熊胆缓释胶囊的溶出度和生物利用度

为了减少服药次数,方便病人和医护人员,用缓释阻滞剂制备熊胆缓释胶囊。高效液相色谱外标定量法测定熊胆中特有成分熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)的含量,建立校正曲线及方法学考察。用RC-3D溶出仪,转篮法测定12颗胶囊溶出度。家兔16只分成两组,分别灌胃口服熊胆缓释颗粒和熊胆原药100mg/5mL生理盐水液。设定时间点采血后测出血浆中UDCA含量,绘制血药浓时曲线。3P87软件计算曲线峰下面积AUC缓,AUC原和各自的转运速率常数K缓和K原,用公式[AUC缓K缓(/AUC原·K原)]×100%,得出相对生物利用度F。实验结果是(1)体外溶出度按取样时间点为序(h)是05、1、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18、20。累积溶出百分率(%)为1837、2945、3578、4267、4986、5734、6912、7642、8867、9612、9673、9748。(2)血药浓时曲线在设定时间点(h)1、3、6、9、12、24、36、48,缓释组的浓度(μg·mL-1±SD)59159±2748,68826±4279,66278±3964,60207±3717,54964±4459,61480±4775,51573±6009,42462±4522。原药组41334±2291,67522±4635,51498±4987,37518±4175,36644±3933,35464±2986,25870±1914,22318±2693。曲线峰下面积(AUC缓和AUC原)[μg·mL-1·h)]分别是89852664,35164555,两组清除相转运速率常数K缓和K原分别是(h-1)003、0089。(3)计算出相对生物利用度F为7680%。表明熊胆缓释胶囊有好的体外溶出度和较高的体内生物利用度,可提供48h服药一次,达到缓释目的。     

低碳微量铌钢过冷奥氏体形变过程中的碳氮化物析出

利用透射电镜研究了低碳微量铌钢过冷奥氏体形变过程中的碳氮化物析出,运用Gladman晶粒粗化机制讨论了析出相颗粒的平均直径、体积分数和铁素体晶粒尺寸的关系.实验结果表明:实验用钢中的微量Nb在1 200℃时完全固溶,并在760℃变形前的冷却过程中无Nb(CN)析出.在形变过程中Nb(CN)的析出同样需要孕育期,但与等温过程相比大大提前.当变形量积累到一定值(本实验条件下ε=0.69)时,大量动态析出的Nb(CN)颗粒弥散分布在晶界以及位错线上.Nb(CN)析出随着应变量的增加而增加,但颗粒长大不明显,计算得到的铁素体晶粒平均截径与实际测得的铁素体晶粒吻合得较好.     

人脐血造血干／祖细胞体外扩增的实验研究

探索脐血造血干／祖细胞体外扩增的最佳条件;初步验证以单个核细胞作为培养起始细胞的可行性,以脐血单个核细胞作为培养起始细胞,在IMDM培养基中加入不同的因子组合培养7d,流式细胞仪测定培养前后的CD34＋细胞百分数、CD34^ CD38^-细胞百分数,分别计算单个核细胞,CD34^ 细胞和CD34^ CD38^-细胞的增长倍数,培养7d后,对照及各组合中脐血单个核细胞总数均比扩增前有十分显著的增加,但各组合相互之间扩增倍数差异不显著,CD34^ 细胞总数均比扩增前有十分显著的增加,加入SCF使扩增倍数增加更明显,未加入SCF组合中的CD34^ CD38^-细胞总数与培养前相比无明显增长,相对于对照扩增倍数也无差异;而加入SCF的组合相对于对照则有明显扩增,以上结果证实以单个核细胞作为培养的起始细胞也能达到较好的扩增效果,在本实验所用的细胞因子组合中,以SCF＋IL01＋IL－3＋IL－6＋GM－CSF＋EPO效果更佳,昆虫细胞基因工程生产的rhSCF及人尿来源的L－TPO对细胞扩增具有刺激作用,两者的协同作用明显。     

最速逼近微扰理论

本文提出了一种全新的研究量子体系基态的计算方案,最速逼近微扰理论。它通过逐步计入激发态的贡献来提高计算精度,且避免了瑞利-薛定谔微扰理论计算高级修正必须进行无穷求和和最陡下降微扰理论必须计算微扰哈密顿量二次和三次方矩阵元的困难,因而有更大的实用性。所举的计算实例表明,本文提出的计算方案比瑞利-薛定谔微扰理论和最陡下降微扰理论的计算精度高,而计算工作量却小得多.     

Radiation embryology

Summary Prenatal development, characterized by intensive cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration, shows a high radiosensitivity. Therefore, radiation exposure of embryos and fetuses is of great concern for radiological protection and human health. Irradiation during gestation can cause death, growth disorders, malformations, functional impairment and malignant diseases in childhood. These effects are strongly dependent on the developmental stage at exposure and on the radiation dose. The first trimester of pregnancy is regarded as the period with the highest risk for malformation and cancer induction. The developing nervous system shows a special susceptibility to ionizing radiation over a long period and is therefore of great significance for risk estimation. Knowledge about radiation effects on prenatal development has been derived from animal experimentation and from the exposure of human embryos. There is evidence that doses between 1 and 10 cGy may lead to developmental anomalies and that the radiation response can be modified by additional factors.     

手足口病型传染病的数学模型

将传染病流行区内的人群分成5类,根据人群之间的变化机制,应用动力学方法建立了含有潜伏期且在潜伏期、发病期和病愈期内均具有传染性的手足口病型传染病的数学模型.并在建立模型的基础上,讨论了手足口病模型的平衡点和稳定性,同时得出了阈值定理.     

软畴段在面内磁场作用下的行为

实验研究发现Ｈｉｐ对软畴段的条泡转变场Ｈｓｂ和磁泡缩灭场ＨＯ有较大影响，而且Ｈｓｂ和ＨＯ随Ｈｉｐ的变化与样品晶向有关     

Biological effects of trilostane in vitro on oocyte maturation and fertilization in the hamster

Summary The effects of the inhibition of steroidogenesis by trilostane on oocyte maturation were examined by studying spontaneous maturation and fertilization in vitro. 10^–6 M trilostane had no influence on the meiotic process, whether the oocytes were naked or not. At a concentration of 10^–6 M and 10^–7 M trilostane, low normal pronuclear formation and high polyspermy were found during in vitro fertilization. However, no retarded male pronuclear development could be detected in the trilostane-treated group. Thus, steroid producing activity within ova is apparently necessary to prevent multiple sperm penetration, but it has no effect on meiosis or the action of the so-called male pronucleus growth factor (MPGF).     

Comparison of the time courses of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion rates during continuous stimulation by LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in vivo and in vitro

Summary The patterns of LH secretion during constant stimulation of the pituitary glands of estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats with a maximally stimulating amount of LH-RH in vivo and in vitro correspond with each other qualitatively and quantitatively. In vitro the changes with time of the LH secretion rate are somewhat retarded, especially the occurrence of desensitization.     

工科大学生创业基本素质和能力教育的途径与形式

近年来,创业教育在世界各国高校已得到普遍重视,联合国教科文组织在其文件中也明确指出：“培养大学生创业技能与主动精神应成为高等教育主要关心的问题,大学生愈来愈不仅仅是求职者,而首先将成为工作岗位的创造者。”培养工科大学生的创业基本素质和能力是工科教育工作者的重要课题。“工科大学生创业教育模式的研究”课题组围绕工科的大学生更应该具备基本的创业素质和能力进行了调查研究,探索了培养工科大学生创业素质和能力的主要途径。