基于嵌入式Web的智能监控系统

针对传统数据处理技术难以集成各种异构系统和应用导致的信息孤岛问题,本文以油品油料零售网络中加油站前庭设备监控系统为例,提出了一种基于嵌入式Web的智能监控系统.该系统采用高性能的Intel Xscale IXP-422 266 MHz RISC CPU作前庭控制器(FCC),基于嵌入式系统设计了加油机协议与IFSF协议转化模块,可实现加油站中非IFSF设备与IFSF设备之间的互操作,使不同协议的设备可相互通讯.系统借助Web服务器,可实时监管各种不同的前庭设备,实现了对现有设备的有机整合.初步测试表明,系统设计是可行的,可方便地实现对系统的监控.     

回火温度对600MPa级低碳贝氏体钢组织和力学性能的影响

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等实验方法,研究了不同回火温度对屈服强度600MPa级Fe-Mn-Nb-B系低碳贝氏体高强钢组织和性能的影响.结果表明:回火温度对屈服强度和抗拉强度均有较大影响.各回火温度下的低碳贝氏体钢性能与回火前相比,屈服强度均有不同程度的升高,而抗拉强度则均有不同程度的下降;600℃回火时屈服强度比回火前高出105MPa.随着回火温度的升高,屈服强度先上升后又略有下降并在600℃时达到最大值,抗拉强度下降明显,伸长率略有升高,屈强比升高.分析认为:回火前后力学性能的变化主要与回火后有更多弥散的尺寸在20nm以下的新的细小粒子析出以及马氏体占绝大多数的大块M/A岛的分解和发生位错多边形的回复有关.     

Insular species of Neotropical freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura)

One species of Trichodactylidae and four species of Pseudothelphusidae are present on continental islands in three areas of Central and South America. (1) Trinidad and Margarita Island have, in common with the Venezuelan mainland, the pseudothelphusid Eudaniela garmani (Rathbun, 1898); additionally, Trinidad shares with the mainland the trichodactylid Dilocarcinus dentatus (Randall, 1839). These disjunct distributions can be attributed to changes in sea level during the Quaternary, but the presence of the endemic pseudothelphusid Microthelphusa odaelkae (Bott, 1970) in Trinidad probably reflects an older connection with the continent. (2) A new species, Potamocarcinus roatensis, was found on Roatan Island, off the coast of Honduras. A cladistic analysis of the genus Potamocarcinus (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) revealed a close association of P. roatensis with P. magnus (Rathbun, 1896), a widely distributed Central American pseudothelphusid. Possibly both species originated in a pre-Quaternary vicariant event. (3) Another pseudothelphusid, Hypolobocera gorgonensis von Prahl, 1983, inhabits disjunct areas on Gorgona Island, off the Pacific coast of Colombia, and on the mainland of Ecuador, reflecting either a wider distribution before the last Holocene transgression or accidental dispersal through natural rafts.     

A redescription of Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum Cobbold, 1858 with comments on other marine species of Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858

Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum, the type-species of the genus Diphyllobothrium, is redescribed based on specimens found in Phocaena phocaena (L.) caught off Denmark and the Netherlands as well as specimens from the County Museum (Liverpool) from the type-locality. In addition, some other Diphyllobothrium species from marine mammals, D. cordatum, D. lanceolatum, D. hians, D. cameroni, D. elegans, D. lashleyi, D. wilsoni, D. rauschi sp. nov. (= syn. D. hians sensu Rausch, 1969) and D. minutus sp. nov. (= syn. D. elegans sensu Rausch, 1969), are briefly redescribed. In conclusion, a systematic grouping of the species is tried.     

海南岛汉族移民述略

自西汉中央封建政权对海南岛实行统治之后，中原汉族遗民或出于军事征伐，或为任官贬官，或因经商先后进入该岛。其后历经隋、唐、五代、宋、元、明、清。虽然中央封建政权对海南岛的统治时“紧”时“松”，但汉人迁入却随着历史的推移而不断增多，形成岛上今天占全岛人口８５％比例的汉族遗民强大民族群。本文略述其中各时期的汉族移民的发展概貌     

Time-lapse photography reveals the occurrence of unexpected bee-pollination in Calanthe izuinsularis,an endangered orchid endemic to the Izu archipelago

Calanthe izuinsularis is a rare, beautiful and fragrant orchid endemic to the Izu archipelago. Although it is known that mainland populations of closely related Calanthe species are pollinated by medium- to large-sized bees, it is likely that C. izuinsularis has been forced to alter its floral biology to attract alternative pollinators, as large-sized bees are rarely found on the Izu Islands. Indeed, the unusual floral characteristics of C. izuinsularis, which produces pale flowers that emit a strong and fragrant scent during the night, are considered the adaptation to a moth-pollinator syndrome. As expected, our time-lapse photography using a digital camera revealed that the inflorescences of C. izuinsularis were most frequently visited by nocturnal moths such as Noctuidae, Geometridae and Crambidae, which accounted for 50% of all insect visits (in terms of both the number of frames with captured visitors and the number of times visited). However, our study could not provide evidence of a pollinator shift towards moths because none of the moth species was observed with pollinaria. On the other hand, our study found that the pollinaria of C. izuinsularis could become attached to the mesothorax of the small-sized sweat bee Lasioglossum occidens. Therefore, our study suggests that C. izuinsularis is still somewhat dependent on bee pollination, while the orchid has changed its floral colouration and scent. The occurrence of bee-pollination in C. izuinsularis would provide an explanation for how the natural hybridisation between C. aristulifera, C. discolor and C. izuinsularis can occur.     

广东省海岛生活垃圾产量及理化特性

选取广东省七个典型海岛,分析了生活垃圾产量及其变化规律,测试了生活垃圾容重、组分、含水率、灰分、热值、重金属含量等理化特性。结果表明：南澳岛、外伶仃岛、东澳岛和上下川岛生活垃圾夏秋季节产量大、冬春季节少,人均产量分别为1.030、1.147、1.093和0.772 kg/d;万山岛、桂山岛生活垃圾春秋季节产量大、冬夏季节少,人均产量分别为0.726和1.022 kg/d。七个海岛生活垃圾以厨余组分含量最高,占到32.34%~47.75%;其次为塑料和纸类,分别占到12.89%~20.70%和11.2%~19.71%。混合垃圾容重为157.49~217.27 kg/m₃,平均值为182.1 kg/m₃;含水率为48.26～60.22%,平均值为53.94%;热值为4793～7068 kJ/kg,平均值为5659 kJ/kg。焚烧灰分中重金属Cu(969mg/kg)、Zn(1760mg/kg)、Cd(19.7mg/kg)含量分别超出国家土壤标准限制的1.4、3.4和18.7倍;纸灰分重金属含量都在标准限制范围内,贝壳灰分中Hg含量以及塑料灰分中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd超出国家土壤标准限制。     

空心莲子草和三棱草对海岛高含盐河道水质净化效果的研究

通过对空心莲子草和三棱草进行漂浮栽植,分别研究了他们在单独种植和混合种植方式下对低、中、高3种盐度的海岛含盐河道水质的生长状况和净化效果。结果表明：2种种植方式下的植物都在3种盐度中正常生长,且在低、中盐度水中的生长状况均优于高盐度的。2种种植方式下2种植物都能有效净化海岛高含盐水质,其中对NH4＋-N、TIN和PO4^3-P的去除率均以单独种植空心莲子草的去除效果最好,最高去除率分别可达到32．86％、31．20％和37．50％。     

日本人的“村八分”心理及成因探析

摘 要：本文在对江户时代日本乡村社会中存在的“村八分”制裁措施及其在现代日本社会中的心理表现进行阐述的基础上,分析了“村八分”的心理及其形成原因。指出：“村八分”思想的形成与日本的自然环境、稻作文化和儒家文化有着密切的联系。频仍的自然灾害使日本人为了更好地生存,只能同心协力,一致抗灾。稻作文化孕育了团体主义精神。而儒家文化中“以和为贵”的思想对“村八分”心理的形成也起到了推波助澜的作用。为了“和”,在社会生活中人们特别注意与他人以至整个群体的协调一致,强调个人利益而牺牲集体利益的行为会受到周围人的排斥,当事人也会产生耻辱感。进而认为,虽然作为一种制裁措施“村八分”已被禁止,但其思想却深深地扎根于日本人的心中。在耻感文化的作用下,日本人自然会保持“村八分”心理。     

孤岛煤柱综放开采冲击危险性研究

我国煤矿各种"孤岛"采场中,有大量的全部区段回采结束后留下的采区煤柱类"孤岛"采场,由于采场中分布有大量的废旧巷道,导致开采难度增加,而二面或三面,甚至四面采空使得矿压显现十分突出,冲击矿压的危害显著增加,煤柱中的旧巷及断层使得"孤岛"采场开采面临的问题和安全隐患都更加突出。针对杨村煤矿315工作面面临三面采空、旧巷密布及断层横穿等诸多不利因素,从地质条件、采矿影响两个方面来分析315面开采的冲击危险性。