水芹斑枯病的初步研究

1992年～1994年，笔者对“水芹斑枯病”进行了系统观测、调查及试验，结果表明：病菌以菌丝体在种株或病残体上越冬。温度在20℃～18℃间，伴有雨湿时田间病害最甚。采取种苗处理、合理密植、加强田管、注意选留种株是防治本病的有效农业防治措施；化学防治以77％可杀得1000倍液喷雾的效果最佳。     

楚国控制鄂东铜矿时间考

鄂东铜矿是指位于长江中游的大冶-九江地区的古铜矿。西周中晚期楚国未涉足鄂东铜矿。按文献记载：早期的楚国几代国王虽然励精图治,但其国力依然弱小,无力染指鄂东铜矿;同时,考古发现表明：西周中晚期鄂东铜矿的主人是古越人。《史记》记载的熊渠所伐之＂鄂＂应为南阳盆地的＂西鄂＂。文献和考古资料都表明楚国控制鄂东铜矿的时间应该是春秋中期楚成王熊恽东下淮夷之后。     

Millennial-scale paleoceanography in Okinawa Trough during Late Quaternary period

Based on the analyses of foraminifer and accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon dating in DGKS9603 core from mid-Okinawa Trough close to bottom, oscillation curve, which expressed the relation between the surface water temperature and the depth, has been obtained by using foraminifer analysis and calculation of FP-12E transfer function. The whole core indicated seven cold phases and eight warm phases. Obvious expression of low temperature event during Middle and Late Holocene, YD,H1,H2,H3 and H4 events, as well as the short cold phase during the middle last glacial period, implied that short shifts since 50 kaBP would have been global significance. Sedimentation rate during cold phases is usually faster than that in warm stages, with the lowest rate in Holocene, which may be connected with rising sea level and principal axial of Kuroshio Current moving to west. Volcanic activities highly developed in Okinawa Trough during the Quaternary period, thus abundant volcanic glass and pumice were well preserved.     

近2000年来太白山高山带不同海拔植被对气候变化的响应

根据西佛爷池(海拔3410 m)剖面的有机地球化学指标, 重建太白山高山带过去2000年的气候变化。对采自该剖面的样品进行孢粉分析, 并结合太白山跑马梁(海拔3556 m)、三清池(海拔3080 m)和芳香寺(海拔3000 m)剖面的孢粉数据, 进行聚类分析, 探讨高山带不同海拔植被对气候变化响应规律。结果表明, 不同海拔植被对相对冷干气候的响应有更好的一致性, 且林线过渡带内这种一致性更明显。随着现代升温期的到来, 植被对气候的响应主要受高程影响。研究结果可为认识晚全新世以来高山环境系统的气候?植被耦合关系提供一定的参考。     

杭州湾南岸慈溪地区晚第四纪沉积与古环境演化

杭州湾作为我国大陆沿海地区第四系厚度较大的沉积区之一,历来是我国地学、生物学和气候学研究的重点区域;但其南岸研究比较薄弱。在对杭州湾南岸第四系BZK1钻孔岩芯沉积物特征、地质年代、孢粉、有孔虫和介形类分析基础上,探讨了杭州湾南岸第四纪地层对比、古环境演化和海平面变化特征。钻孔揭示全新世沉积始于孔深22.00 m(约10.77 ka B P.),其下至孔深44.60 m为晚更新世地层,全新世沉积速率大于晚更新世。研究表明:古环境变化可划分为4个阶段:29.6~10.8 ka B P.晚更新世时期,以针叶、阔叶混交林为主,为气候温暖较湿的滨海河口湾半咸水环境;10.8~9.5 ka B P.早全新世早期,以针叶与常绿阔叶林为主,推测属亚热带温暖湿润气候下的潮上带湖沼环境;9.5~5.9 ka B P.全新世早中期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,气候温和较湿,受海水波及;5.9~0.5 ka B.P.全新世中后期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,属滨海-内陆架环境,该阶段后期海水已退出本区,气候由温暖湿润渐渐转凉。结果显示杭州湾南岸气候-环境-海平面-沉积速率之间具有较好的对应。上述研究可丰富杭州湾南岸第四纪地层学、环境地质学研究内容,为邻区晚更新世生物地层对比以及古植被和古环境分析提供证据。     

中上扬子晚奥陶世赫南特期岩相古地理

晚奥陶世赫南特期发生了全球性的气候变冷事件.中上扬子地区典型沉积为观音桥组,富产全球广泛分布的赫南特动物群,对应冰盖扩张引起的全球海平面下降阶段.根据岩性、沉积构造、生物组合及其保存状态,赫南特阶划分出潮坪相及浅海陆棚相.湖坪相主要沉积观音桥组炭泥质灰岩、钙质泥岩,底栖生物繁盛.浅海陆棚相主要沉积五峰组上部Normal...     

清末守旧派的科举情结

清朝末年的守旧派视奔涌而来的西方文化为流毒，认为其将造成人心风俗的变异。为抵制西方文化的渗透，维护儒家思想一统天下的局面，挽救濒临坍塌的封建道统，守旧派在言辞上处处维护科举制度，行动上严把科举入仕之关。然而，由于时势变化，守旧派固守传统的举措却并未能达到他们所期望的效果。     

长江三角洲南翼晚更新世古土壤及其成土环境

长江三角洲南翼全新统下伏的硬粘土层具有粘粒胶膜、土膜结构体、裂隙和微裂隙、植物根系和植物碎屑等古土壤特征，系古土壤。软锰矿的分布指示地下水位在地面上下３ｍ左右，这由于冰期低海面本区相对海拔较大所致。     

江西玉山县王家坝晚奥陶世三衢山组点礁发育特征及其群落研究

本文研究了玉山王家坝晚奥陶世三衢山组的点礁,描记了三个生物群落:Sibiriolites jiangxiensis群落,Fletcheriella grandis-Pachystylostroma群落和Trocholites-Encrinuroides群落.依据造礁功能的不同,作者还简述了组成点礁的各种生物群团.     

Transfer of bacterial blight resistance from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza meyeriana</Emphasis> to <Emphasis Type="Italic">O. sativa</Emphasis> L. by asymmetric somatic hybridization

Asymmetric somatic hybrid plants were produced between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wild species [O. meyeriana (Zoll. etMor, exSteud.)] with high resistance to rice bacterial blight. X-ray-irradiated protoplasts of the wild species were used as donor and chemically fused with iodoacetamide-inactivated protoplasts of rice cv. 02428 to produce hybrids. Seventy-two plants were regenerated from 623 calli based on metabolic complementation. The morphological characters of the plants closely resembled that of the rice. Simple sequence repeats were employed to identify their hybridity. Cytological analysis of root-tips revealed that their chromosome number varied in the range of 27--38. The somatic hybrids were inoculated with strains of Xanthamonas oryzae pv. oryzae at adult growth stage and demonstrated the resistance to bacterial blight introgression from the O. meyeriana.