含氰废水处理方法评价

氰化物是指化合物分子中含有氰基(-CN)的物质，属于剧毒物。含氰废水处理方法很多，处理方法的选择应根据具体情况而定，本文主要介绍了过氧化氢法、二氧化硫一空气法、生物处理法、氯氧化法。处理含氰废水的处理过程。     

Synergetic effect of multiple phases on hydrogen desorption kinetics and cycle durability in ball milled MgH2–PrF3–Al–Ni composite

A new Mg MgH₂–PrF₃–Al–Ni composite was prepared by ball milling under hydrogen atmosphere. After initial dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation, Pr₃Al₁₁, MgF₂, PrH₃ and Mg₂NiH₄ nanoparticles formed accompanying the main phase MgH₂. The hydrogen absorption-desorption properties were measured by using a Sieverts-type apparatus. The results showed that the Mg MgH₂–PrF₃–Al–Ni composi...     

氨合成反应的BOC—MP法研究

用键级守恒莫尔势函数法（ＢＯＣ－ＭＰ）研究了铁催化剂表面氨合成反应的缔合式和解离式两种机理，计算表明缔合式机理速控步骤的活化能垒Ｎ２，ａｄ＋Ｈａｄ→ＮＨａｄ＋Ｎ（９２ｋＪｍｏｌ－１）低于解离式机理速控步骤Ｎａｄ＋Ｈａｄ→ＮＨａｄ（１６３ｋＪｍｏｌ－１）的活化能垒，但反应Ｎ２，ａｄ→Ｎａｄ＋Ｎａｄ（５０ｋＪｍｏｌ－１）的活化能垒又明显低于缔合式途径速控步骤的活化能垒．由此可推断，在铁催化剂表面存在着两种氨合成竞争反应途径，但缔合式机理在反应能量学上较为有利．     

有机化学中的价键法理论

本文介绍了建立在价键法基础上的共振论,并根据价键法理论对有机分子的共振能,电荷密度、键级和自由价等性质作了详细的描述。     

高温及等离子体环境下液态锡与钨筛网的相容性研究

本文利用真空管式炉和四川大学直线等离子体与材料表面相互作用平台（SCU-PSI）, 探究了静态高温以及高密度氢等离子体环境下液态锡（Sn）对钨基多孔筛网结构（CPS）的润湿及腐蚀行为. 实验结果发现,在静态高温环境下液态Sn润湿钨筛网（4层150目）的阈值温度为950 ℃,且随着实验温度升高,润湿效果越好. 当实验温度达到1050 ℃时,在钨筛网表面观察到大量SnO2棒状结构. 这种棒状结构可能是由于管式炉中存在少量的氧气,在高温作用下Sn和氧气发生反应生成SnO2纳米晶. 当液态Sn-CPS结构进一步被离子通量为7.71×1022 m-2*s-1和热负荷为54.55 kW*m-2 的氢等离子体辐照时,钨筛网出现大面积断裂,形成丝状结构;而在没有液态Sn润湿的情况下,钨筛网表面没有出现类似损伤. 这可能是在高密度氢等离子体辐照作用下,氢等离子体与SnO2的协同作用加剧了钨筛网的损伤,造成了钨丝硬化断裂. 本文的实验结果为未来液态Sn-CPS在聚变装置中的实际应用提供了一定的参考.     

升压方式和升压速率对圆盘压力试验的影响

以34Cr Mo和S31603材料为研究对象,通过圆盘压力试验法,采用脉冲近匀速升压方式和对应的匀速升压方式将试样加压至爆破,考察升压速率和升压方式对试样爆破压力的影响,并分析影响机制。结果表明,氢爆破压力随升压速率降低呈下降趋势;脉冲升压方式一的氢爆破压力始终大于升压方式二和升压方式三;升压方式二是一种较为合适的近匀速升压方式。升压方式对氢爆破压力的影响机制可能是因升压方式影响材料中氢扩散总量而导致的。     

Electrodeposited synthesis of self-supported Ni-P cathode for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen generation

One of the key challenges for electrochemical water splitting is the development of low-cost and efficient hydrogen evolution cathode. In this work, a self-supported Ni-P cathode was synthesized by a facile electrodeposition method. The composition and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Ni-P cathode performed low onset over-potential, good catalytic activity and long-term stability under neutral and alkaline conditions. The mechanism of Ni-P electrode for hydrogen production was discussed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The excellent performance of Ni-P cathode was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of phosphate anions and the self-supported feature.     

Climatic significance of n-alkanes and their compound-specific dD values from lake surface sediments on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau

The content and hydrogen isotope ratios of n-alkanes extracted from recent lake surface sediments sampled from nine lakes in three different climate zones on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed.Values were compared with n-alkanes in plants from lake drainages,and dD values of meteoric water,lake water,and mean annual precipitation.The results showed that n-C23was predominantly derived from aquatic plants,and n-C27–n-C33from terrestrial higher plants.The average carbon chain length of n-C27–n-C33(ACL27–33)was positively correlated with the mean annual precipitation.dD values of the long-chain n-alkanes n-C29and n-C31of terrestrial origin(varying between-214%and-169%,and-226%and-185%,respectively)were inversely correlated with mean annual precipitation;but in accordance with the average annual variations in dD(OIPC),dD values of n-C31were strongly related to the dD values of growing season meteoric water(R2=0.74).The large difference between dD values of n-C23of aquatic origin and n-C31(an average of about 27%)demonstrates the enrichment of the lake water dD compared to precipitation,caused by strong evaporation in the semiarid–arid areas of the southwestern Tibetan Plateau.Average value of en C25 31=p(-95%)is evidently higher than the value observed in European wet regions(-128%);besides,en C31(about-116%)is constant along the study transect(SD=9),which indicates that n-C31is a useful proxy for the environment.     

矿泉水中痕量碘的简易催化光度测定法

本文报导了一种测定矿泉水中痕量碘的简易催化光度法。在硫酸介质中，痕量碘催化盐酸氯丙嗪与过去氧化氢之间的反应并形成红色中间体（λｍａｘ＝５２５ｎｍ），其吸光度－时间曲线上的最大吸光度值与碘的浓度成正比，最佳条件下可测定矿泉水中ｎｇ／ｍＬ量级的碘，其相对标准偏差为１．５％。