西松烯内酯的合成研究——Ⅱ.中间体苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚的合成

以香叶醇为原料经过4步反应得到8-溴-3,7-二甲基-(2E,6E)-辛二烯基苯硫醚(7),(7)与(?)牛儿醛在Cr(Ⅱ)作用下立体选择地得到苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚.     

Apoptotic cell death in the lactating mammary gland is enhanced by a folding variant of α-lactalbumin

Apoptosis is essential to eliminate secretory epithelial cells during the involution of the mammary gland. The environmental regulation of this process is however, poorly understood. This study tested the effect of HAMLET (human -lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) on mammary cells. Plastic pellets containing HAMLET were implanted into the fourth inguinal mammary gland of lactating mice for 3 days. Exposure of mammary tissue to HAMLET resulted in morphological changes typical for apoptosis and in a stimulation of caspase-3 activity in alveolar epithelial cells near the HAMLET pellets but not more distant to the pellet or in contralateral glands. The effect was specific for HAMLET and no effects were observed when mammary glands were exposed to native a-lactalbumin or fatty acid alone. HAMLET also induced cell death in vitro in a mouse mammary epithelial cell line. The results suggest that HAMLET can mediate apoptotic cell death in mammary gland tissue.Received 30 January 2004; received after revision 5 March 2004; accepted 16 March 2004     

NMR study on self-assembled cage complex of hexamethylenetetramine and cucurbit[n]urils

Self-assembled complexes between cage com-pounds cucurbit[n = 5—8]urils and hexamethylenetetramine were studied by using NMR techniques. Experimental results reveal that hexamethylenetetramine can lid cucurbit[5]uril to forming self-assembled capsules in which nothing is encap-sulated yet; the cavity of the cucurbit[7]uril can accommo-date a hexamethylenetetramine molecule to form a self- assembled host-guest inclusion. Moreover, both the cavity interaction of the cucurbit[7]uril with hexamethylenetetra-mine稨Cl and the portal interaction of the dipole carbonyl of the cucurbit[7]uril with hexamethylenetetramine稨Cl lead to form self-assembled capsules in which the hexamethylene-tetramine稨Cl are encapsulated in the hexamethylenetetra-mine稨Cl lidded cucurbit[7]uril. Although the structures of the portal and cavity to cucurbit[5]uril are similar, there is no obvious interaction between decamethylcucurbit[5]uril and hexamethylenetetramine, and also between cucurbit [6]uril or cucurbit[8]uril and hexamethylenetetramine.     

多项式模上全次数除法及其在CAGD中的应用(Ⅰ)

本首先介绍了利用Ｇｒｏｅｂｎｅｒ基求解Ｓｙｚｙｇｙ模生成元的方法,在对方法做出进一步分析的基础上,给出了一元模上的多项式辗转相除法,这种除法相对于已有的方法有许多优点。     

发展中国家城市化的特征及其启示

着重从城市化的动力机制、城市化水平的地域结构、历史进程和发展趋势等几个方面对发展中国家城市化的特征进行了初步探讨,并提出了我国今后城市化过程中应汲取的启示。     

半(p,r)-预不变凸函数及其规划的最优性条件

首先在半预不变凸函数和(p,r)-预不变凸函数的基础上,定义了一类新的广义凸函数半(p,r)-预不变凸函数,它既是半预不变凸函数又是(p,r)-预不变凸函数的推广形式,从而是熟知的凸函数和不变凸函数的推广形式.接着,讨论了半(p,r)-预不变凸函数的一些有用性质.最后利用半(p,r)-预不变凸(凹)函数讨论了目标函数和约束函数均不可微的多目标规划问题,从而获得两个最优性条件.     

子洲地区山西组及盒8段有利砂体成因探讨

目的为了查明鄂尔多斯盆地东部子洲地区山西组及盒8段有利砂体的特征及成因,进而寻找有利砂体及高产天然气聚集区。方法采用野外观察与室内研究相结合的方法。结果大量的砂岩样品统计显示,山西组砂岩类型以岩屑砂岩、石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑石英砂岩,盒8段砂岩主要为岩屑砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩;不同类型的砂岩物性不同,石英砂岩物性最好,其次是岩屑石英砂岩,岩屑砂岩物性最差;沉积相分析认为,子洲地区山西组主要为三角洲前缘,盒8段发育辫状河三角洲前缘,探明了重点气层组山23及盒82沉积微相的平面展布。结论有利的天然气储集体主要形成于水下分流河道微相,由于山西组和盒8段形成时古地理条件的不同,其砂体类型及储集性能也有一定的差异。     

Synthesis, Characterization and Calorimetry of Ni（C4H8N2O3）2Cl2

A coordination complex was synthesized from NiCl2 and dipeptide glycylglycine（GG）. It was characterized by element analysis, NMR and TG methods, and then was determined to be Ni（C4HsN2O3）2Cl2. Using an isoperibolic reaction calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of Ni（GG）2Cl2（solid） has been determined to be -（1 674.66±2.02） kJ · mol^-1 at 298.15 K.     

CD40L对B淋巴细胞表面分子及分泌IL-12的影响

在体外使用CD40L作用于B淋巴细胞使之活化,通过测定B淋巴细胞表面分子及分泌细胞因子的变化,探讨B淋巴细胞作为抗原递呈细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的优势,为B淋巴细胞特异性活化细胞毒T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)进而发挥其肿瘤细胞杀伤效应奠定基础.取7名健康成人外周静脉血,经淋巴细胞分离液分离人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),分为对照组和实验组,实验组培养液中加入加入CD40L和IL-4,共培养21 d.观察B淋巴细胞生长状况,并在第7 d、第14 d和第21 d,用流式细胞仪(FCAS)测定其表面分子CD80、CD86和CD19,在第21 d,使用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定培养液中的IL-12水平.结果显示,在CD40L的作用下,B淋巴细胞呈克隆样增殖,并高表达表面分子CD80/CD86和CD19,和对照组相比,B淋巴细胞分泌IL-12水平升高(P＜0.05).上述实验结果说明通过CD40L的刺激,B淋巴细胞得到了活化,提示通过该途径活化的B淋巴细胞具备了作为抗原递呈细胞而发挥其抗肿瘤免疫治疗的能力.