转录靶向性KDR启动子调控双自杀基因治疗肺癌的实验研究

从人肺癌细胞株中克隆KDR基因的启动子(kinasedomainreceptorpromotor,KDRp),构建KDR基因启动子调控的双自杀基因(CDglyTK)真核表达质粒pcDNA3-KDRp-CdglyTK,将其导入ECV304、L9981和NL9980细胞,建立相应的转基因细胞系,并应用不同的前药处理。体内、外实验结果显示:KDR启动子调控的双自杀基因在KDR高表达人肺癌细胞和人脐静脉内皮细胞靶向表达,而在KDR不表达的正常细胞或正常血管内皮细胞中未检测到双自杀基因表达;联合应用5-FC和GCV处理,对转双自杀基因细胞的杀伤作用显著高于单独应用5-FC或GCV,且二者显示了良好的药物协同作用。     

太空诱变宫颈癌细胞的差异表达基因初探

将搭载于“神舟四号”飞船飞行返地后的宫颈癌Caski细胞进行单克隆化,筛选出生长速度快于对照组、编号为44F10的细胞克隆,G1期细胞减少,S期细胞增多,成瘤能力增强;编号为48A9的细胞克隆细胞学行为与之相反,与对照组差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。为了解太空诱变肿瘤细胞生物学行为改变的机制,从分子水平入手研究经太空诱变的宫颈癌细胞和地面对照细胞的差异表达基因。应用含2747个人类肿瘤相关基因的Oligo双通道芯片研究差异表达基因。分别抽提44F10、48A9组和地面对照细胞的总RNA,逆转录cDNA并标记探针。将实验组和对照组cDNA探针混合,分别与同一张芯片杂交后,用不同的波长扫描荧光强度,从而筛选出差异基因。44F10组有16个基因呈现差异表达,48A9组有36个基因呈现差异表达。差异性表达主要涉及细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、细胞周期调控和信号转导的基因。促进细胞增殖的基因在44F10组中表达上调,而在48A9组中限制细胞增殖的基因表达上调。研究表明,太空诱变宫颈癌细胞的差异表达基因导致了细胞生物学行为的改变。     

芥子酶的研究概况

芥子酶是白花菜目十字花科的植物中普遍存在的一种水解酶,它与硫代葡糖苷共同组成了植物的防御系统,对其研究具有重要的意义.对芥子酶的发现、起源、分布、生化特性、编码基因和表达等方面的研究进行了简单的综述.     

Mechanisms of sperm-egg interactions emerging from gene-manipulated animals

Untangling the molecular nature of sperm-egg interactions is fundamental if we are to understand fertilization. These phenomena have been studied for many years using biochemical approaches such as antibodies and ligands that interact with sperm or with eggs and their vestments. However, when homologous genetic recombination techniques were applied, most of the phenotypic factors of the gene-manipulated animals believed “essential” for fertilization were found to be dispensable. Of course, all biological systems contain redundancies and compensatory mechanisms, but as a whole the old model of fertilization clearly requires significant modification. In this review, we use the results of gene manipulation experiments in animals to propose the basis for a new vision. Received 26 January 2007; received after revision 7 March 2007; accepted 17 April 2007     

The human genome and understanding of common disease: present and future technologies

The study of candidate genes over the past three decades has yielded notable successes in common-disease genetics. During this time, however, interpretation of genetic association studies has been hampered by the use of clinical cohorts of inadequate power and insufficient information on genetic variation in candidate genes. The unavailability of highthroughput and low-cost genotyping technologies has also limited the scope of complex-disease genetic studies. More recently, however, the sequencing and characterization of variation within the human genome has revolutionized genetic studies and enabled full genome-wide scans for genes associated with disease. The identification of disease-associated (causative) genes has illuminated disease mechanisms. The translation of this knowledge into direct clinical benefit in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy for an individual’s disease still remains a challenge. Received 11 September 2006; received after revision 17 December 2006; accepted 18 January 2007     

影响植物分枝的一些基因及其分子机制

了解植物分枝机理不仅具有理论意义,对于农业、林业、果树、蔬菜和花卉等生产实践更具有重要意义.由于分子生物学的发展,人们有机会获得转基因植物和突变体,利用这些材料从不同角度对植物分枝机理进行深入研究.影响植物分枝的分子机制是多种多样的,对激素感知、激素代谢、激素运输等方面的影响都可以改变植物的分枝状况.目前,分枝的分子机制研究已取得较大进展.     

拟南芥耐干旱相关转录因子DREB1A基因的克隆及序列分析

设计引物利用PCR技术从拟南芥中克隆与植物耐旱相关序列DRE相结合的转录因子DREB1A的基因,得到扩增谱带后,进行TA克隆,经蓝白斑筛选获得pDREB重组质粒,经PCR验证和序列测定确认扩增所得片段为DREB1A基因,并对该基因序列进行了分析.     

小麦中与低脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量关联的抗性基因类似物

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxynivalenol,DON)是小麦遭受赤霉病危害后由赤霉病菌———禾谷镰刀菌产生的一种真菌毒素,这种毒素对人类和家畜的健康产生危害,严重地影响小麦的利用价值.种植低DON含量的品种是减少这种毒素危害的有效措施,而分子标记辅助育种技术能加速低DON品种的选育进程.在采用AFLP、SSR分子标记的基础上,进一步利用抗性基因类似物(RGA)对‘宁7840’(低DON含量的品种)和‘Clark’(高DON含量的品种)建立的133个重组自交系进行了DON含量的遗传特性分析.研究结果发现两个DON含量的数量特性位点(QTL),它们中含有4个与低DON含量密切相关RGAs,其中三个RGAs(RGA14-1,RGA16-1,RGA18-1)座落在染色体1A的长臂上,另一个(RGA14-2)座落在染色体5B的长臂上.座落在1AL和5BL上的QTL分别解释16.81%和7.84%的DON含量变异.DNA序列分析表明这些RGAs均与现已发现的抗性基因同源/类似,它们可能在小麦的低DON含量和赤霉病抗性上扮演着重要的角色.