升压方式和升压速率对圆盘压力试验的影响

以34Cr Mo和S31603材料为研究对象,通过圆盘压力试验法,采用脉冲近匀速升压方式和对应的匀速升压方式将试样加压至爆破,考察升压速率和升压方式对试样爆破压力的影响,并分析影响机制。结果表明,氢爆破压力随升压速率降低呈下降趋势;脉冲升压方式一的氢爆破压力始终大于升压方式二和升压方式三;升压方式二是一种较为合适的近匀速升压方式。升压方式对氢爆破压力的影响机制可能是因升压方式影响材料中氢扩散总量而导致的。     

Effect of Mg substitution for La on microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical properties of La1−xMgxNi3.5 (x=0.20, 0.23, 0.25 at%) alloys

The effect of Mg substitution for La on microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical properties of the annealed La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5(x=0.20, 0.23, 0.25 at%) alloys have been studied. All the samples were mainly composed of(LaMg)_2Ni_7,(LaMg)Ni_3, and LaNi_5 phases. Mg substitution for La changed the phase abundance, but did not change the constitution of all phases, which is con fi rmed by the results of backscattered SEM images and EDS analysis. The P–C isotherms indicated that the La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloys reversibly absorbed and desorbed hydrogen smoothly at 298 K. The hydrogen absorption cyclic stabilities of La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloy after 5 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles reached the maximum values of91.9% and 96.0% at 298 K and 323 K, respectively. The hydrogen desorption capacity and plateau pressure for the La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloy reached the maximum values of 1.055 H/M and 0.074 MPa, respectively. The desorption capacities of La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5reached 0.193 H/M and 0.565 H/M in the fi rst minute at 298 K and 323 K, respectively. Electrochemical property measurement indicated that La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5(x=0.20,0.23, 0.25 at%) alloys possessed excellent activation capability and were completely activated within3 cycles. Discharge capacities of La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloys reached 378.2 m A h/g(x = 0.20 at%), 342.7 m A h/g(x = 0.23 at%), and 369.6 m A h/g(x = 0.25 at%), respectively. Moreover, energy density of La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloy was much larger than that of La_0.80Mg_0.20Ni_3.5 alloy and nearly approaches the maximum value of La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5. Thus, the La_(1-x) Mg_x Ni_3.5alloy exhibits optimum comprehensive properties of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry.     

双Sine—Gordon势氢键分子链中孤子的运动

双Ｓｉｎｅ－Ｇｏｒｄｏｎ势氢键分子链模型可以同时描述离子型缺陷孤子和取向型缺陷孤子的协同运动。在此模型的基础上，利用能量分析方法研究这两类孤子在外场中的运动，并计算出它们的迁移率、散射截面和核化率。     

含氰废水处理方法评价

氰化物是指化合物分子中含有氰基(-CN)的物质，属于剧毒物。含氰废水处理方法很多，处理方法的选择应根据具体情况而定，本文主要介绍了过氧化氢法、二氧化硫一空气法、生物处理法、氯氧化法。处理含氰废水的处理过程。     

环己酮制备实验的改进

以30%H2O2 为氧化剂,用FeCl3 催化氧化环己醇可得到产率(基于环己醇)为 75%以上的环己酮,反应中无须加入相转移催化剂,考察了用量、催化剂、反应时间及反应温度对产率的影响.所用催化剂价廉易得且具有极佳的水溶性,分离回收容易,是一条绿色合成环己酮的好途径,克服了目前有机化学实验教材中采用浓HNO3、KCrO4 或KMnO4 氧化法存在污染大、反应时间长等缺点.     

聚丁二烯聚氨酯弹性体的合成与表征

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、1,4—丁二醇(BDO)为原料,采用溶液二步法合成了4种硬段含量不同的聚丁二烯聚氨酯弹性体。探讨了反应温度、溶剂对反应速率的影响,并用红外光谱(IR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、应力—应变(σ—ε)实验对产物进行了表征。     

化学氧化法精制11-氰基十一酸

以11-氰基十一酸(11-CUA)的纯度和收率为目标函数,采用三种不同的氧化剂精制粗品11-氰基十一酸,通过对比实验及对氧化产物的红外光谱解析与熔点测定,确定了双氧水是合适的氧化剂.再利用正交试验对双氧水精制11-氰基十一酸的工艺条件进行研究,得到优化实验条件:在双氧水质量分数为15%、温度为20℃、pH值为2.0、反应时间30 min的条件下精制粗品11-CUA,产品纯度达99.86%,收率93.62%.     

计算MnBm型弱碱弱酸盐溶液精确[H￣+]的普适公式(Ⅲ)

本文提出了计算ＭｎＢｍ型弱碱弱酸盐溶液精确［Ｈ＋］的普适公式，一般选代１～２次便可求出的［Ｈ＋］的精确解