Regulatory mechanisms involved in modulating RGS function

Regulator of G-Protein Signaling (RGS) refers to a conserved 120–125 amino acid motif that was first identified by its ability to negatively regulate G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) signalling. Mechanistically, RGSs were found to regulate GPCR responses by binding to and stimulating the GTPase activity of the receptor-activated GTP-bound G α subunits. There are now over 25 mammalian RGSs containing proteins that are reported to carry out a variety of functions, many of which are unrelated to GPCR signalling. RGS proteins range in size from small proteins that contain little more than an RGS box to very large proteins that contain a variety of domains. The selectivity of function of the RGS proteins is attributable to the divergence of the RGS sequences as well as the presence of a variety of functional motifs, which allow them to interact with other proteins. Here we focus on the RGSs that are involved in modulating GPCR signalling by reviewing the diversity of the mechanisms involved in regulating these RGSs. Received 9 February 2006; received after revision 4 May 2006; accepted 22 May 2006     

酵母双杂交系统筛选与AtTR1相互作用的蛋白

AtTR1是拟南芥中发现的与植物高温和高盐等非生物胁迫相关的全新基因.采用GAL4酵母双杂交系统,以AtTR1作为诱饵蛋白,对拟南芥cDNA文库进行筛选,获得了与AtTR1有潜在相互作用的蛋白质PATL6 (Patellin6).进一步采用GST pulldown方法在体外验证了PATL6与AtTR1的相互作用.采用Realtime PCR检测PATL6在NaCl和Mannitol处理后的表达情况,结果显示PATL6的表达受高盐和高渗的诱导,是一个与非生物胁迫应答相关的基因.这些实验结果为进     

酵母SOD高产菌的选育及发酵条件

从数株酵母菌中选出了一株细胞生物量(Biomass)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量都较高的菌株,研究了该菌株产SOD较适宜的培养基组成、pH值和时间等发酵条件。     

酵母粉质量浓度对德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种KLDS 1.9201分批发酵动力学的影响

比较了德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种KLDS 1.9201在不同生长阶段的生长速率和产酸速率,分析了在乳清培养基中添加不同质量浓度酵母粉（0～20g/L）对该菌株分批发酵动力学参数的影响。结果表明：不论添加酵母粉与否,KLDS 1.9201的增殖速率和产酸速率均成正比例递增关系。随着酵母粉质量浓度提高到10g/L,KLDS 1.9201生长偶联期的持续时间由6 h缩短至4h,最高生长速率达到1.28g/L·h,在3h减速期内产生的乳酸量几乎占总产量的39％。但酵母粉添加量超过20g/L时对菌体生长反而有一定抑制作用。     

啤酒酵母泥中蛋白质的提取

从啤酒酵母泥中提取有益物质,不仅可以提高啤酒厂的经济效益,而且降低啤酒废酵母的污染负荷。研究了啤酒酵母蛋白的提取工艺,确定了主要工艺路线。实验中采用1 moL/L的Tween20作为表面活性剂和180分钟的超声破碎,啤酒酵母细胞的破壁率达到了68.67%,提取物酵母蛋白的产率为0.106 mg/mL。     

Retinoid X receptor activities of source waters in China and their removal efficiencies during drinking water treatment processes

There is increasing evidence of estrogenic activities of source waters and drinking waters in China based on estrogen receptors(ERs) testing.However,relating such activities to retinoid X receptors(RXRs) in both drinking and source waters are lacking.To rectify this situation,we assessed 23 source water samples from six major river systems in China.We also collected samples at various stages of water processing from three drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs) using a two-hybrid RXR yeast assay with and without metabolism.No RXR agonistic activity was observed,but significant antagonistic activity was detected in all sample extracts.The RXR antagonistic activities of source water sample extracts ranged from 15.2% to 57.8% without metabolism and 11.5% to 68.3% with metabolism,respectively.In the drinking water treatment processes,RXR antagonistic activities without metabolism and with metabolism of up to 31.4% and 37.5% were removed,respectively.Nevertheless,the remaining RXR antagonists in treated drinking water from these source waters could still be harmful to human health.To the best of our knowledge,the occurrence of in vitro RXR disruption activities in source and drinking water has not been previously reported in China.Therefore,an attempt was made to conduct detailed studies investigating RXR disrupting activities and their possible risks in source and drinking water.     

混合菌种发酵生产酱油的工艺研究

利用米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)混合接种,并在制曲后期混合添加嗜盐片球菌(Pediococus halophilus)和高渗酵母进行多菌种发酵生产酱油实验研究。结果表明,混合发酵的菌种最佳培养时间为36～40h,最佳发酵温度为45～48℃。米曲霉和黑曲霉的接种比为90%∶10%时,全氮利用率提高13.2%,氨基酸生成率提高6.8%。将成熟曲拌以10%的食盐水,在pH值为6.5的环境下,混合添加嗜盐片球菌和高渗酵母参与发酵可以提高酱油产品中的醇类含量和酸类含量,改进酱油的风味。     

四翅滨藜LRR类受体蛋白激酶基因在酵母中的表达

从四翅滨藜(Atriplex canescens)cDNA文库中得到一个亮氨酸富集重复序列类受体蛋白激酶(Leucine rich repeat receptor like protein
 kinases, LRR RLKs)的全长cDNA序列, 命名为AcLRR(登录号： JN974247). 为研究AcLRR的抗逆功能, 将其构建到酵母表达载体pYES DEST52, 并转化到酿酒酵母INVSc1菌株中, 获得重组酵母INVSc1(pYES AcLRR), 对其进行盐、 碱、 干旱、 高温、 冷冻和活性氧等胁迫, 分析在不同逆境胁迫下的表型特征. 实验结果表明, INVSc1(pYES AcLRR)在各种胁迫下的存活率明显高于对照, 表明AcLRR基因具有抗NaCl,KCl,NaHCO₃,Na₂CO₃、 干旱、 高温、 冷冻和活性氧等胁迫的能力, 特别对冷冻和活性氧表现出明显抗性. 由此可推测该基因参与了四翅滨藜的抗逆调控过程.     

高铁营养酵母的摇瓶培养

采用实验室筛选的高铁营养酵母菌为实验菌株(Candida utilis)，根据酵母对铁的耐受量，研究培养条件对酵母细胞铁的富集、蛋白质含量及生物量的影响，探讨摇瓶培养工艺参数。