae), Arcos sp. (Gobiesocidae), Elacatinus sp. and Lythrypinus sp. (Gobiidae). This endemism level is lower than that found on the tropical mid-Atlantic Ridge islands of St. Helena (13.9%), Ascension (15.7%) and St. Paul's Rocks (12.1%).     

《陈可常端阳仙化》为明代作品考

"三言"是中国古代成就最高的白话短篇小说集,关于其中作品的成书时代依然存在着很大的争议和研究空间。《警世通言.陈可常端阳仙化》一文,胡士莹和郑振铎两位先生认为是宋人话本,实则应为明代作品。首先,对前人提出的"宋人话本"说的研究观点提出质疑;其次,根据宋元明时期刑法制度的差异,"沙门岛"领土所属权的变化,证明这篇作品绝非创作于南宋时期;最后,根据"温州府"和"临安府"行政区划的历史沿革,进一步证明这篇小说为明代作品。     

Interaction between introduced rats and a frugivore bird-plant system in a relict island forest

The seed dispersal system formed by the fleshy-fruited shrub Viburnum tinus L. (Caprifoliaceae) and the bird Erithacus rubecula L. is known to occur in both the Mediterranean basin and the laurel forest of the Canary Islands. The latter is invaded by the ship rat Rattus rattus L. This situation allows (1) the comparison of oceanic island and mainland situations for the bird-plant interaction, and (2) quantification of the possible effects of an invading species on the plant, and thus on the whole seed dispersal system. Fruit removal by birds and rats was studied for V. tinus in a laurel forest of Tenerife during a fruiting season to assess patterns of disperser and predator's use of the plant. Fruits were persistent in time and spontaneous fruit loss rate was low. It was exploited by a reduced frugivorous community. Its fruits were dispersed almost exclusively by E. rubecula at extremely low rates, whereas R. rattus rapidly predated the bulk of the crops. Fruit removal by E. rubecula was influenced by vegetation structure and fruit crop size (higher removal rates from gaps or sparse and low canopy patches, and from larger fruit displays). Fruit predation by R. rattus was not related to microhabitat or individual plant traits. Fruit removal by R. rattus had no apparent influence on the pattern of bird frugivory. However, later in the fruiting season, heavy fruit depletion by rats restrained fruit availability for birds. The mainland (Mediterranean) V. tinus-E. rubecula dispersal system is strikingly different from this island counterpart in: (1) the virtual irrelevance of rodent seed predation, and (2) the comparatively high incidence of bird frugivory by the exclusive seed disperser, E. rubecula.     

海南岛北部海岸木麻黄防护林凋落物量及养分归还动态

在固定样地采用凋落物收集器收集并定期回收凋落物的方法,研究了海南岛北部海岸木麻黄防护林2008—2009年的凋落物产量及N、P、K养分归还动态. 结果表明:（1）木麻黄林年凋落物量为5.9844t/hm2,其中小枝凋落物量在年凋落量中占有最大比例,为88.99%;其次是杂物,为6.63%;最小是皮+枝,为4.38%. 木麻黄林总凋落物量和小枝凋落物量的月变化格局十分相似,皮+枝、杂物凋落物量月动态变化则比较平缓.（2）小枝中N、P、K 3种主要养分年归还总量为94.69kg/hm2,其中N归还量在年归还量中占有最大比例,为78.86%;其次是K,为18.71%;最小是P,为2.43%. N归还量月动态与总凋落物量月动态变化极其相似,P、K归还量月动态则比较平缓.     

海南岛蔬菜螨类的调查与防治研究

对海南岛不同生境的蔬菜螨类进行了调查，发现海南岛蔬菜螨类计有8科8属23种．其中有1个科、2个种是海南新记录.同时发现了11种蔬菜螨类的寄主植物是我国新记录，基本明确了23种螨类的分布，寄主范围及其发生情况