基于数字受控源的高精度锂电池组储能方案

提出了一种基于数字受控源, 由纯硬件实现控制算法的锂电池组储能方案。该方案能够同时检测锂电池组中各单体电池的状态, 并通过稳定且高精度的数控电信号输出, 为锂电池组提供最佳的储能模式, 解决了传统充电器控制方式中相对粗糙的信号采集与控制所造成的电池寿命缩短的问题, 并消除了充电过程中电池爆裂等安全方面的隐患。在一些不稳定的可再生能源供给的采集与存储等应用场所, 这种可靠、精确且通用性强的锂电池组的储能管理方案得以实施, 可为锂电池供电系统发挥出最优性能提供保障。     

一种基于DSP的锂离子电池管理系统的设计与应用

设计了一种基于DSP的锂离子电池管理系统,以DSP为核心处理器,设计了采样电路、通讯接口、控制接口等。能够实现单体电池电压、总电压、电流、温度的检测,具有SOC估算、通讯、计算机监测等功能,该电池管理系统结构简单,使用方便,能够很好的满足实际使用的需要。     

基于自适应UKF的锂离子动力电池状态联合估计

针对由静态的电池模型参数而造成的状态估计累计误差、噪声统计特性的时变不确定性等实用化的问题,基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(unscented Kalman filter, UKF)框架设计了一种自适应UKF的电池状态联合估计算法.在无迹变换(unscented transform,UT)时,对量测方程进行准线性化处理,降低了循环迭代过程中的计算开销;利用带遗忘因子的Sage-Husa自适应估计方法对过程噪声的统计特性参数进行递推估计与修正,提高了UKF估计算法的自适应容错能力;实时跟踪滤波的收敛性,若呈发散趋势时,通过自适应衰减因子对误差协方差进行调整以抑制滤波发散,保证了滤波过程的数值稳定性;采用联合估计策略对一阶Thevenim电池欧姆内阻模型参数进行在线更新,以确保动态测试工况下电池模型的准确性,从而提高了电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)以及电池健康状态(state of health,SOH)的估计精度.实验与仿真结果验证了该电池状态联合估计算法的可行性与有效性.     

高密度LiMn0.4Ni0.4Co0.2O2正极材料的合成与研究

用一种改进的氢氧化物共沉淀法制备了粒径均一、近球形的Mn_0.4Ni_0.4Co_0.2(OH)₂, 再通过高温固相合成法制备了高密度的LiMn_0.4Ni_0.4Co_0.2O₂正极材料。结果表明,在沉 淀体系中加入F^-,可以在较为宽松的条件下制备出振实密度为2.3g·cm^-3的LiMn_0.4Ni_0.4Co_0.2O₂正极材料。对产物进行了XRD、SEM和充放电测试。SEM测试结果表明,产物具有良好的形貌; XRD测试表明,产物具有良好的层状结构,无杂质相存在。在充放电电压区间为3.0~4.4V,电流密度为30mA·g^-1时,首次充电和放电容量分别为185和164mAh·g^-1,经过50次循环,放电容量仍能保持90%。     

Zr掺杂对Li4Ti5O12电化学性能的影响

采用高温固相法合成了掺锆锂钛氧复合氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料,并对材料进行了X射线衍射分析、电化学阻抗测试、循环伏安测试及恒电流充放电测试,锆的掺杂并未改变材料的晶体结构,但降低了材料的规整度,实验结果表明：锆的掺杂在一定程度上改善了锂钛氧化合物的电化学性能,降低了电极极化,在电极表面未形成钝化膜,其中以掺杂比为Li：Ti=1：10（原子比）的材料性能最好,首次放电比容量可达到167,5mAh·g^-1,经过50次循环后,放电容量仍保持在146,9mAh·g^-1,     

Morphological evolution and kinetic enhancement of Li2FexMn1-xSiO4/C cathodes for Li-ion battery

Li_2MnSiO_4-based cathode materials possess reasonable work potentials and high theoretical capacities,while the practical energy/power densities are constrained by their inferior kinetics of Li~+ diffusion.In this work,the Pmn2_1-structure Li_2Fe_xMn_(1-x)SiO_4/C materials were synthesized via a solvothermal method and evaluated as Liion cathode materials,with notable morphological evolutions and tunable crystallographic habits observed after solvothermal process.The Li_2Fe_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)SiO_4/C material delivers an initial reversible capacity of 250.2mAh g~(-1)at 0.1 C(～1.51 Li~+insertion/extraction,1 C=166 mA g~(-1)),excellent high-rate capability(52.2 mAh g~(-1)at 5 C),and good long-term cyclability(64.6%after 196 cycles at 2 C).The enhanced electrochemical properties are attributed to the boosted ion/electron transports induced by preferred morphological and structural characteristics of Li_2Fe_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)SiO_4/C.     

Si@CNT纳米结构与MOF衍生多孔碳的链状化合物作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究

Silicon anodes are considered to have great prospects for use in batteries; however, many of their defects still need to be improved. The preparation of hybrid materials based on porous carbon is one of the effective ways to alleviate the adverse impact resulting from the volume change and the inferior electronic conductivity of a silicon electrode. Herein, a chain-like carbon cluster structure is prepared, in which MOF-derived porous carbon acts as a shell structure to integrally encapsulate Si nanoparticles, and CNTs play a role in connecting carbon shells. Based on the exclusive structure, the carbon shell can accommodate the volume expansion more effectively, and CNTs can improve the overall stability and conductivity. The resulting composite reveals excellent rate capacity and enhanced cycling stability; in particular, a capacity of 732 mA·h·g?1 at 2 A·g?1 is achieved with a reservation rate of 72.3% after cycling 100 times at 1 A·g?1.     

三价铁离子掺杂对钛酸锂结构和化学性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法制备Li4-x/3FexTi5-2x/3O12(x=0,0.03,0.06,0.09)粉体活性材料,并优化了最佳掺杂量为x=0.03。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、恒流充放电测试对材料进行结构、形貌及电化学性能表征。结果表明:掺杂适量的铁离子不会改变钛酸锂的尖晶石结构和形貌。1C时,Li3.99Fe0.03Ti4.98O12首次放电比容量为145.40 m A·h/g;纯相的首次放电比容量仅为116.95 m A·h/g。     

First principle calculation of lithiation/delithiation voltage in Li-ion battery materials

A first principle method, based on the density functional theory, was used to investigate the average voltage of lithiation/delithiation for Li-ion battery materials across 7 categories and 18 series, including LiMO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMPO 4 , Li 2 MSiO 4 and graphite. The average voltage of lithiation/delithiation in the relevant electrode materials was obtained by comparing the total-energy difference, before and after an electrochemical reaction. The calculated values were in good agreement with experimental data. The systematic difference between the simulated and experimental values could be explained in terms of the binding energy on the surface of the lithium electrode. This type of calculation method could be applied as an easy and effective tool for predicting the potential performance of new lithiation/delithiation materials.     

原料对液-固燃烧法合成尖晶石型LiMn_2O_4的影响

以晶体醋酸锂或尿素为反应体系的液相,研究了不同锂和锰为原料,液-固燃烧合成制备尖晶石型LiMn2O4的影响.实验结果表明,不同锂和锰为原料对液-固燃烧合成LiMn2O4的影响较大,其中醋酸锂和二氧化锰为原料,可得到单相的尖晶石型LiMn2O4的产物,但加入尿素不利于合成LiMn2O4;以碳酸锂和二氧化锰或碳酸锂和碳酸锰为原料,产物中都有杂质,但碳酸锂和二氧化锰为原料优于碳酸锂和碳酸锰为反应原料.