4—甲基—6—羟基—2—吡啶酮衍生物的互变异构研究

合成和精制了五个４－甲基－６－羟基－２－吡啶酮衍生物，用核磁共振波谱和 红外光谱研究了它们在氘代二甲基亚砜溶液中的烯醇式、双酮式互变异构平 衡。热力学参数的计算表明，从烯醇式到双酮式构型的转变是一个吸热过程。 当氮原子上带有体积较大的取代基时，在相同的条件下，化合物更容易以双 酮式构型存在。     

Immune responses to DNA vaccines

DNA vaccines, based on plasmid vectors expressing an antigen under the control of a strong promoter, have been shown to induce protective immune responses to a number of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. They have also displayed efficacy in treatment or prevention of cancer, allergic diseases and autoimmunity. Immunologically, DNA vaccines induce a full spectrum of immune responses that include cytolytic T cells, T helper cells and antibodies. The immune response to DNA vaccines can be enhanced by genetic engineering of the antigen to facilitate its presentation to B and T cells. Furthermore, the immune response can be modulated by genetic adjuvants in the form of vectors expressing biologically active determinants or by more traditional adjuvants that facilitate uptake of DNA into cells. The ease of genetic manipulation of DNA vaccines invites their use not only as vaccines but also as research tools for immunologists and microbiologists. Received 26 October 1998; received after revision 3 December 1998; accepted 3 December 1998     

The pleiotropic functions of aspirin: mechanisms of action

Recent studies have suggested that aspirin and aspirin-like compounds have a variety of actions in addition to their well-studied ability to inhibit cyclooxygenases. These actions include inhibition of the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, decreases in adenosine triphosphate stores, increases in extracellular adenosine, downregulation of the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthetase, inhibition and/or stimulation of various mitogen-activated protein kinase activities and inhibition of nuclear factor binding κB site (NF-κB) activation. Moreover, aspirin-like compounds have recently been shown to have previously unappreciated clinical and biological effects, some apparently independent of cyclooxygenase. In this review we discuss the various mechanisms of action of aspirin-like compounds and their relevance to clinical disease and therapy. Received 1 February 1999; received after revision 1 April 1999; accepted 7 May 1999     

基于B/S模式的网络考试系统的研究

主要介绍基于B/S模式的网络考试系统的设计原理和体系结构,并且根据研究的结果开发出了一个通用的考试系统工具。本文首先介绍了软件开发的基础,其次分析了该系统的功能,然后详细介绍了该系统中的主要模块的设计与实现。     

B/S结构下研究生培养方案制订系统分析设计

针对目前研究生培养方案制订过程的复杂性,提出了一种基于Web和三层B/S模式的研究生培养方案制订系统.该系统成功地解决了学校管理、教师制订培养方案和研究生选择课程三者之间的关系.主要讨论了B/S的结构及其工作原理,设计了系统功能图,其中包括系统控制模块、学生管理模块、教师管理模块、课程管理模块和教室管理模块.该系统的应用保证了研究生培养方案的安全性、稳定性和高效性.     

毕西巴尼、Leustroducsin及Z-100对人骨髓基质细胞株白介素6产生的作用

我们使用Leustroducsin、毕西巴尼(OK—432)及Z—100三种细菌制剂作为诱导剂,通过培养人骨髓基质细胞株BM01,观察此三种物质对BM01白细胞介素6(IL_6)产生的影响,用ELISA法检测培养液中IL_6的含量。结果显示,三种诱导剂均可使BMO1分泌ILL_6增多,以Leustrodcsin的诱导作用最显著。     

基于NATPT的可扩展组播过渡方案

为了解决IPv4到IPv6过渡时期因特网的组播通信问题,提出了一种适于基于网络地址翻译和协议翻译(NATPT)的可扩展组播过渡方案(TMS).该方案将原边界路由器上实施的NATPT技术进行了扩展,并与IPv6域内的中心节点路由器(RP)进行消息通信以支持过渡网络中的组播服务.在通信过程中,NATPT路由器充当中继节点,连接IPv4方的应用层组播和IPv6方的网络层组播.利用佐治亚理工开发的网络拓扑生成工具GT-ITM进行了模拟实验,实验结果表明TMS方案可以明显的降低组播成员的传输延迟,降低网络的链路强度,能够较好的支持组播服务的平滑过渡.     

安塞油田长6油层组精细地层划分与对比

目的 在油田开发中、后期,为研究砂体展布、沉积微相、储层非均质性以及最终预测有利含油区块提供基础数据。方法 利用测井曲线和岩心资料,分析了研究区近200口探井长6油层组的岩、电特征,对安塞油田延长组长6油层组进行了精细划分与对比,并利用该成果分析了长6;q小层的沉积微相及砂体展布特点。结果 长6油层组自上而下划分为长61^1-1、长61^1-2、长61^1-3、长61^2长62和长63等6个不同级别的小层,各小层厚度不等;其中,长61^1-2小层砂体发育,属水下分流河道微相,为安塞油田延长组长6油层组的主力产层。结论 长6油层组精细地层划分与对比对油田开发具有重要意义。     

Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action

The popularity of caffeine as a psychoactive drug is due to its stimulant properties, which depend on its ability to reduce adenosine transmission in the brain. Adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors are expressed in the basal ganglia, a group of structures involved in various aspects of motor control. Caffeine acts as an antagonist to both types of receptors. Increasing evidence indicates that the psychomotor stimulant effect of caffeine is generated by affecting a particular group of projection neurons located in the striatum, the main receiving area of the basal ganglia. These cells express high levels of adenosine A_2A receptors, which are involved in various intracellular processes, including the expression of immediate early genes and regulation of the dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated 32-kDa phosphoprotein DARPP-32. The present review focuses on the effects of caffeine on striatal signal transduction and on their involvement in caffeine-mediated motor stimulation.Received 8 July 2003; received after revision 7 September 2003; accepted 6 October 2003