集水区径流资源空间变化的模拟与分析

利用高泉沟流域１９８８－１９９５年８年３１个观测小区定位观测的６３次流资料,模拟出了基于ＧＩＳ栅格系统的小区降雨－产综合模型;采用ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ系统,建立了研究区栅格ＤＭＥ、多年平均降水因子等空间数据库;提出了一种新的基于ＧＩＳ栅格系统的计算集水区总产流量的反演算法,模拟同泉沟流域径流资源的时空变异规律。     

黑龙江省观光农业旅游优势分析及对策

作为全国农业大省和边境省份的黑龙江省,发展观光农业旅游具有许多优势条件．本文分析了黑龙江省发展观光农业旅游的农业条件优势、客源市场优势,同时根据黑龙江省观光农业旅游发展的现状,提出了黑龙江省观光农业旅游发展对策．     

山西当前的生态问题和改善途径

从气候、土壤、植被和能源开发等方面分析了山西当前的生态处境,阐述了生态和经济系统相互协调对山西经济发展的重要性,提出了改善生态环境的有效途径。     

国外支持农业科技创新的制度保障与启示

农业科技创新既包括对农业未知领域扣新科学方法与知识的探索,也包括对农业新技术的研发与推广,在这一过程中需要建立一个有效的农业科技创新体系作为支撑。由于农业在一国的经济中往往处于十分重要的基础性地位,因此,在建设与完善农业科技创新体系的过程中,需要政府从法律、宏观科技管理、科研体系设置和科技成果推广体系等方面均拥有十分有力的制度保障。本文对国外支持农业创新的制度保障进行了系统的分析与总结,并在此基础上,针对目前我国农业科技创新的现状,从立法、科技管理和成果推广三个方面提供了一些政策建议。     

A preliminary account of the shallow-water echinoderms of Rodrigues,Mauritius, western Indian Ocean

Collections of echinoderms were made from the intertidal, lagoon and reef slopes of Rodrigues over a period of 3 weeks in September to October, 2001. A total of 74 species are reported here, including three species of Crinoidea, 10 species of Asteroidea, 17 species of Ophiuroidea, 15 species of Echinoidea and 29 species of Holothurioidea. These findings include 10 new records for the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues), four species (two in the asteroid genus ‘Asterina’, one in the ophiuroid genus Amphioplus and one species in the holothurioid genus Actinopyga) that remain unnamed due to the need to clarify unresolved taxonomic issues, and one species of crinoid which could not be identified because only the distal parts of four arms were collected. In the dendrochirotid holothurioid family Psolidae, the little-known species Psolus appendiculatus (de Blainville) 1821 Blainville, H. M. de. 1821. Holothuries. Dictionaire des Sciences Naturelles, 21: 310–319.  [Google Scholar], P. boholensis Semper, 1868 and P. complanatus Semper, 1868 are referred to the genus Psolidium Ludwig, 1887. Despite its seniority, P. appendiculatus is treated as a (senior) synonym of the better known and described species Psolidium ornatum (Perrier, 1893). In the dendrochirotid holothurioid family Phyllophoridae, Thyonidiella cherbonnieri nom. nov. is proposed for misidentified specimens of Semperiella tenera (Ludwig, 1875) in the western Indian Ocean, and Semperiella Heding and Panning, 1954 Heding, S. G and Panning, A. 1954. Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten Holothurien des zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13: 7–209, 102 figures [Google Scholar] is reduced to the synonymy of Thyonidiella Heding and Panning, 1954 Heding, S. G and Panning, A. 1954. Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten Holothurien des zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13: 7–209, 102 figures [Google Scholar]. In the apodid holothurioid family Chiridotidae the species Chiridota eximia Haacke, 1880 Haacke W 1880 Holothurien in K. A. Möbius and F. Richter (eds) Beitrage zur Meeresfauna der Insel Mauritius und des Seychelles (Berlin: Gustav Fischer), pp.?46–48  [Google Scholar] is reduced to the synonymy of C. rigida Semper, 1868.

Given the small size of the area of shallow water around Rodrigues that has been sampled, the relatively small range of marine habitats present and the geographic isolation, this is an impressive diversity. The biogeography of the 69 identified species of Rodrigues is discussed.     

Why are there so few “far southern” myriapods?

There are no extant Antarctic myriapods. The “far southern” islands south of latitude 45° S together with the isolated (south Atlantic) Tristan da Cunha, Gough, (south Indian) St Paul, Amsterdam and (south Pacific) Chatham islands (at 37 to 44° S), harbour only 33 native, introduced and partly identified taxa, including 17 Chilopoda, 11 Diplopoda, two Pauropoda and four Symphyla. The myriapods confined to the extreme edge of the Southern Ocean are entirely derived from pre-glacial Tertiary relicts or post-glacial anthropogenic introductions and show no evidence of co-occurring sibling taxa. This unusual distribution pattern provides a useful “no dispersal/no speciation” benchmark that can be applied to other far-southern non-marine invertebrates where the distinction between pre-glacial and post-glacial endemic taxa is not so clearly defined.     

面向精细农业的高维数据本征维数估计方法研究进展

农业信息化是精细农业的重要研究领域,也是农业现代化的重要标志.针对精细农业研究和实施中存在的高维数据处理难题,在分析农业信息快速实时处理需求的基础上,阐述了海量高维数据处理的基本方法,重点对高维数据的本征维数估计理论研究、关键技术和模型参数对本征维数估计结果的影响等进行论述,并分析数据本征维数估计理论尚需解决的科学问题,提出我国在该研究领域的重点发展方向和前沿问题.     

畜牧业在农业结构调整中率先发展

针对河曲县农业产业化调整的现状和当地的经济优势,论述了畜牧业在农业产业结构调整中率先发展的活力因素和亮点,为增加农民收入、确保农村经济稳步发展探索出了有效途径。     

农业专家系统中知识表示技术的研究

采用“描述框架+规则组”的两级知识表示方法,“描述框架”定义问题域涉及的因素,“规则组”描述问题域内求解的问题.基于这种知识表示技术,设计实现了农业专家系统开发工具的知识管理子系统,并给出知识管理子系统中因素分类、知识检测、知识求精和知识发现等构件的实现方法.