生死·道德·革命——晚清“志士”理想中的个体、社会与道德

在晚清“新学家”那里,“志士”是一种与现代国家相匹配的“新民”,“新民”之所以为“新”,在于其具有了某种超越旧道德、冲决旧伦理秩序的新道德,一种以“群治”为理想的新道德,一种与新的人间秩序相匹配的“公德”。这种“公德”的确立需要两种相反相成的面相：一方面,它首先是一种“舍生忘死”的宗教性的道德情操,而这种超越生死的献身精神,却要以一种新的生死观为前提;另一方面,“生死”问题之解决,似乎又只有超越“生死”、献身大群,使“自我”在新的价值秩序之创造中,最终摆脱“孤绝”状态,才能实现。由此,“志士”的理想具有了双重的义涵,即他首先必须成为一种孤绝的自我,然后才能够使他对自我的超越具有新的宗教性的道德意味。     

论晚清鸦片贸易与国内市场的开放

在晚清历史上,鸦片这种物质有着不同寻常的地位。可以说它改变了中国的历史进程。近代史上若干重大事件都与它有着某种关联。在鸦片的身上浓缩了近代中国发展的影子,通过对鸦片贸易与晚清中国市场开放问题的深入研究,可帮助我们进一步认识晚清历史的原貌。     

马铃薯晚疫病防治的药剂筛选试验研究

2007年在凉山州冕宁县马铃薯主产区开展了687．5g／L银法利SE、70%安泰生WP、58％甲霜灵．锰锌WP、25％甲霜灵WP四种杀菌剂防治马铃薯晚疫病的田间药效试验。试验表明,四种药剂对马铃薯晚疫病均有有明显的防治效果,其中687．5g／L银法利SE防病增产效果最佳。     

Fossil Orangutan-like hominoid teeth from Late Pleistocene human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi and implications on taxonomy and evolution of orangutan

Fossil records indicate orangutan-like hominoids have been widely distributed in south China during Pleistocene, although currently only surviving in the tropical forests of Kalimantan and Sumatra in Indonesia. This paper describes the recently discovered hominoid fossil teeth from human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi, whose geological age is the Late Pleistocene, about 11000 yeas age based on associated mammal fauna and U-series dating. Compared with those of modern and subfossil orangutans from Indonesia, other fossil great apes from China, the hominoid teeth from Mulanshan cave are orangutan-like, but show somehow different from Indonesia＇s orangutans, the average sizes of cheek teeth larger and occlusal enamel wrinkles less and simpler. They are classified temporarily as the subspecies of Pongo pygmaeus weidenreichi. Concerning the variations of morphological features and dental sizes of orangutan-like teeth from southern China and neighboring northern Vietnam, different subspecies or species or genus possibly, but the key evidence is necessary to be identified.     

冀北凤山晚古生代闪长岩-花岗质岩石的成因:岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素制约

冀北凤山地区侵位于前寒武纪岩石组合中的晚古生代的闪长岩-花岗质岩石,具有富Na,高Sr,低Y和重稀土元素等地球化学特征,Sr/Y在37.15～151.22之间变化,绝大多数样品均显示正Eu异常(一个样品例外),Eu·在0.92～1.53之间变化.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年和锆石Hf同位素分析表明闪长岩(JB6024)和二长花岗岩(样品JB6037-1)分别形成于315±2.8Ma和306.6±6Ma,即该区晚古生代存在两个岩浆作用幕.地球化学、全岩Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素研究揭示凤山晚古生代闪长岩是EMI型富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的岩浆与古老下地壳部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆混合作用结果,而花岗质岩石则是闪长质岩浆发生分离结晶作用的残余岩浆同化上部地壳岩石形成的.     

Evidence of fire use of late Pleistocene humans from the Huanglong Cave, Hubei Province, China

Since 2004, three excavations have been carried out at a late Pleistocene human fossil site of Huanglong Cave in Yunxi County, Hubei Province of China, which unearthed seven human teeth, dozens of stone tools, mammal fossils and other evidence indicating human activities. During the third excavation in 2006, in the same layer as the human teeth, we found some patches of black materials embedded in the deposit. We doubted that this black deposit layer is the remains of burning or even human use of fire at the cave. To further explore the possibility of human fire use at the Huanglong Cave, we examined samples directly taken from the black deposit layer and compared them with samples taken from several places in the cave using three methods: micromorphology, element content determination and deposit temperature analysis. Our results indicate that the contents of carbon element in the black deposit reach 64.59%―73.29%. In contrast, contents of carbon element of the comparative samples from other parts in the cave are only 5.82%―9.49%. The micromorphology analysis of the black deposit samples reveals a plant structure like axial parenchyma, fibrocyte, uniseriate ray and vessel. High-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements suggest that the stratum possibly underwent a high temperature in the nature. Based on these lab analyses, we are sure that the black layer in the Huanglong Cave is the remains of fire and combustion did occur in the cave 100000 years ago. Taking other evidence of human activities found in the Huanglong Cave into consideration, we believe that the evidence of fire from the Huanglong Cave was caused by the human activities of controlled use of fire.     

鄂尔多斯晚三叠世湖盆特征恢复及地质意义

研究了鄂尔多斯晚三叠世湖盆古气候变迁及古水体特征.研究结果表明:鄂尔多斯晚三叠世湖盆古纬度为北纬31.03°,比现在所处的纬度35.10°偏南4°多,推测晚三叠世时鄂尔多斯湖盆气候温暖潮湿,生物繁盛,能够形成有机质丰富的烃源岩.利用泥岩B,Sr,Ba元素测试结果及Sr,Ba质量分数比值法,以及岩石碳酸盐岩胶结物稳定同位素分析表明,鄂尔多斯晚三叠世长8期-长6期湖盆是一个淡水湖盆,长8期-长7期-长6期湖盆水体范围与深度经历了收缩-扩大-收缩的过程,纵向上构成了储层-烃源岩-储层的生储盖组合,从湖盆演化的特征上论证了鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世油气勘探的实际意义.     

松针褐斑病菌的产毒培养和毒素粗提方法

松针褐斑病菌在PD和MS培养基中生长良好,能产生毒素。在这两种培养基中加入敏感寄主火炬松的针叶浸汁对毒素的产生和活性没有明显影响。甲醇、甲醇、正丁醇、氯仿甲醇（氯仿：甲醇＝2：3）混合溶剂等均能把毒素物质充分提取出来,苯、氯仿、乙酸乙酯等极性小的溶剂不能充分提取毒素。通过生测和高效液相（HPLC）比较分析表明,采用MS培养液培养病菌,以氯仿甲醇混合溶剂提取毒素,将有利于毒素的产生和毒素的分离。     

广州地区前华夏植物群研究

广州地区晚泥盆世至早石炭世植物群计 2 3属 4 1种,以真蕨纲和种子蕨纲为主,石松纲居次,另外还有少量楔叶纲、科达纲及种子化石.按地层分布当前植物群可分为沙水岗组植物组合、龙江组植物组合及测水组植物组合.分析该植物群的组成特征,其性质属前华夏植物群     

龙潭楔叶的再研究——兼论华南晚泥盆世楔叶目的演化

基于安徽省巢湖市狮子口剖面上泥盆统（法门阶）五通组的标本,对龙潭楔叶Sphenophyllum lungtanense Gothan et Sze的叶形和脉式等重要特征取得了新认识。华南晚泥盆世楔叶目的起源和演化分异模式不同于劳俄大陆的同类植物,它们兼有原始和进化的营养器官（枝状、线状或片状叶）和生殖器官（缺少或具有孢子叶）,显示出较高的形态多样性和镶嵌演化。