The problem of time's arrow historico-critically reexamined

Responding to Hasok Chang's vision of the history and philosophy of science (HPS) as the continuation of science by other means, I illustrate the methods of HPS and their utility through a historico-critical examination of the problem of “time's arrow”, that is to say, the problem posed by the claim by Boltzmann and others that the temporal asymmetry of many physical processes and indeed the very possibility of identifying each of the two directions we distinguish in time must have a ground in the laws of nature. I claim that this problem has proved intractable chiefly because the standard mathematical representation of time employed in the formulation of the laws of nature “forgets” one of the connotations of the word ‘time’ as it is used in ordinary language and in experimental physics.     

田径运动肌肉损伤及康复对策研究

在田径教学、训练与比赛中,由于没有完全遵循人体运动的生理规律和调控生物节律,不能使机体的工作运行保持在良好的竞技状态,导致各种各样的运动创伤,严重地影响教学、训练与运动成绩的提高.文章从运动医学理论对田径运动中肌肉损伤的原因进行分析,寻找科学的田径运动损伤康复手段。     

论无锡市欣丰电容器厂的优势、劣势以及在企业宏观与微观环境中的威胁与机会

文章从企业组织,员工队伍,经营业务领域以及经营发展轨迹出发,以企业经营所处的宏观环境与微观环境为切入点,对企业在竞争中的优势与劣势,以及企业在经营与发展所处环境中面临的机会与威胁进行了分析。     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7) was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7). To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an en- hanced accumulation of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4 cells in the tumors of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. Ultrastructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the recombinant bacteria; the exogenous gene can de delivered to the host by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to produce anti-tumor effect with no obvious cytotoxity to the host. In this study, it is established that attenuated Salmonella typhimurium could be used as a vector for oral gene vaccine, and our study provided a theoretical basis for the body distribution and the metabolism of the recombinant bacteria. This strategy may provide a simple, safe and effective way for the prevention and treatment of tumors.     

直面百姓苦难的民众情怀

胡学文以塞外坝上农民生活为核心的底层写作,以直面现实的勇气与真诚,写出了现代化进程中被文明、进步所遮蔽的偏远乡村惊人的苦难与愚昧,显示了作者直面黑暗的精神和同情民众的情怀。     

证券投资组合理论和无差异曲线

文章通过无差异曲线解释了最优证券投资组合并探讨了对现代投资组合理论三个主要组成部分的有关内容.     

克鲁伯调速器非线性振动

本文给出了克鲁伯调速器非线性振动数学模型,供该调速器的设计计算及研究其有关问题用。     

自然的世界,自然的人性——试分析霍桑在《红字》中的“自然”思想

霍桑在其代表作《红字》中不仅体现了当时的浪漫主义及其巅峰超验主义的影响,同时也突出了他本人独特的思想和对自然的理解.《红字》里的自然涉及到三方面:物质世界中的自然,自然的人性以及自然的生本质,这也是霍桑本人在现实生活中一直追求和向往的境界.     

中国延边朝鲜族自治州的移民资本流动

显著的移民资本流动已经在南朝鲜与延边之间发生。延边当地政府支持劳动力移民,支持随后的汇款额利用所带来的渐进利益。官方对成功的移民者和他们同延边经济发展的整合不感兴趣。他们已经采取措施推动移民但是并没有出台有效的政策用以将新资本转移到延边,并将它们注入当地发展中。到目前为止重要的资源并没有被触及。