Phylogeny and life habits of Early Arthropods-Predation in the Early Cambrian Sea

We investigated two new arthropods from the Maotianshan-Shale fauna of southern China in the course of our research on life strategies, particularly predation, in Early Cambrian marine macrofaunal biota. One form clearly belongs to the so-called "great-appendage" arthropods, animals that were, most likely, active predators catching prey with their first pair of large, specialized frontoventral appendages. Based on this, we hypothesize that the new species and many others, if not all, of the "great-appendage" arthropods were derivatives of the chelicerate stem lineage and not forms having branched off at different nodes along the evolutionary lineage of the Arthropoda. Rather, we consider the "great-appendage" arthropods as belonging to a monophyletic clade, which modified autapomorphically their first pair of appendages (antennae in general arthropod terminology) into raptorial organs for food capture. The second new form resembles another Maotianshan-Shale arthropod, Fuxianhuia protensa, in sharing a head made of only two separate segments, a small segment bearing oval eyes laterally, and another bearing a large tergite, which forms a wide shield freely overhanging the subsequent narrow trunk segments. This segment bears a single pair of rather short anteriorly directed uniramous appendages, considered as the "still" limb-shaped antennae. Particularly the evolutionary status of head and limbs of these two forms suggests that both are representatives of the early part of the stem lineage toward the crown-group of Arthropoda, the Euarthropoda. These forms appear rather unspecialized, but may have been but simple predators. This adds to our hypothesis that predation was a common, if not dominant feeding strategy in the Cambrian, at least for arthropods.     

神经干细胞及其临床应用潜能

近年来神经干细胞已在成年哺乳动物中的中枢神经系统中分离成功。神经干细胞的最基本特征是具有分化为神经元、星状胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的潜能，具有自我更新能力，并足以维持整个大脑所需。神经干细胞在修复受伤神经组织及治疗神经系统退行性疾病，如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、和亨庭顿病等方面有很好的应用前景。但在达到临床实际应用之前仍有一系列问题需要解决，最首要的是搞清神经干细胞的分化机制。     

Clonogenic colony-forming ability of hepatic stem cells in the spleens of mice

To confirm the existence of hepatic stem cells (HSCs), fetal liver cells isolated from mice on embryonic day 13 (ED13) were long-term cultured in vitro. Growth of the cells was observed intensively and characteristics were identified by immunocytochemistry. The results showed that some of the cells grew as colonies, in which some cells expressed AFP, CD34 and Albumin. Then the cells were transplanted intravenously into irradiated syngeneic mice. At day 12 a number of small hyperplasia nodules were seen in the apparently enlarged spleens of recipient mice. Moreover, some nodules were positive for AFP and CD34 and consisted of various types of cells, suggesting the very existence of hepatic stem cells in the mouse fetal liver.     

特征值问题Q_1~(rot)元的展开及外推

对pisson方程的特征值采用Q_1~(rot)非协调元进行展开,得出了特征值更近的上界,当选用方行Q_1~(rot)元时得到了整齐的结果,然后在误差展开式的基础上进行外推,把特征值的精度从二阶提高到四阶。     

Preliminary study on human fibroblasts as feeder layer for human embryonic stem cells culture in vitro

To avoid the direct contact with mouse cells and possible heterogeneous pathogen in future application ,we need to replace mouse embryonic fibroblasts with human fibroblasts as the feeder layer to maintain human embryonic stem cells growth in the undifferentiated state,We Success-fully use human fibroblasts derved from aborted fetus and adult prepuces as feeder layer to maintain human embryonic stem cells growth ,During the passage and growth on this feeder layer,the human embryonic stem cells can keep their undifferentiated state.     

On the “plasticity”of adult stem cells and its application in regenerative medicine

In recent years, with the increasingly further studies on embryonic stem cells and the recognition of the biologic characteristics of adult stem cells, it has been discovered that adult stem cells have another phenomenon of “plasticity” in addition to the characteristics of strong potential for self-renewal, proliferation and multi-differentiation, which brings us the hope for regenerative medicine—renewing new organ or tissue cells to replace those damaged by injury or diseases. Although the mechanism of “plasticity” and its application in the regenerative medicine are still in doubt, thorough exploration in these subjects would open up broad prospects for the use in cell and tissue engineering in the near future.     

神经干细胞的研究及应用前景

神经干细胞可持续增殖、分化产生神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞。神经干细胞的这种特性为进行中枢神经退行性病变和损伤的治疗打下了基础。本文综述了神经干细胞的增殖与自我更新、分离与分化、胚胎干细胞定向诱导、神经干细胞的移植及其在体研究等研究现状，并对神经干细胞临床应用前景做出展望。     

基于快速提升小波变换与人眼视觉特性的数字水印算法

提出了一种基于快速提升小波变换与人眼视觉特性的新数字水印算法，该算法以提升小波变换为基础，能够通过水印序列随机置换、视觉掩盖特性值计算、小波系数排序等措施，较迅速地将数字水印信息嵌入到小波图像高频子带的纹理区内的重要位置上，从而高效率地实现局部水印和全局水印的双重目标．实验结果表明，该文提出的数字水印算法不仅具有较好的透明性，而且对诸如叠加噪声、JPEG压缩、平滑滤波、几何剪切、图像增强、马赛克等攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性．     

委陵菜属四种植物茎叶解剖结构的比较研究

利用解剖学方法对委陵菜属四种植物的茎叶解剖特征进行了比较和分析，结果表明：四种植物茎的结构具有相似性，只是多茎委陵菜茎具有复表皮现象；从叶的结构看，二裂叶委陵菜属于等面叶，叶肉组织全部分化为栅栏组织，而其余三种叶均为背腹叶：综合四种植物茎叶解剖特征，四种委陵菜都具有旱生植物特征。但其抗旱性的发达程度不尽相同，其中以二裂叶委陵菜的抗旱特征最显著，其次为西山委陵菜，多茎委陵菜，鹅绒委陵菜较弱。