钝顶螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的提取工艺优化及其纯化研究

以钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)藻蓝蛋白(Phycocyanin)的纯度和回收率为指标,考察溶胀法和冻融法中不同破壁影响因素及活性炭吸附法中活性炭目数、活性炭加入量和吸附时间对藻蓝蛋白粗提的影响,并结合响应面分析法优化提取工艺参数,得到最优破壁条件和活性炭吸附条件。结果表明,溶胀法最优提取条件为料液比1∶50(g/mL),溶胀时间24h,溶胀次数2次,测得藻蓝蛋白纯度为0.47,得率为2.17%;冻融法最优提取条件为料液比1∶50(g/mL),冷冻时间8h,冻融次数2次,测得藻蓝蛋白纯度为0.34,得率为2.19%。活性炭吸附法最优工艺条件为300目活性炭,活性炭加入量0.7g/20mL,吸附时间10min,藻蓝蛋白纯度为0.80,回收率为73.23%。疏水层析法纯化得到食品级藻蓝蛋白(纯度P≥0.7)和医药级藻蓝蛋白(纯度P≥3.0),总回收率为61.15%。因此,溶胀-活性炭吸附-疏水层析三步提纯藻蓝蛋白工艺合理可行,实现了医药级藻蓝蛋白的分离提纯,降低了工业生产成本,具有实用价值。     

面包树树叶类黄酮提取工艺优化及抗氧化性评价

为探究面包树(Artocarpus altilis)树叶类黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件,本研究以面包树树叶为原料,乙醇为提取剂,采用常温提取法、回流提取法、超声波辅助提取法3种方法进行提取,得到最佳提取方法;在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法优化提取工艺,并评价其抗氧化活性。结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇体积分数86.15%、固液比1∶8.3 (g/mL)、提取温度74.03℃、超声时间71.33 min,类黄酮得率为8.87%,含量为0.93 mg/mL。类黄酮对DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度(IC₅₀)值为0.23 mg/mL,对ABTS⁺自由基的IC₅₀值为0.024 mg/mL。上述工艺条件能有效提取面包树树叶中的类黄酮成分,其具有较强的自由基清除能力,为面包树树叶类黄酮资源的开发与利用提供了参考。     

基于WSR方法论的高校后勤服务质量管理研究

高校后勤是高等教育体系中重要组成部分。高效、服务型后勤系统能够为高校人才培养、科学研究和社会服务良性发展提供重要支撑。新时代提高高校后勤服务质量,提高后勤服务对高校教学科研的支撑度是高校后勤亟待解决的问题。同时,高校后勤是一个复杂的系统,需要运用系统观念,统筹各领域的发展,才能提高运行效率,提供良好的服务。WSR方法论是重要的系统工程分析方法之一,运用WSR方法论利于梳理后勤系统各个领域之间联系,推动整个系统良性发展。论文基于WSR方法论从物理（W）-事理（S）-人理（R）三个层面分析了高校后勤服务管理要素,搭建了高校后勤服务质量管理体系,提出了提升“三度”（配备度、规范度、和谐度）的建议,为提高后勤服务质量管理水平提供参考。     

Modeling Organizational Systems: Banathy's Three Lenses Revisited

The inherent complexity of organizational systems defies full understanding by inquirers. This condition often causes organizational inquirers to become mired in convoluted deliberations, unable to attain the consensus among the inquiring community that is needed to advance the research forward to a meaningful conclusion. Consequently, many practitioners and researchers employ models of organizations to aid in simplifying the system's complexity and to reach shared agreement. Because no single model can fully capture the complexity of an organization, Dr. Bela H. Banathy therefore proposed using three types of interrelated models to give a multidimensional view of a human system under study. Since Banathy first introduced his three lenses approach, the concept has been employed in many educational and organizational settings. This article examines the author's experience using Banathy's three lenses and integrates their usage with some other popular modeling techniques, providing a comprehensive view of how Banathy's three lenses can be effectively employed in contemporary organizational settings.     

英语教学法课程的教学策略

英语教学法课程教学的制约因素甚多，尤其是思想准备、专业水平和教学方法训练等方面的问题直接影响到课程的教学质量。所以在教学中应注意培养师生间的良好心理协调氛围、完善基础英语的知识结构和运用能力以及优化教学法训练。     

水资源系统工程的理论框架探讨

作为一门新兴交叉综合性工程技术学科,水资源系统工程在人口、资源、环境、经济与社会区域可持续发展战略研究中具有重要意义.根据水资源系统工程的基本概念,指出水资源系统工程的实质就是处理各种水资源系统问题的方法论,据此提出了水资源系统工程新的理论框架,它由水资源系统优化方法、建模方法、预测方法、模拟方法、评价方法和决策分析方法组成.该理论框架在各种应用系统工程研究中具有参考应用价值.     

复杂性研究与还原论的超越

复杂性研究的一个总特征是对传统还原论持批判态度。并且试图通过建立复杂性范式来超越沿用了数百年的还原论。所谓超越就是既要突破又要包容。所以复杂性研究对还原论的超越要理解为对传统的还原论的适用范围作出合理的限制，既要打破还原论放之四海而皆准的神话，又要充分运用其合理的因素，而不是采取彻底抛弃的态度。     

用还原论与整体论相结合的方法探索复杂性

科学研究方法论从古至今经历了一个超越还原论、发展整体论、实现还原论与整体论辩证统一的演化过程。实现还原论与整体论的辩证统一是有坚实的哲学依据与客观基础的；实现还原论与整体论的辩证统一，体现在认识过程中，就是从具体到抽象、再从抽象到具体的分析与综合交织互动的辩证思维途径。     

系统方法论研究的现状分析与展望

对目前系统方法论的研究进行分类：硬系统方法论、软系统方法论和批评性系统方法论，分析了不同系统方法的哲学思想、方法步骤及其局限性，探讨了未来系统方法论发展的形式。     

Developing the methodology of TSI: From the oblique use of methods to creative design

During the last 13 years, a dialogue has been conducted in the Critical Systems literature on the subject of choice betwen methods. However, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, researchers went in two separate directions. One direction involved an exploration of the “creative design of methods.” This is when the problem situation is understood in terms of a series of systemically interrelated research questions, each of which might need to be addressed using a different method, or part of a method. A synthesis is generated that allows each individual research question to be addressed as part of a whole system of questions. The other research direction involved the development of “Total Systems Intervention” (TSI), a meta-methodology that, amongst other things, encourages the creative exploration of the problem situation prior to the choice of methods. One of the latest innovations in TSI is a theory of the “oblique” use of methods. This is the use of methods for purposes other than those they were originally designed for. However, it is argued here that all the case studies that have been subject to an “oblique” interpretation can be better explained if they are seen as examples of the creative design of methods. We can therefore bring together the two strands of research that have hitherto been pursued separately in the Critical Systems literature. it is suggested that TSI can be enhanced by an understanding of the creative design of methods because the latter allows us to explain the purposive, flexible, and responsive way in which TSI is most successfully used in practice.