Gelation and swelling behavior of oxidized konjac glucomannan/chitosan hydrogel

The gelating and swelling mechanisms of the hydrogel formed from oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) and chitosan (CS) were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. FT-IR spectra illustrate that the interaction of polysaccharides forms the hydrogen bonds and interchain salt bonds and the dissocation of which dominates the swelling behavior in buffer solutions of different pH. The concentration of salt ion has effect on swelling behavior through the difference of salt ion concentration between in solution and in network of hydrogel, which causes penetrating pressure. Moreover, the Swelling degree and hydrogel strength could be modulated by varying conditions. It is indicated that the hydrogel has pH-sensitive and salt ion sensitive properties. The prepared optimum condition selected by varying conditions is thatr=0.2;t=30 min;T _p=343 K andI=1.6. Foundation item: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China (29574173) Biography: He Dong-bao (1945-), male, Professor, research direction: modifying and gelating of natural polysaccharides.     

Preparation and characterization of chitosan/carboxymethylated konjac glucomannan blend films

In order to improve the mechanical and water swelling properties of the chitosan (CS) film, a series of transparent films were prepared by blending 2% (weight) chitosan acetic acid solution with 1.5% (weight) carboxymethylated konjac glucomannan (CMKGM) aqueous solution according to predetermined ratio and drying at 30°C. The morphological structure, miscibility, thermal stability, mechanical properies, and swelling capacity of the blend films were studied by infrared (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), and measurements of the mechanical properties and swelling properties. The results demonstrated that there was strong interaction and good miscibility between CS and CMKGM resulted from intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic force. The mechanical properties in dry state and wet state, thermostability, and water swelling properties of the blend films were obviously improved. The best values of the tensile strength in the dry and wet state achieved 89 MPa and 49 MPa, respectively, when the CMKGM content was 30% (weight). The CS/ CMKGM blend films provided promising biomedical applications. Foundation item: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No.29977014). Biography: Zheng hua (1965-), male, Associate professor, research direction: renewable resource chemistry.     

魔芋与田菁无粘土钻井液的研究与应用

魔芋与田菁无粘土钻井液是一类分别采用魔芋与田菁植物胶配制而成的新型钻井液,特别适用于金刚石钻进、各种井底动力钻具钻进、水文水井钻进与浅油井钻进,具有保护孔壁,提高钻速、钻头寿命,提高破碎岩矿层采心率,降低泵压,减少激动压力,减少对地层损害等许多优良性能。介绍与讨论了钻井液配方与配制方法、性能分析和比较以及生产应用等。     

魔芋低聚糖对小鼠实验性高脂血症防治作用的研究

为研究魔芋低聚糖对小鼠实验性高脂血症的降低脂作用,采用灌胃法建立小鼠高脂血症模型及磨芋低聚糖实验组,测定多项生化指标。     

魔芋葡甘露聚糖的化学改性及其应用性能的研究

采用醚化氧化工艺,以魔芋粉为原料合成了系列印花糊料 Ｍ_１和 Ｍ_２并且就其应用性能分别与意大利的 Ｉｎｄａｌｃａ ＰＡ－４０及海藻酸钠进行比较,其中Ｍ_１各项达到了Ｉｎｄａｌｌａ ＰＡ－４０的水平,Ｍ_２各项指标接近海藻酸钠．     

一种新型凝胶调剖剂的室内研究

针对高渗透或高含水油藏,以魔芋粉为主剂,通过对凝胶体系中各组分的优化,研制出了一种新型的凝胶调剖剂,并且对调剖剂性能进行了测试分析.实验结果表明:80℃下,凝胶体系在pH为7～12,矿化度(105mg·mL-1的条件下,成胶黏度在5.0～20.0Pa.s内可调,成胶时间在2～28h内可调,岩心封堵率大于99%,突破压力梯度大于26MPa.m-1,残余阻力系数大于200,能用于高含水期的水井调剖和油井堵水.     

羧甲基葡甘聚糖铁凝胶球对磷的吸附性能

用Fe3+交联羧甲基葡甘聚糖制得了一种新型吸附材料,研究了羧甲基葡甘聚糖铁凝胶球对磷酸根的吸附性能.分别考察了吸附时间、羧甲基葡甘聚糖浓度、FeCl3浓度、pH值、温度和磷酸根浓度对吸附的影响,同时用红外光谱初步表征了羧甲基葡甘聚糖铁凝胶球-磷酸根复合物的结构.结果表明:293K时,羧甲基葡甘聚糖铁凝胶球对磷酸根的吸附反应在12h时达平衡,当羧甲基葡甘聚糖浓度为2.0%,Fe3+质量分数为2.0%,磷浓度为100mg/L时,吸附量为23.26mg/g,吸附率达93%.     

双水相萃取技术分离纯化生物活性物质研究——(I)魔芋葡甘露聚糖纯化及改性研究

对不同方法纯化魔芋葡甘露聚糖进行了研究,酶法结合乙醇沉淀法是最佳提纯魔芋葡甘露聚糖的方法。对提纯的魔芋葡甘露聚糖进行了改性,对比了改进魔芋葡甘露聚糖、魔芋葡甘露聚糖和魔芋精粉的溶胶特性和稳定性,其中以改性魔芋葡甘露聚糖的溶胶特性和稳定性最佳。     

不同引发体系对魔芋粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚反应的影响研究

研究以硝酸铈铵、过硫酸钾、过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂的魔芋粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚体系.对引发剂浓度、反应温度、单体浓度、单体中和度、反应时间等反应条件进行了考察,并比较了以硝酸铈铵、过硫酸钾、过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为不同引发体系的魔芋粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚反应,实验表明以过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂的引发效果最佳.     

非水相体系中的脂肪酶催化反应制备酯化葡甘聚糖的初步研究

研究了在各种非水相反应体系中以不同的脂肪酶为催化剂的魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)的酶催化酯化和转酯化反应,以探索制备酯化KGM衍生物的可行的、环境友好的新途径.初步的实验结果表明通过非水相反应体系中的脂肪酶催化反应能够制得KGM的酯化衍生物;在适宜的条件下,脂肪酶Lipase-OF和Lipozyme Tl 100L 是制备酯化KGM的有效的生物催化剂.