5-氨基-2-苯氨基-噻唑-4-苯甲酸乙酯的合成方法

根据活性亚结构拼接原理,利用aza-Wittg法合成5-氨基-2-苯氨基噻唑-4-苯甲酸乙酯化合物,通过1HNMR,EI-MS分析等方法对合成的化合物进行了结构表征。     

Policy Optimization Study Based on Evolutionary Learning

In order to achieve an intelligent and automated self-management network,dynamic policy configuration and selection are needed.A certain policy only suits to a certain network environment.If the network environment changes,the certain policy does not suit any more.Thereby,the policy-based management should also have similar natural selection process.Useful policy will be retained,and policies which have lost their effectiveness are eliminated.A policy optimization method based on evolutionary learning was p...     

程序树层次化结构统计模型及MOSES改进算法

为提高MOSES效率,提出了一种新的程序树层次化结构统计模型.该模型通过统计分析同类群,自动发现子树特征来指导优化.该模型不需要hBOA算法那样对变量集合进行建模,也不需要像MRTS算法那样遍历小规模的种群来发现潜在的有指导意义的子树.通过解决人工蚂蚁问题对算法进行了测试,结果表明改进后的MOSES算法更加高效.     

Vertical adaptive radiation in ocean Prochlorococcus: Evolutionary implications of the Chl b/a ratio from molecular evidence

Prochlorococcus is a marine cyanobacterium of global significance. Two ecotypes are adapted to either high-light (HL) or low-light (LL) conditions. The ratio between chlorophyll (Chl) a and b is a distinguishing characteristic of these two ecotypes. However, how this ratio evolved in Prochlorococcus during this ecotype differentiation remains unclear. Our analyses reveal that the ancestor of Prochlorococcus was typically low-light adapted. The LL ecotype showed a stagnant evolution, and the HL ecotype was recently diverged. There was an adaptive radiation after directional evolution in the Chl b/a ratio regulation. Recombination in chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) and positive selection on Clp protease contributed to the directional evolution of Prochlorococcus. The recombinant fragments of CAO were correlated with a large group of shared coevolving sites. Evidence of positive selection was found in both subunits of Clp. Chl b/a ratio evolution, as annotated by molecular evidence, appears to be among the crucial reasons that explain how Prochlorococcus has become the dominant photosynthetic organism in the ocean.     

基于并行优进策略的差分进化算法

差分进化算法是一种新颖的进化计算技术,为减少用户选择算法控制参数的盲目性和提高算法收敛速度,设计了一种基于并行优进策略的差分进化算法（DEPES算法）．算法随着搜索过程的进行随机动态调整缩放因子和选取差分进化模式;在进行差分操作的并行运算过程中,利用当前代最优个体产生新的试验向量参与竞争选择过程．几个复杂函数的数值实验结果表明,DEPES算法寻优效率高、收敛速度快、对初值具有很强的鲁棒性、对维数具有较好的适应性,尤其是具有避免局部极小的能力,其优化性能优于标准DE算法．     

Her X-1是中子星吗?

本文通过对Her X-1的X-ray观测结果和其他中子星X-ray时间变化特征和X-ray谱特征分析,对Her X-1是中子星提出质疑.并根据电子-离子束缚态及其引发核过程(简称:电子-离子束缚态)假说,时照太阳耀斑机制,认为Her X-1的辐射可能是它的伴星HZ-Her的耀斑.     

几种过渡金属氧化物在肉桂醛MPV还原中的作用

以几种负载在γ-Al2O3表面的过渡金属氧化物(La2O3、ZrO2、NiO、ZnO、CuO和CoOx)作为肉桂醛液相MPV反应的催化剂.实验结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,这些氧化物组分均对肉桂醛的MPV反应显示出不同的催化活性;在异丙醇和甲苯中这些氧化物对肉桂醛的MPV反应显示不同的活性;而La2O3的催化活性最高.     

微波促进下3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物的有效合成及其抗菌活性

利用微波促进的方法,通过Biginelli反应,以脂肪醛和杂环醛为原料、三氟醋酸(或冰醋酸)为催化剂,简便、高效地合成了一系列含脂肪烃基或杂环基的3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物,并首次对化合物抗植物病菌活性进行了初步测试.     

二醋酸碘苯促进的水相中酮和酚的直接反应

报道了二醋酸碘苯促进的水相中酮和酚的直接反应,在温和的条件下以中等收率合成了一系列的α-芳氧基酮.     

缩醛酯在Perkin类反应中的形成及其晶体结构

通过Perkin类反应得到3个新的化合物1,2和3. 利用X-射线单晶衍射仪测定化合物1和2的晶体结构.实验表明:化合物1,(E)-2-{2′-[3″-(1″-乙酰基-吲哚)基]乙烯}基-8-羟基喹啉乙酸酯为单斜晶系,空间群为P2(1)/c,晶胞参数为:a＝2.265 66(9) nm, b＝2.019 90(8) nm,c＝0.794 45(3) nm,α＝90°,β＝90.715(2) °,γ＝90°,V＝3.635 4(2) nm3,Z＝8,Dc＝1.353 mg/m3,μ＝0.091 mm-1,F(000)＝1 552,R1＝0.052 6 and wR2＝0.140 9.化合物2,1-(1′,1′-二乙酰基)甲基苯并噻吩为斜方晶系,空间群为Pccn,晶胞参数为:a＝1.701 16(8) nm,b＝2.001 71(8) nm,c＝0.766 28(3) nm,α＝90°,β＝90°,γ＝90°,V＝2.609 36(19) nm3,Z＝8,Dc＝1.345 mg/m3,μ＝0.251 mm-1,F(000)＝1 104,R1＝0.034 2 and wR2＝0.098 5. 本文报道了这2个化合物的晶体结构.化合物1、2和3的形成表明,在这类Perkin反应中,酸的存在将导致缩醛酯的形成,从而降低了缩合产物的产率.